Modification of Recovery Techniques to Increase VO2 Max on

Women Volley Ball Athlete

Dian Helaprahara

, Rachlai Eko Arisetiawan

, Mas’odi

Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation of STKIP PGRI Sumenep, Indonesia

Keywords: Massage, VO2 Max, Volley Ball.

Abstract: Volleyball is one of the quite popular sport in Indonesia. Most of athletes experience fatigue towards the

end of a match which can affect the outcome of the match. Recovery techniques are important things to do

during and after the match. This study aimed to determine the level of VO2 max of volleyball athletes by

modifying the recovery using massage in active and passive recovery. The research subjects were 15 of

PORPROV (Provincial Sports Week Championship) female volleyball athletes, Sumenep Regency.

Subjects were divided into three groups, namely the first group of recovery with active and massage

recovery and the second group with massage recovery and passive recovery and the third group as the

control group. The results showed a significant difference in VO2 max in the first and second groups.

1 INTRODUCTION

Volleyball is a sport that consistently holds activities

or competitions at the sub-district level to national

level in Indonesia, and therefore, it is one of the

most popular sports in Indonesia. Volleyball requires

its players to always have a pretty good endurance.

In addition, it also requires speed and strength

during the match.

The volleyball organization in Sumenep regency

at the Provincial Sports Week Championship

(PORPROV, henceforth) in East Java has formed

two teams namely the Volleyball men's team and

women's team. However, there is a problem faced by

the PORPROV team, namely a decline in athlete's

performance caused by physical deterioration. This

decrease in physical condition is caused by improper

training programs provided by the coach the

decrease in physical condition can be seen in the

fourth and fifth sets during the match which causes

performance to decline. If the performance

decreases, it will affect the concentration and

accuracy of the game.

Getting an achievement could not be separated

from coaching and good training patterns. There is

one way that can be used to improve the

achievement is by using recovery techniques carried

out during and after the match. The special methods

are needed to restore the performance of athletes

who experience fatigue (Andek, 2013). The right

recovery technique will maintain the athlete's

endurance. Endurance is a support for players to be

able to concentrate on achieving achievements.

In order to support the athlete's performance, it is

necessary to have the right technique. There are

several ways to do recovery techniques in sport and

one of them is by using massage and jogging

technique. The results of previous studies indicated

that active recovery techniques can quickly restore

the body's condition compared to passive recovery.

Recovery techniques are very important in restoring

the athlete's physical condition when experiencing

fatigue while competing. This study aims to modify

recovery techniques by combining massage with

active and passive recovery.

Helaprahara, D., Arisetiawan, R. and , M.

Modiﬁcation of Recovery Techniques to Increase VO2 Max on Women Volley Ball Athlete.

DOI: 10.5220/0009784902870290

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 287-290

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

287

Table 1: Descriptive Calculation Results

Measurement results

VO2max (satuan)

p-value (<0.05)

Active Recovery & Massage Group

Pre Test

39,40 ± 3,05

0,005

Post Test

46,40 ± 1,82

Passive Recovery & Massage Group

Pre Test

34,60 ± 1,52

0,029

Post Test

39,80 ± 4,97

Control group

Pre Test

29,60 ± 3,21

0,621

Post Test

29,80 ± 3,11

2 METHODS

This research is an experimental research using pure

experimental design - Pretest-Posttest Randomized

Control Group Design. The data were calculated by

using t-test paired statistical analysis and SPSS 18.0

for windows software version.

2.1 Subject

The subjects used in this study were the Volleyball

Women's Team in preparation for the Provincial

Sports Week Championship (PORPROV VI). The

team contained15 athletes. The first group is the

recovery group with massage and active recovery

(i.e. jogging). The second group is the recovery

group with massage and passive recovery (i.e.

sitting). The third group is the control group.

2.2 Procedure

Each subject filled in a letter of willingness to be

a part of this study. Each group participated in an

endurance measurement test (VO2 max) twice at the

beginning and end of the study. VO2 max

measurement was done using MVT test. First, the

subjects took the VO2 max data. Then, each subject

was treated according to the group that had been

determined. In the final stage, the data were taken

back to see the difference after the treatment.

3 RESULTS

The description of the results of the study is shown

in table 1. From table 1, VO2 max increased in all

three groups. The first and second groups

experienced a significant increase (p <0.05).

Meanwhile, the third group did not have a

significant increase.

Based on the results of measurements in table 1

above, especially in the active and massage recovery

groups, it could be seen that there was an increase in

the mean value between pretest 39.40 ± 3.05 and

posttest 46.40 ± 1.82. In the passive and massage

recovery group, there was also an increase in the

mean value between pretest 34.60 ± 1.52 and

posttest 39.80 ± 4.97. In the control group, there was

also an increase it was mean pretest value of 29.60

and post-test of 29.80. The standard value of the

deviation was pretest 29.60 ± 3.21 and post-test

29.80 ± 3.11. From the average results of the three

groups, it was concluded that by giving treatment of

VO2 Max, there was an increase from the three

groups, although the control group gave the smallest

increase.

4 DISCUSSION

Doing certain work or sport activities can cause a

person to be exhausted and to face a decline in the

quality and quantity of work or sport Decreasing the

quality and quantity of work or sports is caused by

the intensity and duration of work or exercise that

causes disruption of homeostasis. This condition is

subjectively perceived as fatigue. Such fatigue must

be prevented and immediately recovered by an

athlete. Recovery is a return to the condition of

homeostasis to its normal condition. Recovery can

indeed occur spontaneously, but it can be

accelerated through engineering efforts (Giriwijoyo

and Sidik, 2013).

There are two forms of fatigue in humans,

namely mental fatigue and physical weakness. This

study focused on the handling of physical fatigue as

a means of recovery for athletes while carrying out

volleyball training activities in increasing VO2 Max.

Physical fatigue is caused by physical work or

muscle work, and is considered as an attractive

problem to physiological experts. It should be

understood that physical fatigue is the fatigue of

ergosistema-I (ES-I). ES-I functions actively as

nervous system and muscular system. The

combination of the two is better known as the neuro-

muscular system, so that fatigue can occur in one of

them or a combination of the those systems. It can

be concluded that fatigue can occur on both the

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

288

nerves and the muscles (Giriwijoyo and Sidik,

2012).

Based on the results of this study, group I had

greater increase amounting to 17.77% in VO2 Max

for volleyball athletes in Sumenep regency. This is

due to combining methods, which included active

recovery and massage. The study showed that active

recovery was compared to passive recovery, but this

difference was not significant. The existence of

biological variations in a person and recovery time,

that is too short, are important factors for the results

and it is recommended to increase recovery time and

increase sample homogeneity in order to reduce

variations in biology (Afriwardi and Rezki, 2008).

The second group also had an increase, which

was about 15.03%, as the results of the pre-test and

post-test on VO2 Max in volleyball athletes in

Sumenep regency. This number however was

smaller when compared to the first group. As stated

by previous research, passive recovery can restore

maximum muscle strength such as initial muscle

strength, when it was being given manipulation of

effleurage for 3 minutes, because it can improve the

ATP-PC and more quickly oxidized lactic acid will

give more energy or strength (Simatupang, 2015).

Active and massage recovery techniques are very

important to speed up the recovery process. Massage

techniques will quickly circulate the blood that

carries oxygen to the working muscles. The muscles

will experience a little fatigue when oxygen enters

tightly. The oxygen will help lactic acid to produce

during the combustion process and the energy

system will be quickly discharged by the body.

Excellent physical performance of a sportsman also

needs to pay attention, in terms of nutrition. Almost

all of the athletes need to use the main energy source

of carbohydrates (CHO), especially athletes who

carry out maximum explosive movements such as

volleyball. As we know that, muscles that have

enough CHO (muscle glycogen) can make anaerobic

power formation. The most important energy

resource for exercise or physical work is the main

energy source of carbohydrates and fats. The supply

of fat in the body is almost always enough even for

someone who looks thin, while the supply of CHO

in the body must always be considered (Giriwijoyo

and Sidik, 2013). Research findings claimed that

chocolate milk has superior rehydration properties

compared to other sports drinks. It is based on its

ability to reduce urine production and increase fluid

retention. Thus, chocolate milk provides a practical

and convenient choice when choosing post-sports

recovery drinks for sports athletes, especially female

athletes (Dow et al., 2018).

Figure 1: Increased VO2 Max Results

5 CONCLUSIONS

The conclusion of this study is that the identification

of recovery techniques by adding massage can

increase athletes’ VO2 max rapidly. This is due to

an increase in the circulation of blood and oxygen

throughout the body.

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2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

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