An Analysis and Evaluation of the Condition of Superior Sports

Arming Power of Athletes in Kebumen

Subagyo Irianto

, Mansur

, Faidillah Kurniawan

, Herwin

, Risti Nurfadhila

Department of Sports Coaching Education, State University of Yogyakarta, Colombo Street, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Physical condition, Arms power, Analysis and evaluation.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze and evaluate the quality of the practice result through the test and measurement

especially arm power biomotor component in the superior sports event in Kebumen Regency, Central Java.

This study refers to the mixing method research design (evaluation research). There is a statistic descriptive

analysis of arm power which is known that the average arm power of the research subject is 5.57 meters. The

subject lowest power is 2,50 meter, while the maximum arm power reached is 9 meter. The spread of subjects

percentage showed that they mostly have an armed power much less around 13 (54,17%), meanwhile the

other 11 is (45,83%), it includes the low level.The evaluation of data analysis form shown above is one of the

research team recommendations in the practice to increase the arm power by crawling exercises which are

usually done in the form of pairs or you could say the term partner-wheelbarrow. The practice frequency is

3 – 4 times a week with practicing 80 – 90% intensity with 4 times repetition with the number of sets of 3

within a 10m x 2 round trip set with a break time of 1: 4 and interval training 4 in a fast exercise rhythm.

1 INTRODUCTION

One of the basic unsure as a sustaining sports

performance is a good physical condition. It is when

the physical condition is the foundation of the whole

coaching training process component unity.

Therefore, there is still a lot of coaches who have not

realized the important thing of building this basic

foundation, they only think about the drilling skill.

It can be imagined that the athletes should be able

to manage their good performance while playing,

both sports that compete in a relatively very short and

long enough time competition time will be very

draining of energy. There are a lot of biomotor

component aspects that should be considered

especially the open – skill sport which needs the

ability to move in different directions and in a

relatively fast time.

A lot of sports under the supports of the KONI

coordination of Kebumen Regency make energies,

attention and time. Moreover, it is about finance,

facilities, and infrastructure as well as tools and sports

facilities. That is why KONI of Kebumen Regency

starts to focus by setting the superior sports event

which can give medals to Kebumen Regency.

Therefore, in this research, the team tries to

participate in analyzing and evaluating the athlete’s

physical condition under the coordinator of KONI

Kebumen Regency, Province of Central Java

especially in highlighting the components of the

biomotor power arm one of them.

2 THEORY

2.1 Physical Condition Principle

Physical condition is one of the conditions which is

very needed in every effort to develop the athlete’s

achievement, even we can say that it is the basis of

the starting point of a sports performance

achievement, (Sajoto, 1988: 57). Physical condition

is very needed in the football game to support the

player’s skill.

According to Suharno H.P (1981: 13), the general

physical component consists of strength, endurance,

speed, agility, and flexibility, while special physical

components include explosive power, reaction,

stamina, balance, coordination, accuracy, and feeling

according to Tjaliek Soegiardo (1992: 79).

Irianto, S., Mansur, ., Kurniawan, F., Herwin, . and Nurfadhila, R.

An Analysis and Evaluation of the Condition of Superior Sports Arming Power of Athletes in Kebumen.

DOI: 10.5220/0009798205870591

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 587-591

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

587

2.2 Arm Power Principle

Explosive power is an athlete's ability to overcome

obstacles with high strength and contraction speed.

This explosive power is needed in some acyclic

movements (Harre, 1982:16).

The ability to work muscles (effort) is in units of

time (seconds). The quality of power will be reflected

from the muscle strength and muscle speed elements

in exercising maximum power to overcome

resistance. According to Harsono (1988: 200),

strength is the ability of muscles to direct maximum

strength, in a very fast time. The form of motion of

power is explosive, therefore all forms of biomotor

power and speed training can be a form of training.

Ismaryati (2009: 59) states that “power consist of

strength and speed of dynamic and explosive muscle

contraction and also consist of spending maximum

muscle strength and as soon as possible”. Almost the

same with Witarsa, quoted by Argubi Silwan (2009:

7) said that: “power or explosive power is the ability

of muscles to exercise maximum strength in a fast

time. Therefore, the power is a level of physical

condition that is higher than that power. Power is a

combination of strength and speed”.

Therefore, arm muscle power is the muscle skill

in the arms area to exercise the maximum strength in

the very fast and maximum time.

2.3 Arm Muscle Component

A muscle is one of organ or tools, which allows the

body contract. Skeletal muscles are usually linked in

two certain places, the strongest place is called origo

and the one which can be moved is called insertion.

Origo is considered a place in which muscles arise

and an insertion is a place where muscles walk.

The last place is the structure which provides the

connection which should be moved by that muscle.

So the motion is moved by the muscle contraction

occurred from insertion to the origo. Hinge is the

meeting between two bones, but not all of it allows

movements. According to Evelyn C. Pearce (2002:

87), hinge or articulatio is the term used to designate

a meeting between two or more skeletal bones. Hinge

is categorized into three groups, which are: (a)

Fibrosa Hinge or dead joints, (b) Cartilagionous

Hinge or joints move slightly, and (c) Synovial hinge

or hinge that move freely.

3 ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION

PRINCIPLE

3.1 Analysis

According to KBBI (2002: 43), “Analysis is the

decomposition of a subject on various parts and a

review of the part itself and the relationship between

parts to obtain an appropriate meaning and

understanding of the overall meaning ". Komaruddin

stated (2001: 53) states that “Analysis is a thinking

activity to decompose of a whole to become a

component so that it can realize the component signs,

the relationship between each function in the whole

integrated”. The conclusion is that the analysis is “the

thinking activity to decompose a subject into parts or

components so that the characteristics or signs of each

part can be known, then the relationship with each

other and the functions of each part of the whole.

3.2 Evaluation

Mehren and Lehman, (1987) said that “Evaluation is

a process of planning to obtain, and provide

information which is very needed to make alternative

decisions ". Wayan Nurkancana also says that

“Evaluation is an action or a process to decide the

value of something”. Therefore, it can be concluded

that evaluation is a process to assess something

related to progress, growth, development in order to

achieve educational goals and can be in the form of

collecting the evidence and assessing whether the

competency has been achieved or not.

4 RESEARCH METHOD

This study refers to the mixed research method (mix

method), in which this research method collaborates

concepts that are quantitative or qualitative with the

research design is evaluative research. This research

would produce an output in the form of

recommendation formulas from the results of the

overall data analysis which also covers the analysis of

the overall field study, where the analysis research is

the one in which the design starts from theory and

ends in fact (Hariwijaya, Triton P.B., 2005: 21).

In accordance with the opinions expressed by

Michael, William B and Isaac, Stephen (1984: 1-2)

"research and evaluation studies stand or fall

recording to how well they measure up to established

scientific standards of excellence", namely research

that is evaluation studies or record an error as to how

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

588

they can measure for the perfection of scientific

standard stabilization. Beside, that qualitative

evaluative which is a process of understanding based

on investigation with a real methodological tradition

which then evaluates the results of the analysis of a

human or social problem.

5 RESULTS

This research refers to the mixed research, in which

the method is collaborating the concept of both

quantitative and qualitative, and this research design

is evaluative research. It would produce outputs in the

form of recommendation formulas from the results of

the overall data analysis which also covers the

analysis of the overall field study, where the analysis

research is research which its design starts from the

theory and ends in fact (Hariwijaya, Triton P.B.,

2005: 21).

Based on the argument explained by Michael,

William B, and Isaac, Stephen (1984: 1 – 2) state that

“research and evaluation studies stand or fall

recording to how well they measure up to established

scientific standards of excellence”. Other than that,

the evaluative qualitative is a process of

understanding based on the investigation with the real

tradition methodology then it evaluates the result of

human or social problem analysis.

The arm power data can be gotten from the

shocking test. The following is a description of the

arm power data of the subjects.

Tabel 1: Arm Power Statistic Data Description.

Information

Score (meter)

Average

5, 57

Modus

5,00

Deviation Standard

1,88

Minimum

2,50

Maximum

9,00

Based on the arm power statistic descriptive table,

it showed that the average of the subject is 5,57

meters. The lowest arm power of the subject is 2,50

meters, while the maximum is 9 meters.

From the research data obtained, it can be seen

that the arms power level of the superior athletes in

Kebumen Regency, Central Java Province. The

following is the distribution of the arm's power level

of the subjects.

Table 2: Power Arm Research Subjects Category.

Category

Interval

(m)

Interval

(f)

f (n)

Very

Good

>14,32 m

>11,49 m

Good

11,76–

14,32 m

10,04–

9,34 m

Fair

10,49–

5,39 m

9,34–

8,49 m

Less

10,49–

5,93 m

8,49–

5,94 m

45,83

Very Less

, 5, 93 m

<5, 94 m

54,17

Based on the table above, it can be seen that the

subjects majority have the very less arm power level

in the number of 13 (54.17%) people, while 11 other

people (45.83%) were included in the level of less.

The following is a histogram of the superior athlete’s

arm power category for Kebumen Regency, Central

Java province

Figure 1: Histogram Percentage of Power Level

Distribution of Superior Athletes in in Kebumen Regency,

Central Java Province.

6 DISCUSSIONS

Based on the research data description explained in

the previous sub-chapter, it can be seen that the

athletes’ biomotor in superior sports in Kebumen

Regency, Central Java province, especially the arm

power components are still in the category of less and

very less, so it needs to be improved again to achieve

maximum performance. This condition is a portrait of

how big the results of training from athletes who are

trained. The bad physical conditions that are less than

the maximum is influenced by several factors.

The evaluation of some of the biomotor

components presented is still limited, so here the

research team recommends several training program

menus which able to increase the arm power

components presented as follows.

An Analysis and Evaluation of the Condition of Superior Sports Arming Power of Athletes in Kebumen

589

One of the way to have the power well is by

plyometrics training program. Plyometrics training is

a method for increasing explosive power. Plyometric

exercises have the unique keys, there are special

characteristics namely like the existence of muscle

contractions that are very strong so that the response

occurs from dynamic loading or rapid strain of the

muscles involved.

To have build the arm power quality well for the

branch of athlete in Kebumen District of Central Java

Province, the research team’s recommendations were

that in this training to increase the arm power is like

the crawling exercises which usually done in the form

of pairs or you could say partner-wheelbarrow,

medicine ball and clapping push up. The following

below describes how to practice it.

6.1 Partner-wheelbarrow Training

Program

Figure 2: Partner – wheelbarrow.

This crawling partner exercise is a walking practice

with two hands with the feet position held by a friend.

That crawling exercises can be done also by yourself

by replacing the person holding the legs of the person

trying to use a simple tool (hanging the feet on a rope

that has been tied). The frequency of exercise is 3

(three) times a week.

Table 3: The example of Increasing Arm Power Training 1.

Intensity

Volume

Repetitio

Distance

Recovery

Interval

Rhythm

80– 90%

Set 1

10 m x

2pp

1; 4

Fast

Set 2

Set 3

6.2 Medicine Ball Training Program

Figure 3: Medicine Ball Training.

Medicine ball training is a form of exercise consisting

of a series of movements to throw a medicine ball that

starts from the back of the head up and upright body,

both hands holding the ball behind the head with a

fast movement of the ball thrown forward.

Medicine ball can develop arm muscles to get the

same stimulation in the form of 2 kg medicine ball

weight. This form of exercise stimulates various

changes in muscles and increases the ability of

muscle groups to respond quickly and strongly

(Ishak, 2012).

Table 4: The example of Increasing Arm Power Training 2.

Intensity

Volume

Repetiti

Reco

very

Inter

val

Rhythm

80– 90%

3 Sets

1; 4

Fast

These frequency of exercise is 3 (three) times a

week.

6.3 Clapping Push up Training

Program

Figure 4: Clapping Push Up Training.

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

590

Clapping push up is a form of weight training which

is done by weighting with the addition of clapping

movements of the palms when hovering or jumping.

Push up exercises are used to develop wrist and hand

muscles, elbow muscles (triceps brachii and

anconeus), shoulder muscles (anterior deltoid) and

chest muscles (pectoralis major and minor)

(Hermawan, 1995: 37 ).

Table 5: The example of Increasing Arm Power Training 3.

Intensity

Volume

Rep

etiti

Recovery

Inter

val

Rhythm

80– 90%

3 Sets

1; 4

Fast

The frequency of exercise is 3 (three) times a

week.

7 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the result obtained with the data analysis

and hypothesis testing and several supported

theoretical studies, it can be concluded that: 1) The

athlete’s biomotor component in superior sport in

Kebumen Regency, Province of Central Java

especially the arm power is still in the category of less

and very less, so it needs to be increased to reach the

maximum achievement. This condition is a portrait of

how big the results of training from athletes who are

trained; 2) From the record, the evaluation is needed

to some biomotor components which still less or even

very less, so here, the research team recommends

some menus of the training program so it can increase

the arm power component, which is crawling

exercise, which usually done by partner or partner –

wheelbarrow, medicine ball training and clapping

push up training.

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