Health Knowledge in Class VII Middle School Students in

Yogyakarta State Middle School 14

Wulan Azva Diana

, Sri Winarni

, Sriawan

Master Program in Sport Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No.1 Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Sport Coaching Department, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No.1 Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Knowledge, Health, Seventh Grade Students

Abstract: The research intends to determine how high the health knowledge of seventh grade students in SMP Negeri

(State Junior High School) 14 Yogyakarta. This research was descriptive research using survey method. The

research instrument was questionnaires with multiple choice test. The samples of the research were the 34

students of seventh grade at SMP Negeri 14 Yogyakarta. The data analysis technique was using descriptive

quantitative data analysis. Based on the result, the health knowledge of the seventh grade students in SMP

Negeri 14 Yogyakarta is mostly on the medium category. 50% of the students were in medium category,

23.52% of the students were in good category, 14.70% of the students were in less category, 8% of the

students were very less category and 2.94% of the students were in very good category.

1 INTRODUCTION

School is one formal forum that tries to carry out the

process of changing behavior through the education

process. Physical education does not only aim to

make students fit, but also has a role to play in

providing health education. Health education is an

effort to teach students how to maintain and respect

the body as a whole by developing and improving

physical, social, and emotional abilities so that they

have an awareness to achieve a healthy life behavior.

Health education is part of the overall health effort

(promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative)

which focuses on efforts to improve healthy living

behaviors (Kriswanto, 2012).

Physical education (PE) is given in junior high

schools which can cover a variety of cognitive,

affective, and psychomotor aspects. These three

aspects can be achieved by various efforts in the

hope that students can experience the best of

learning. The material taught is about the

development of adolescents, balanced diet of healthy

nutrition, and description of mental health because

health does not only consist of physical health but

also psychological health. The vast majority of

studies show evidence of positive associations of

physical activity and mental health measures.

The researcher conducted a series of observation

regarding the knowledge given during the physical

education learning. However, the time to deliver

health education material was very limited so that

the students could not understand the material

delivered by the teacher. Students could not apply

the health knowledge in everyday life. There are still

many students who have not been able to identify

unhealthy food ingredients in their daily lives, there

are still some students who find it difficult to apply

health knowledge have an issue in controlling

emotions and fighting each other. The hope of

giving good health knowledge physically,

psychologically, and also socially is that students

can apply the knowledge in their daily lives and

become wiser individuals in maintaining health.

Therefore, there is a gap between the health

knowledge that has been given, with what they

practise in everyday life, in terms of balanced

healthy nutrition diet, mental health and sustainable

adolescent development. That healthy lifestyle could

make students a better person. Based on the

description above, the researchers wanted to conduct

a study entitled “Health Knowledge in Seventh

Grade at SMP N 14 Yogyakarta". This study aims to

find out how far health knowledge is delivered for

the students.

Diana, W., Winarni, S. and , S.

Health Knowledge in Class VII Middle School Students in Yogyakarta State Middle School 14.

DOI: 10.5220/0009788204350439

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 435-439

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

435

2 RESEARCH METHOD

2.1 Research Type

This research is a descriptive study with a survey

method. The instrument in this study is a

questionnaire in the form of multiple choice

questions. This study describes seventh grade

students’ health knowledge at SMP N 14

Yogyakarta.

2.2 Research Time and Place

This research will be conducted at SMP N 14

Yogyakarta, which is located at Jalan Tentara

Pelajar, Bumijo, Jetis, Yogyakarta City, Yogyakarta

Special Region. The study was conducted on March

2019.

2.3 Research Target/Subject

The population in this study is seventh grade

students, who were in Class VII A, VII B, VII C and

VII D. Each class has 34 students. The researcher

used purposive sampling technique (Suharsimi,

2010) with certain considerations.

2.4 Data, Instrument, Data Collection

Technique

The instrument is a tool that is chosen and used by

researchers in collecting data so that the activity

becomes systematic (Arikunto, 2013). The

instrument in this study was questionnaires. The

questionnaire used in this study is a questionnaire

with close ended questions which answers have been

provided so that the respondent can only choose the

answer that matches his opinion.

Before conducting the trial, the researcher

conducted a validation / expert judgment in this

study with Drs. Sriawan, M.Kes. The trial of the

research instrument was conducted in Yogyakarta

State Middle School 14 with 34 students. Based on

the trial results, it shows that out of 36 questions

there are 4 items that fail, namely numbers 4,9,32

and 35 (r count < r table), the reliability coefficient

is 0,960.

The data needed in this study is in the form of

health knowledge of seventh grade students at SMP

Negeri 14 Yogyakarta. The steps used for data

collection are explained as follows (1) before the

questionnaire was shared, the researcher explained

to the seventh-grade students at SMP N 14

Yogyakarta about the procedure for working on the

question, (2) after all students were clear or

understood about the procedure in working on the

questions, the questions were distributed to all

seventh-grade students who have been agrred to

participate.

2.5 Data Analysis Technique

The data analysis technique used was descriptive

statistical techniques. Descriptive statistics were

used to describe the collected data (Darmadi, 2014).

The analysis used in this study uses quantitative

descriptive techniques with percentages. The

frequency is to find the relative frequency

(percentage) (Sudjiono, 2010) as follows

𝑃 =

𝐹

𝑁

× 100%

(1)

Information:

P = Percentage sought (Relative Frequency)

F = Frequency

N = Number of Respondents

Determination of Score by using Reference Norm

Research (PAN) according to (Syarifudin, 2010) in

Table 1 as follows:

Table 1. Assessment norms

Norms

Categories

> 29,65

2,94

Excellent

26,12 - 29,64

23,53

Good

22,59 - 26,11

Sufficient

19,06 - 22,58

14,71

Less

≤ 19,05

8,82

Very Less

Total

100

Table 2 is presented on the following diagram:

Figure 1: Diagram of health knowledge for junior high

school students in class VII in Yogyakarta State Middle

School 14

Based on the table and figure above, it is known

that health knowledge for seventh grade students in

SMP N 14 Yogyakarta were in different category.

2.94% of the student participants were in the

excellent category, 23.52% of the student

participants were in the good category, 50.00% of

the student participants were in the medium

category, 14.70% of the student participants were in

less category and 8.8% of the student participants

were in a very less category. The dominant result in

health knowledge for seventh grade students in

Yogyakarta State Middle School 14 was medium.

3.1.1 Knowledge Factors on Healthy Diet

Knowledge factors on healthy diet in this study were

measured by 10 statements, with a range of scores 0

to 1. The minimum value = 5, maximum value = 10,

mean value = 7.73, median = 8, and standard

deviation = 1.32. It is presented in the following

diagram.

Figure 2: Knowledge factors on healthy diet diagram

Based on the tables and figures above, it can be

seen that the knowledge factor towards healthy diet

which is included in the excellent category is 5.88%,

in the good category is 23.52%, in the sufficient

category is 32.29%, in less category is 26.47 % and

very less categories at 8.82%.

3.1.2 Mental Health Knowledge Factors

The research resulton mental health knowledge

in this study was measured by 12 items, with a range

of scores 0 to 1. It obtained a minimum value = 6,

the maximum value = 12, the mean value = 10.21,

median = 11, and standard deviation = 1.56. It is

presented in the following diagram

Figure 3: Mental health knowledge factors diagram

0,00%

20,00%

40,00%

60,00%

Very

Less,

8.80%

Less,

14.70%

Sufficient

, 50.00%

Good,

23.52%

Exellenct

2.94%

frequencies

Health Knowledge for Seventh

Grade Students

0,00%

5,00%

10,00%

15,00%

20,00%

25,00%

30,00%

35,00%

40,00%

Very

less,

8.82%

Less

26.47%

Sufficie

nt,

35.29%

Good,

23.52%

Excelle

nt,

5.88%

frekuensi

Knowledge Factors on

Healthy Diet

0,00%

10,00%

20,00%

30,00%

40,00%

50,00%

60,00%

Very

…

Less,

11.76%

Sufficie

nt,

23.52%

Good,

52.94%

Exellent,

0.00%

frequencies

Mental Health Knowledge

Factors

Health Knowledge in Class VII Middle School Students in Yogyakarta State Middle School 14

437

Based on the table and figure above, it is known

that the mental health knowledge factor included in

the excellent category was 0.00%, in the good

category was 52.94%, in the sufficient category was

23.52%, in the less category was 11.76% and the

very less category was very less than 11.76%.

3.1.3 Knowledge on Teenage Development

Factor

The knowledge of adolescent development in this

study was measured by 10 items, with a range of

scores 0 and 1. It obtained a minimum value = 2, a

maximum value = 10, the mean value = 6.41,

median = 6, and standard deviation = 1.94.

Figure 4: Youth development knowledge factors diagram

Based on the tables and figures above, it is

known that the knowledge factors of adolescent

development included in the excellent category was

5.88%, in the good category was 20.58%, in the

sufficient category was 44.11%, in the less category

was 23.52% and in the very less category was less

than 5.88%.

3.2 Discussion

Health knowledge affects health physically,

spiritually and socially, which is known and can

be verified. Health knowledge also includes

healthy lifestyles obtained from observing,

hearing, feeling and can be applied into everyday

life. The results show that the SMP N 14

Yogyakarta students dominnatly have a sufficient

understanding on health knowledge, with a

percentage of 50%. It is found that there are

different characteristics of seventh grade students

in physical education learning process with health

knowledge material. The material which has been

given to seventh grade students affects the

attractiveness of physical education learning.

Some are very interested and vice versa and thus

it might affect the students’ thinking ability. If the

students are interested in health knowledge

material, they will try to listen, seek, and learn so

that they are able to understand the content

material delivered by the teacher. Students lack of

health knowledge, so they have not been able to

apply it in daily life because healthy living will be

applied in daily life if someone has good

knowledge about it. It will further explain how far

is students' knowledge on healthy diet, mental

health knowledge and adolescent development

knowledge. Such good knowledge can support

students' awareness to implement healthy

behaviors.

3.2.1 Healthy Diet Knowledge Factors

Based on the results on healthy diet knowledge,

most of the students were in the sufficient category

(32.29%), which implies that students have

sufficient knowledge about healthy diet. The

students are less interested in knowledge of healthy

diet so that the material explained by the teacher

cannot be accepted by students or students do not

understand what is conveyed by the teacher. The

amount of food information circulating both from

print and social media makes students interested and

will try the food without knowing the ingredients. It

can be seen that the students’ habits of eating

unhealthy foods still exist. There are many students

buying consume junk food (fastfood) or food at

street vendors who usually contain harmful

chemicals and also.

3.2.2 Mental Health Knowledge Factors

The students were mostly in the good category of

mental health knowledge factors with a percentage

of 52.94%. The result implies that most students

have a good understanding of mental health. Mental

health knowledge material provided by the teacher

was largely about behaviors that can be seen by

others and can be felt by oneself in everyday life,

making it easier for students to understand mental

health knowledge. In the learning process, the

teacher provided examples of mental health material

0,00%

5,00%

10,00%

15,00%

20,00%

25,00%

30,00%

35,00%

40,00%

45,00%

Very

Less,

5.88%

Less ,

23.52%

Sufficie

nt,

44.11%

Good,

20.58%

Exellent

, 5.88%

frequencies

Youth Development Knowledge

Factors

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

438

as well as students’ empirical experience in school,

family and community so that students can

understand mental health knowledge well. It allows

students’ physical and psychological development to

run side by side which makes a positive impact on

them.

3.2.3 Teenage Development Knowledge

Factors

The students’ knowledge of adolescent development

were mostly included in the sufficient category with

a percentage of 44.11%. It could imply that most

students have understood physical growth because it

can be observed and seen clearly. Students,

therefore, can easily understand the material

presented by the teacher.

4 CONCLUSIONS AND

SUGGESTIONS

4.1 Conclusions

The results of the research and discussion above

revealed that mostly the health knowledge of

seventh grade students at SMP N 14 Yogyakarta

were dominnatly in sufficient category. The students

who have sufficient health knowledge were 50.00%,

students with good health knowledge were 23.52 %,

students with less health knowledge were 14.70%,

students with very less helath knowledge were

8.00% and students with excellent health

knowledge were 2.94%.

4.2 Suggestions

Based on the conclusions, there are several

suggestions that need to be conveyed. They are (1)

teachers should give the students more exposure in

health knowledge, (2) schools should always pay

attention to students' health knowledgeas,

knowledge could encourage them to enjoy healthy

living, (3) future researchers in this field should use

a wider sample and population, so that the analysis

of health knowledge for

SMP N 14 Yogyakarta

students

could be identified better.

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