Analysis of Sharia Hotels Feasibility in Pekanbaru

Zulkiﬂi, Boy Syamsul Bahkri, Muhammad Arif and Putri Nuraini

Faculty of Islamic Religion, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

Keywords:

Sharia Hotel, Hilal-1, Tourism.

Abstract:

This research study is motivated by a growing number and a trend of sharia hotels in Pekanbaru. The problems

in sharia hotels are not just only on the claim and labels, but also the speciﬁcations and the criteria must be

clear so that they are not merely a business commodity. The problem statement in this research study is “do

sharia hotels in Pekanbaru meet the feasibility based on sharia regulations?”. The purpose of this research

study is to ﬁnd out the feasibility of sharia hotels in Pekanbaru. The theoretical framework in this research

study refers to the Regulation of Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia

Number 2 Year 2014 on the Implementation Guidelines of Hilal-1 Syaria Hotel Business. The data used in

this research study are primary data and secondary data. The population and sample in this research study are

all sharia hotels (total sampling) in Pekanbaru, which consists of 8 hotels (1-star to 3-star hotels). While the

data collection techniques are observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The results of this research study

indicate that there are no sharia hotels that actually apply the sharia-based concept of Hilal-1 category which

includes product dimension, service dimension, and management dimension.

1 INTRODUCTION

Currently, business development in Indonesia is

going bigger and advanced, including in the sectors

of industry, services, and trade. Globalization

has caused quite rapid changes in business, which

requires organizations or companies to adapt, have

resilience, be able to change direction quickly and

focus attention on customers.

Hospitality is a business or service business

needed by the people in Pekanbaru because in

Pekanbaru, the majority is Muslims and Sharia hotels

are surely petriﬁed to the people who are working

there and those who are traveling in the city. The

development of hotels always tends to be shades of

sharia and star rated hotels.. The managers must

complete the facilities and infrastructures that make

many consumers are interested. Sharia hotels must

provide Islamic prayer room, food and beverages that

are halal.

Hotels that are in accordance with sharia

principles are hotels that provide lodging, food

and beverage services, and other services for the

common people; managed commercially, and meet

the requirements stipulated by the government, and

do not conﬂict with sharia principles. All components

of the hotel operational and technical requirements

criteria, starting from the small things such as kind

of information should be available at the concierge.

Equipment that must be available in the public toilet,

serving food and beverage, and reception of policy

and procedure at the front ofﬁce must be ensured to

fulﬁll the sharia provisions.

The emergence of sharia hotels in Pekanbaru is

based on market needs sourced from Islamic spiritual

offerings. The needs for sharia products is an effect

of the increasing level of public awareness, especially

Muslim consumers against the laws and provisions of

Islam in terms of life.

The phenomenon of the increasing number of

hotels labeled sharia in Pekanbaru is an attraction for

Muslim tourists who are traveling in Riau Province.

The problem that occurs is that there are still many

hotels labeled as sharia but have not implemented

the sharia concept as a whole in its operational

management. According to preliminary observations,

the researcher still ﬁnds sharia hotels that do not meet

the criteria, for example, hotel guests that are still free

to enter guest without being identiﬁed ﬁrst.

Based on the phenomena that occur above, the

researcher is interested in conducting research study

with the title ”Analysis of Sharia Hotels Feasibility in

Pekanbaru”.

Zulkiﬂi, ., Bahkri, B., Arif, M. and Nuraini, P.

Analysis of Sharia Hotels Feasibility in Pekanbaru.

DOI: 10.5220/0009127902770282

In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Social, Economy, Education and Humanity (ICoSEEH 2019) - Sustainable Development in Developing Country for Facing Industrial

Revolution 4.0, pages 277-282

ISBN: 978-989-758-464-0

277

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 The Meaning of Sharia Hotel

Sharia hotel is a hotel that in the provision,

procurement and use of products and facilities, and

business operations that do not violate the sharia

rules. All components of the hotel operational

technical criteria start from small things such as what

information should be available at the front ofﬁce,

equipment in public toilets, until the presentation

of the types of food and beverages available at

reception policy and procedure, and house rules must

be ensured that all meet the criteria of sharia (Sofyan,

2011; Jurattanasan and Jaroenwisan, 2014).

The criteria for sharia hotel is as follows (Sofyan,

2011):

• Facilities

• Hotel Guest

• Marketing

• Food and Beverages

• Decoration and Ornaments

• Operations

2.2 Legal Basis of Sharia Hotel

• Al-Quran

Q.S An-Nisa : 29

Meaning: “O you who have believed, do not

consume one another’s wealth unjustly but only

[in lawful] business by mutual consent. And do

not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah

is to you ever Merciful.”.

The purpose of the verse is that Allah SWT

forbids taking the wealth of others by vanity

(improper way), except by trade that applies with

mutual consent. Sharia hotel is included in

commerce/business in the ﬁeld of services so that

in obtaining proﬁts; they are not allowed to use

methods prohibited by Allah SWT.

• Al-Hadits

Hadith about glorifying guests.

Artinya: “Whosoever believes in Allah and the

last day, let him glorify his guests when he is

blessed. ”The friends ask,” O Rasulllah Saw.

What is a special moment? He said, ”the ﬁrst day

and night. The visit is three days, if it’s more than

three days, then it’s a charity.”(HR.Muslim).

• Ijma’

The basic principle that must be considered in

relation to realizing sharia in a business is the rule

of ﬁqh which reads: Meaning: “the original law in

the ﬁeld of muamalah is skill (worship) until there

is a argument that prohibits it”.

From this rule, Islam gives freedom to humans

to do muamalah activities in order to fulﬁll

their needs in the form of proﬁts, goods or

services, while still paying attention to the limits

set by sharia. In this case, what human have

to pay attention to is what limits should not

be violated in conducting muamalah activities

(Departemen Agama, 2005; Henderson, 2010).

2.3 Guidelines for Implementation of

Sharia Hotel

Based on the Regulation of the Minister of

Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic

of Indonesia Number 2 Year 2014 on guidelines

for implementation of sharia hotel businesses, the

government divides the group into Hilal-1 of sharia

hotel and Hilal-2 of sharia hotel.

Hilal-1 category includes product aspects which

consist of 8 elements and 27 sub-elements, service

aspects consist of 6 elements and 20 sub-elements,

and management aspects consist of 2 elements and

2 sub-elements. Below are the Hilal-1 categories that

have been determined by the government:

• Product

– Public toilets (Public restroom)

– Guest bedroom

– Staff Room

– Worship Room

• Service

– Front ofﬁce

– House Keeping

– Food and Beverages

• Management

– Business Management

– Human Resources

3 METHOD

3.1 Types of Research Study

The type of this research study is descriptive research.

Descriptive research is a research study arranged in

order to provide a systematic description of scientiﬁc

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information that comes from the subject or object of

research study. (Sanusi, 2011; Sugiarto and Ir, 2003;

Saad et al., 2014).

3.2 Research Study Sites

This research study is conducted in several

sharia-labeled hotels spread in Pekanbaru as follows:

Table 1: Name and Address of Sharia Hotels in Pekanbaru

NO Hotel Name Address

1 Akasia Syariah Hotel Jl. Jend. Sudirman No. 419 Pekanbaru

2 D’Lira Syariah Hotel Jl. Pepaya No.73 Pekanbaru

3 Libra Syariah Hotel Jl. Tuanku Tambusain Pekanbaru

4 Oase Hotel Jl. Jend. Sudirman No. 255 EF Pekanbaru

5 Rauda Hotel Jl. Tengku Zainal Abidin No. 2-4 Pekanbaru

6 Stefani Syariah Hotel Jl. Taskurun No. 100 Pekanbaru

7 Sri Indrayani Hotel Jl. Dr. Sam Ratulangi No. 45 Pekanbaru

8 Tasia Ratu Hotel Jl. Hasyim Ashari No. 10. Pekanbaru

Source: Processed Data, 201

3.3 Data Collection Method

In collecting data for this research study, several

methods are used as follows:

• Questionnaire

Questionnaire is a list of questions that must be

covered by the interviewer during the interview.

The purpose of the questionnaire is to obtain

information on how the practice of sharia hotel

management in Pekanbaru.

• Observation

Observation is the selection, alteration, recording,

and coding of a series of behaviors and

atmosphere relating to observation activities in

accordance with empirical objectives (Sutrisno,

2009).

• Interview

Interview is data collection techniques by asking

questions directly by the interviewer to the

respondent and the respondents’ answers are

listed or recorded (Sutrisno, 2009). In practice,

the author prepares a list of questions to be

submitted directly to hotel managers or hoteliers

and sharia hotel staffs.

• Documentation

Documentation is a data collection technique

that is not directly aimed at the subject of

the researcher, but through documents (Sutrisno,

2009). Documentation can be in the form

of text, images, and monumental works of

someone. This documentation is intended to

obtain evidence regarding management practices

such as applicable regulations and applied to

sharia hotels in Pekanbaru.

3.4 Population and Sample

The population in this research study is all sharia

hotels in Pekanbaru, which are 8 hotels (1-star to

3-star hotels). Sample is examples that represent the

population and mirror the entire object under study

(Sutrisno, 2009; Komar, 2006; Pariwisata, 2014;

Sulastiyono, 2011). The population in this research

study is <100 people, then all populations in this

research study are used as research samples.

3.5 Data Analysis Method

The data analysis method used in this research study

is adjusted to the research study, that is a sharia review

of sharia hotel management practices assessed using

qualitative methods. This analysis aims to determine

business practices in hotel management in Pekanbaru

sharia hotels.

3.6 Operational Concept

Based on the theory above, the operational concepts

can be made as follows:

3.7 Theoretical Framework

Based on the description above, the theoretical

framework can be described as follows :

Source: Processed Data, 2018

4 RESULTS

4.1 Findings

4.1.1 Product Dimension

Product dimension consists of eight indicators (public

toilet, guest bedroom, guest bathroom, kitchen, staff

room, Islamic prayer room, swimming pool, and spa).

The eight indicators are divided into twenty-seven

statement items.

The results of the data collected from eight sharia

hotels for the Product Dimension shows that none

of the hotels achieved an ideal score (27) from a

number of indicators and sub-indicators presented.

The highest score is achieved by Sri Indrayani Hotel

(24) and Rauda Hotel (24). While the lowest score

is achieved by Oase Hotel (17). The average score

achieved by the hotels is 21.5.

Analysis of Sharia Hotels Feasibility in Pekanbaru

279

Table 2: Operational Concept

Concept Dimension Indicator

Guidelines for

Implementation

Hilal-1 of Sharia

Hotel Business

- Product

(Regulation of the Minister of Tourism of the

Republic of Indonesia Number 2 on Guidelines

for Implementation of Sharia Hotel Business, 2014)

1. Public Toilet

(Public Restroom)

2. Guest Bedroom

3. Guest Bathroom

4. Kitchen

5. Staff Room

6. Islamic Prayer Room

7. Swimming pool

8. Spa

- Service

(Regulation of the Minister of Tourism of the

Republic of Indonesia Number 2 on Guidelines

for Implementation of Sharia Hotel Business, 2014)

1. Front ofﬁce

2. House Keeping

3. Food and Beverages

4. Sports, recreation,

and ﬁtness

5. Spa (if available)

6. Entertainment facilities

- Management

(Regulation of the Minister of Tourism of the

Republic of Indonesia Number 2 on Guidelines

for Implementation of Sharia Hotel Business, 2014)

1. Business Management

2. Human Resources

Source : Regulation of the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 on

Guidelines for Implementation of Sharia Hotel Business, 2014.

Figure 1: Theoretical Framework

Table 3: Tabulation of Data of Product Dimension

No Hotel Name

Indicator

Score

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1. Sri Indrayani 2 4 3 2 4 9 0 0 24

2. Rauda 2 4 3 2 4 9 0 0 24

3. Stefani 2 1 3 1 4 9 0 0 20

4. Akasia 2 3 3 2 4 9 0 0 23

5. Tasia Ratu 2 4 3 1 4 9 0 0 23

6. D’Lira 2 2 3 1 3 9 0 0 20

7. Oase 1 2 3 2 3 6 0 0 17

8. New Libra Syariah 2 4 3 2 4 6 0 0 21

Source: Processed Data, 2018

4.1.2 Service Dimension

The Service Dimension consists of six indicators

(front ofﬁce, house keeping, food and beverage,

sports recreation and ﬁtness, spa, and entertainment

facilities). The six indicators are divided into twenty

Table 4: Tabulation of Data of Service Dimension

No Hotel Name

Indicator

Score

1 2 3 4 5 6

1. Sri Indrayani 5 3 3 0 0 1 12

2. Rauda 5 3 3 0 0 2 13

3. Stefani 4 2 3 0 0 1 10

4. Akasia 5 3 3 0 0 0 11

5. Tasia Ratu 5 3 3 0 0 2 13

6. D’Lira 4 2 3 0 0 1 10

7. Oase 5 2 3 0 0 1 11

8. New Libra Syariah 5 3 1 0 0 2 11

Source: Processed Data, 2018

statement items.

The results of the data collected from eight sharia

hotels for the Service Dimension indicate that none

of the hotels achieved an ideal score (20) from a

number of indicators and sub-indicators presented.

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The highest score is achieved by Rauda Hotel (13)

and Tasia Ratu Hotel (13). While the lowest score is

achieved by Stefani Hotel (10) and D’Lira Hotel (10).

The average score achieved by the hotels is 11.4.

4.1.3 Management Dimension

Table 5: Tabulation of Data of Management Dimension

No Hotel Name

Indicator

Score

1 2

1. Sri Indrayani 1 1 2

2. Rauda 1 1 2

3. Stefani 1 1 2

4. Akasia 1 1 2

5. Tasia Ratu 1 1 2

6. D’Lira 1 1 2

7. Oase 1 1 2

8. New Libra Syariah 0 1 1

Source: Processed Data, 2018

The last dimension is Management Dimension which

consists of two indicators (business management and

human resources). The two indicators are divided into

two statement items. The result of data collected from

eight sharia hotels for the Management Dimension

shows that almost all hotels achieved ideal scores

(2) from a number of indicators and sub-indicators

presented. Only one hotel that is New Libra Syariah

Hotel get the lowest scores (1). The average score

achieved by the hotels is 1.9.

5 CONCLUSIONS

The beauty of the essence of sharia is to throw away

everything that is harmful or destructive to humans

and the environment. In line with the purpose of the

implementation of sharia, that is maintaining human

welfare including protection of the faith, life, mind,

descent, and property. Anything that guarantees the

protection of these ﬁve cases is a concern for humans

and is desirable, not limited by those who are Muslim,

because actually something dangerous for Muslims,

of course also dangerous for non-Muslims. Thus,

sharia products and services are open to all human

beings, without differentiate race, religion, gender, or

others.

Sharia hotel is a hotel that provides services in

accordance with sharia principles. Halal deﬁnition is

not only limited to the provision of halal food & drink,

but also to the operation of hotels in general, starting

from the provision, procurement, use of products and

facilities, and ﬁnancial transactions. In addition, in

receiving guests, the receptionist is required to select

guests who come in pairs, whether they are a married

couple or have a mahram relationship.

All halal products in Indonesia, including hotels,

of course require certiﬁcates as written evidence

indicating whether the hotel has met the business

standards of hotels as determined by the government

or not.

In 2014, the government has compiled and

determined the Guidelines for Implementation of

Sharia Hotel Business through Regulation of the

Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy Number

2. The guidelines contain the classiﬁcation of sharia

hotels into 2 categories, that is Hilal-1 and Hilal-2

of Sharia Hotels. Hilal-1 category is a classiﬁcation

of sharia hotel businesses that are considered to meet

all the criteria for sharia hotels needed to serve the

minimum needs of Muslim tourists. Whereas, the

Hilal-2 category is a classiﬁcation of sharia hotel

businesses that are considered to meet all the criteria

for sharia hotels needed to serve the moderate needs

of Muslim tourists.

Some conclusions obtained from this research

study are:

• The Product Dimension shows that no hotel has

an ideal score (27) from a number of indicators

and sub-indicators presented. The highest score

is achieved by Sri Indrayani Hotel (24) and Hotel

Rauda (24). While the lowest score is achieved by

Hotel Oase (17). The average score achieved by

the hotels is 21.5.

• The Service Dimension shows that no hotel has

an ideal score (20) from a number of indicators

and sub-indicators presented. The highest score

is achieved by Hotel Rauda (13) and Hotel Tasia

Ratu (13). While the lowest score is achieved by

Hotel Stefani (10) and Hotel D’Lira (10). The

average score achieved by the hotels is 11.4.

• The Management Dimension shows that almost

all hotels achieve ideal scores (2) from a number

of indicators and sub-indicators presented. Only

one hotel that is the New Libra Syaria Hotel get

the lowest score (1). The average score achieved

by the hotels is 1.9.

The results of this research study indicate that

there are no hotels that actually apply the sharia-based

concept in Pekanbaru, even to meet the Hilal-1

Category (sharia hotel business classiﬁcations that

are considered to meet all the criteria for sharia

hotels needed to serve the minimum needs of Muslim

tourists).

Analysis of Sharia Hotels Feasibility in Pekanbaru

281

SUGGESTION

In this research study, it is explained that the hoteliers

can run their business after obtaining a Hotel Business

Certiﬁcate issued by the Business Certiﬁcation

Agency, where the assessment of Absolute Criteria

fulﬁllment (the minimum terms and conditions that

must be fulﬁlled and implemented by the hotelier)

applicable organized by DSN-MUI.

Regardless of the central government’s efforts

to make sharia hotel standards, the results of this

research study indicate that in Pekanbaru, no hotel has

actually implemented a sharia-based concept, even

to fulﬁll the Hilal-1 category (sharia hotel business

classiﬁcations that are considered to meet all sharia

hotel criteria is needed to serve the minimum needs

of Muslim tourists). This may due to the high

investment costs for sharia hotels considering the

qualiﬁcations and standards of sharia-based hotels

which require hoteliers to add facilities in accordance

with applicable regulations.

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