The Nutrient Status and Physical Health Level of the Eleventh Grade

Students of Special Sports based High School

Muhammad Ferdian Nur Faldin

, F. X. Sugiyanto

Master Program of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No. 1 Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords: Nutrient Status, Physical Health of The Eleventh Grade Students

Abstract: This study actually aimed at finding out some matters especially for the eleventh graders of Special Sports

Based School of SMA N 1 Tanjungsari. This research was descriptive analysis by using survey design and

testing and measurement techniques. The data of nutrient status were obtained by using the formula of Body

Mass Index (IMT) whereas the data of physical health were obtained from TKJI for age 16 to 19. The

subjects of this research consisted of 62 students. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive

statistics analysis of percentage. This research resulted in that 53,23% (33 students) or most of the students

were at the normal category of nutrient status level, 29,03% (18 students) at the thin category, 9,68% (6

students) at overweight category, 8,06% (5 students) at obese risk category, and 0% at obese category.

Therefore, the level of the students’ physical health was categorized as follows: 58,06% (36 students) at the

medium category, 38,71% (24 students) at the low category, 3,23% (2 students) at the good category, and

0% at the low and very good category.

1 INTRODUCTION

SMA N 1 Tanjungsari in Gunungkidul is one of the

schools which have sports class called as SBI-O

(Special Sports Based School). The aim of this class

development is to provide one of the platforms for

the students to get their best achievement and to

express their skills related to sports since the

students’ achievement is not merely about academic

field, but it is also about physical skills. Those skills

are special gifts which are not owned by all people.

Sports class in SMAN 1 Tanjungsari is the class

that trains a lot of athletes in Gunungkidul. The

produced athletes have got many achievements even

in national level. Thus, they have also become the

first winner in every competition held for the

students. Therefore, there is no doubt that SMAN 1

Tanjungsari becomes the pioneer of sports class

which focuses on training the outstanding students.

Exercising within or apart from school time is a

hard activity. A good level of physical activity

should be promoted to children of all ages through

organized sports, leisure, and everyday habits

(Branca and Valuence, 2001). Someone who has

hard time to exercise is supposed to have good

physical health since it is a basic part for a person to

do physical activities gradually in long period

without rising up fatigue.

 Another important aspect

which influences someone’s health is nutritional

status. It is determined by food consumption and use

of nutrients in the body. When the body gets enough

nutrients and is used efficiently it will reach a

nutritional status which can support physical growth,

brain development, work ability and health at the

possibly highest level (Almatsir, 2002).

A person with good physique actually does not

exactly mean that he/she has healthy body, and on

the other way around, a healthy person does not

exactly mean he/she has good physique. Physical

fitness is the ability of someone to conduct their

daily works efficiently without getting excessive

fatigue so he/ she can enjoy their free time (Irianto,

204). The factors which affect a person's level of

physical fitness are as follows: (1) age, (2) gender,

(3) food, (4) sleep and rest, (5) physical activities

and sports (Suharjana, 2008). Physical fitness factors

which can affect a person's level of physical fitness

are: (1) food, (2) rest, (3) exercise (Irianto, 2004).

Those statements prove that people do not only need

healthy body but also need physical health that is

Nur Faldin, M. and Sugiyanto, F.

The Nutrient Status and Physical Health Level of the Eleventh Grade Students of Special Sports based High School.

DOI: 10.5220/0009803007410746

In Proceedings of the 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science in conjunction with the 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports

(YISHPESS and CoIS 2019), pages 741-746

ISBN: 978-989-758-457-2

741

supported by the level of nutrient status. This

healthy status must be achieved from what we

consume every day besides being used as our energy

source. Therefore, by doing many sports activities in

SBI-O class, the students need to be able to restore

the energy that has been used.

Based on the observations conducted in the

chosen school, most of the students come from the

families with low economical level because the area

where the live lacks of water and suffers from

drought during the dry season. For this, people there

who mostly work as farmers or breeders found it

difficult to make use of the lands for farming

activities. Like it or not, these conditions will

influence the nutrient status and food consumption

of the society.

On top all of these, there has not been any

research conducted to know the students’ level of

physical health and nutrient status including the

students of the eleventh grade. Therefore, a related

research needs to be carried out to find out the

students’ physical health and nutrient status

optimally. By doing so, it is expected that the

teachers, especially the sports teachers or trainers,

are able to have the data of the students’ condition

related to the level of nutrient status and physical

health for each student.

2 RESEARCH METHOD

2.1 Research Design

This research was descriptive analysis which

employs survey method with test and measurement

techniques. There was no certain treatment

conducted toward the variables of the research, and

it was only illustrated by the recent situation. Added

to this, this research was done without hypothesis

testing, and included in the independent variable

research category because it related between one

variable to other variables.

2.2 Research Setting

This research was done from September to October

2016, and the data were collected on Tuesday,

October 11, 2016 from 07.30 to 10.30 at SMA N 1

Tanjungsari.

2.3 The Research Population

The population of this research included 62 eleventh

grade students of SMA N 1 Tanjungsari,

Gunungkidul, who belonged to SBI-O class. When

the number of research subject or population is less

than 100, it is important to take all of them

(Arikunto, 2005). Therefore, this research involved

those 62 eleventh grade students of sports class as

the samples.

2.4 Data, Instruments, and Collecting

Data Technique

To find out the level of nutrient status and the

physical health of the SBI-O students, some tests

and measurements of nutrient status were conducted

by measuring the weight and height with IMT

formula, then the level of physical health was

measured by using TKJI (Tes Kebugaran Jasmani

Indonesia) or Indonesian Physical Health Test.

2.5 Data Analysis Technique

2.5.1 Nutrient Status

The analysis was done by using descriptive analysis

with percentage. It was done by determining the

percentage of the achievement of standard weight

compared to the height (weight/height).

Table 1: Threshold category of IMT (Ministry of National

Education, 2010).

Category IMT Frequency (%)

Thin < 18,5 18 29,03

Normal 18,5 – 22,9 33 53,23

Overweight 23,0 – 24,9 6 9,68

Obese Risk 25,0 – 29,9 5 8,06

Obese > 30,0 0 0

Total number 62 100

2.5.2 Physical Health

The data analysis technique used in this research

was descriptive technique with percentage. The

obtained data were consulted into the table of value

for each category in Indonesian Physical Health Test

(TKJI) for the age between 16 and 19. To measure

the level of physical health, each point of the test

was analyzed by using norm table of TKJI to decide

the classification of the physical health level. The

value and norm can be seen below.

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

742

Table 2: The value of TKJI for men aged 16 to 19 (The Center for the Development of Physical Quality, 2010).

60m Run Body Lifting Sitting down Jumping upright 1200m Run Value

Less –7,2” 19-up 41-up 73-up less – 3’14” 5

7,3” – 8,3” 14-18 30-40 60-73 3’15”-4’25” 4

8,4” - 9,6” 9-13 21-29 50-59 4’26”-5’12” 3

9,7”– 11,0” 5-8 10-20 39-49 5’13”-6’33” 2

11,1”and so on 0-4 0-9 38 and so on 6’34” and so on 1

Table 3: The value of TKJI for women aged 16 to 19 (The Center for the Development of Physical Quality, 2010).

60m Run Body Lifting Sitting down Jumping upright 1200m Run Value

less – 8,4” 41-up 28-up 50-up less – 3’52” 5

8,5” – 9,8” 22”-40” 20-28 39-49 3’53”-4’46” 4

9,9” – 11,4” 10”-21” 10-19 31-38 4’57”-5’58” 3

11,5” –13,4” 3”-9” 3-9 23-30 5’59”-7’23” 2

13,5” and so on 0”-2” 0-2 22 and so on 7’24” and so on 1

The total value from the five test points above

was input into norm table of physical health to

decide the category level of the physical health. The

norm table of TKJI for the age 16 to 19 can be seen

further.

Table 4: TKJI category (The Center for the Development

of Physical Quality, 2010).

No Total value

The classification of health

category

1 22-25 Very good

2 18-21 Good

3 14-17 Medium

4 10-13 Low

5 5-9 Very low

The data analysis technique used in this research

was descriptive technique with percentage. The

formula to measure the percentage was as follows:

P = × 100 %

(1)

Notes:

P: Percentage

NK: Total number of subjects in each group

N: Total number of subjects in the population

3 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

3.1 The Research Finding of Nutrient

Status

The result of the statistical descriptive analysis on

the nutrient status level of the eleventh grade

students in the SBI-O class consisting of 62 students

showed the maximum value of 29.73, the minimum

value of 16.11, the mean of 20.49, the median of

19.98, the modus of 17.93, and the standard

deviation of 2.80. The description of these results

can be seen below.

Table 5: The distribution of research findings of nutrient

status (Ministry of National Education, 2010).

Category IMT Frequency (%)

Thin < 18,5 18 29,03

Normal 18,5 – 22,9 33 53,23

Overweight 23,0 – 24,9 6 9,68

Obese Risk 25,0 – 29,9 5 8,06

Obese > 30,0 0 0

Total number 62 100

The table above could also be seen from the

diagram below.

Figure 1: The diagram of nutrient status frequency

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

Category1

Thin,

29.03%

Normal,

53.23%

Overwe

ight,

9.68%

Obese

risk,

8.06%

Obese,

0.00%

Frequency

NutrientStatus

The Nutrient Status and Physical Health Level of the Eleventh Grade Students of Special Sports based High School

743

Based on the table and diagram above, it could

be seen that the level of nutrient status of the

eleventh grade students in sports class of SMAN 1

Tanjungsari was categorized normal (53.23% or 33

students). Then, it was followed by the thin category

(29.03% or 8 students), overweight category (9.68%

or 6 students), obese risk category (8.06% or 5

students), and obese category that (0%). From these

results, it could be concluded that the level of the

students’ nutrient status was categorized normal.

3.2 The Research Finding of Physical

Health Level

The result of the statistical descriptive analysis on

the nutrient status level of the eleventh grade

students in the SBI-O class consisting of 62 students

showed the maximum value of 20, the minimum

value of 10, the mean of 13.85, the median of 14, the

modus of 14, and the standard deviation of 2.11. The

description of these results can be seen below.

Table 6: The distribution of research findings of physical

health

Interval

Class

Category Frequency Percentage

22 – 25 Very good 0 0

18 – 21 Good 2 3,23

14 – 17 Medium 36 58,06

10 – 13 Low 24 38,71

5 – 9 Very Low 0 0

Total number 62 100

he table above could also be seen from the

diagram below.

Figure 2: The diagram of physical health level

Based on the table and diagram above, it could

be seen that the level of physical health of the

eleventh grade students in sports class of SMAN 1

Tanjungsari was categorized as medium level

(58.06% or 36 students). Then, it was followed by

low category (38.71% or 24 students), good category

(3.23% or 2 students), very good category and very

low categories (0%). From these results, it could be

concluded that the level of the students’ physical

health was categorized medium.

3.3 Discussions on the Nutrient Status

Nutrient status is a body condition as the result of

consuming foods, and the use of nutrients substance

which is divided into bad, fairly good, good and very

good nutrients (Kusimawati, 2010). Every person

actually has different nutrient status. Based on the

research, it was known that most of the eleventh

grade students (53.23% or 33 students) in special

sports class at SMAN 1 Tanjungsari belonged to the

nutrient status level of normal category. This result

fulfilled the expectation that basically the good

nutrient status was normal. This normal nutrient

status also indicated that most of the students had

good balance between weight and height. It further

means that they were able to implement the balanced

lifestyles and keep the condition of normal nutrient

status. Good nutrient status can be obtained by

consuming foods and nutrients which are balanced

for body (Mu’arifah, 2007). Otherwise, the bad

nutrients can be caused by consuming foods which

are not balanced or with inadequate amount of

nutrients. Then, excessive nutrients are caused by

consuming foods more excessively compared to

what is needed by the body.

Based on the research, it can be known that the

number of the students belonging to the thin

category was (29.03%). It means that some students

had unbalanced weight and height. In this case, the

less nutrient status of the students refers to those

whose body weight was low.

Moreover, based on the observation conducted at

SMAN 1 Tanjungsari, most people living in

Tanjungsari sub-district come from low economical

level. It was assumed that this area lacked of water

and suffered from drought. This condition and the

geographical position, was believed to be able to

give influence to the nutrient status of its society

especially for the children.

Otherwise, 6 students (9,68%) belonged into

overweight category and 5 students (8,06%)include

into obese risk. This result means that some of the

students were overweight leading into the

YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

744

overweight nutrient status. Most likely the

nutritional status of these students was well fulfilled

but it was not balanced with good activities.

Regarding the results of nutrient status of the

students in the special sports class, there were

several students belonging to overweight and thin

category. It can be caused by the different

economical level of the family and the bad lifestyle

carried out by every individual. Unfortunately, the

data were obtained from the students of special

sports class (SBI-O) of SMAN 1 Tanjungsari.

Regardless of these matters it can be said that the

some students of SBI-O still belonged to overweight

and thin categories of nutrient status. On the other

hand, the skills in mastering one of the sports fields

become one of the requirements why this school

accepts the new students. It means that entering the

special sports class in this school must pass the skill

test of sports field and they will be chosen by the

trainers that teach in several fields of sports in

SMAN 1 Tanjungsari.

Nutrient status of a person can be influenced by

the healthy lifestyle. The healthy lifestyle consists of

diet, activity, body cleanliness, and sleep pattern.

Good and bad nutrient status can be influenced by

some factors that can effect and support the

children’ nutrient status to be suitable with their

needs. Besides, consuming food everyday can also

influence the nutrient status and must be supported

by routine activities.

Nutritious food is the food that contains the

substances needed by the body such as carbohydrate,

protein, fat, mineral, vitamin, and water. The

function of nutritious food is producing energy

substances, builder substances, and controller

substances. The energy sources are needed by body

to do daily routines, so the adequate and good

nutrients will maintain the body to do the activities.

The lack of energy will cause the weakness of the

body, and the body is not able to do the activities

well. Therefore, in order to fulfill the needs of

energy sources, people have to arrange their diet

well. The good diet is regularity of hygienic and

nutritious meals by taking into account the time and

ingredients of the foods.

3.4 The Level of Physical Health

Based on the research results above, it can be stated

that 36 (58.06%) students belonged to the physical

health level of medium category. It means that the

eleventh grade students at special sports class of

SMAN 1 Tanjungsari have enough health and

physical activities in their daily life. The physical

daily activities of the students will influence their

physical health; the harder the physical activity is

done, the better the physical health is got. Medium

physical health means that most of the students only

do the activities which are done daily. These

activities are not enough yet to maintain their

physical health better.

Moreover, this research also shows that 38.71%

of the students belonged to the low category. It is

relatively a big number. The observation concluded

that most of the students lacked of physical

activities. Although this school has become the

special sports based school, it does not mean that

this school can ensure the students’ physical health

is always in a good condition. In this case, many

factors can influence the students’ level of physical

health. Possibly, the lack of seriousness in carrying

out each TKJI test, lack of resting time in receiving

heavy exercise activities that makes the students

become fatigue and other factors can influence the

students’ physical health. Therefore, the activities

done every day are not enough yet to support the

physical health of their bodies. This needs to be

supported by gradual and controlled exercises both

in extracurricular activities and exercises within or

apart from the school times.

In addition, 3.23% or 2 students belonged to the

good category. It is actually the expected condition

as the students of SBI-O since they must belong to

the good category. This category means that the

students have good condition to do some exercises.

These exercises are done not only in the school but

also at home, such as playing football, playing

badminton, and running as daily routines.

The principle of the exercise is the process of

changing to be better, such as increasing the physical

quality, the ability of the body function, and the

psychic quality. The harder the physical activity is

done, the better the physical health is got. To

achieve the good physical health needs routines to

increase the students’ physical health.

Besides, other factors that can influence the level

of physical health of the students are food, rest,

living habit and environment. In the process of the

body growth and development, these matters

become the main roles to be maintained to get good

physical health, and it also gets the support from the

school since the physical health has an important

role to help the students’ achievement of Physical

Education and other physical activities.

Eating habit becomes one of the supporting

factors of physical health. The good foods are the

nutritious foods that can influence the level of

physical health. Consuming the nutritious foods can

The Nutrient Status and Physical Health Level of the Eleventh Grade Students of Special Sports based High School

745

make the energy balanced. Therefore, it can make

our body healthy and fit. All this time, the students

of elementary school still buy food carelessly; the

unhealthy foods will make their body limp fast.

Besides, their motivation to learn and do some

activities reduces, and their body endurance also

decreases.

4 CONCLUSION AND

SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

Based on the data analysis and explanation in the

previous chapter, it could be seen that the level of

nutrient status of the eleventh grade students in

sports class of SMAN 1 Tanjungsari was categorized

normal (53.23% or 33 students). Then, it was

followed by the thin category (29.03% or 8

students), overweight category (9.68% or 6

students), obese risk category (8.06% or 5 students),

and obese category that (0%).

In addition, 58.06%, of the students belonged

into medium category of the physical health, 38.

71% belonged to the low category, and the other

3.23% belonged to the good category.

4.2 The Implication of the Research

Finding

Based on the conclusions above, the implications of

the research are as follows: (1) It can be used as the

information source regarding with the data about the

nutrient status and physical health level of the

eleventh grade students of SBI-O at SMAN 1

Tanjungsari. (2) The data of nutrient status and

physical health of the eleventh grade students of

SBI-O at SMAN 1 Tanjungsari can be used as clear

the description for the students, teachers, and school

parties of SMAN 1 Tanjungsari.

4.3 Suggestion

Regarding the research result, it can be presented

some suggestions as follows: (1) For the students

who have lack of physical health, it is suggested that

they could improve it by keeping their physical

condition and diet and doing intensive physical

exercises. (2) For the students who lacked of nutrient

status, it is suggested that they must keep their diet

and enhance it by consuming nutritious foods, and

the students who have overweight must increase the

physical activities to make the lifestyle balanced. (3)

For the next researchers, they can do the research

with wider population and different sample, so the

nutrient status and physical health can be identified

even more.

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YISHPESS and CoIS 2019 - The 3rd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS

2019) in conjunction with The 2nd Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2019)

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