Development of Agrotourism Potential Salak Pondoh in Sleman Regency

based on Geographical Indication Rights: Case Study of Geographical

Indication Protection Community at Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja

(KPIG-SPS) Sleman Regency

Susilo Budi Winarno

, Tuti Panghastuti

, Endro Isnugroho

and Andhyka Murti

STIE “Pariwisata API” Yogyakarta, Jl. Glendongan TB XV No. 15B Catur Tunggal, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Keywords:

agrotourism, geographical indication, training, certiﬁcate.

Abstract:

Agrotourism based on Geographical Indication of Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja is a product of exclusive natural

wealth, a subsystem of special interest tourism that is very relevant in an effort to increase farmers’ economic

sources while protecting land with potential Geographical Indications (GI) as national economic assets and

can be a factor in maximizing the empowerment of natural and human resources that have the potential to

create new employment opportunities. With the existence of the Geographical Indication Right (GIR) on the

product of ”Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja” the reputation of the region will naturally be lifted. On the other

hand, the supporting factors in the form of natural beauty, traditional knowledge of the community and bio-

logical resources will have a positive impact on the development of agrotourism. To support the development

of agro-tourism based on Geographical Indications of Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja, standardization and qual-

ity assurance of agro-tourism management for tourist destination objects are required through FS-GAP and

FS-IPM training to obtain register certiﬁcates and advanced training to obtain further certiﬁcates (organic cer-

tiﬁcates). Furthermore, SOP-GAP is an implementation standard that is implemented and used as the main

benchmark uniformly and enviably for all farmer groups incorporated in the ’Prima Sembada’ association

members who are members of the Salak Ponodoh Sleman Geographical Protection Community (KPIG-SPS)

to provide guarantees towards the quality of salak cultivation, production and marketing processes that are

integratedly an instrument that supports the development of agro-tourism based on Geographical Indications.

The research methodology used in this study is descriptive analysis method to explore the preferences of con-

sumers and producers. This research is aimed at increasing added value and power for the use of Geographical

Indication Rights (GIR) on the product of ” Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja”. The results of this study indicate

that the tendency towards organic products ” Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja ” attracts the enthusiasm of farmers

in Geographical Indication Rights (HIG) based agrotourism development.

1 INTRODUCTION

Agro-based geographic indications are special

tourism activities to areas or agricultural locations

whose products are well known for their superior

quality and characteristics. The reputation of prod-

uct excellence is strongly inﬂuenced by natural

conditions, land quality, and human culture. The

development of agro-tourism based on Geographical

Indications is very relevant in an effort to increase

the source of economic income of farmers while

protecting the land with the potential of Geographical

Indications as national economic assets. Because the

central point of the visit area of agro-tourism is the

original location of the product. Farming methods

that will be demonstrated using traditional concepts

that have socio-cultural dimensions - ancestral

religion which are passed down from generation to

generation which then crystallize into local keariif

ensure the continuity of product traceability. The

selection of superior seeds refers to the decisions of

local peasant institutions, planting methods, pre- and

post-harvest techniques are unique daily behaviors

that are only found in people’s lives in the area of

certain Geographical Indications. The series of tour

packages with agro-tourism packaging indirectly

represents the implementation of the obligations of

the owner of the Geographical Indication Rights to

maintain the existence of Geographical Indication

factors. Communicative Indication Rights require

300

Winarno, S., Panghastuti, T., Isnugroho, E. and Murti, A.

Development of Agrotourism Potential Salak Pondoh in Sleman Regency based on Geographical Indication Rights: Case Study of Geographical Indication Protection Community at Salak

Pondoh Sleman Jogja (KPIG-SPS) Sleman Regency.

DOI: 10.5220/0009868803000305

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Creative Economics, Tourism and Information Management (ICCETIM 2019) - Creativity and Innovation Developments for Global

Competitiveness and Sustainability, pages 300-305

ISBN: 978-989-758-451-0

farmers, producers, consumers, and the government

to work together to create a code of agricultural

practice in accordance with the agreement of local

farmer institutions so that agricultural sustainability

and product quality are maintained (Ramli., 2017).

Geographical Indication based agrotourism concepts

become knowledge for consumers about the process

and guarantee of reputation, as well as product quality

that will give birth to consumer loyalty. Increasing

the scale of production will have an impact on the

economic welfare of farmers (FAUZA MAYANA SH,

2018).

From the Geographical Indication-based agro-

tourism context, Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja is a

product of exclusive natural wealth, has received

protection marks from origin or Geographical Indi-

cations with IG certiﬁcate No.ID G 000 000 020

(YOLANDA, 2017), which is given to the Indication

Protection Community Geographical-Salak Pondoh

Sleman (KPIG-SPS) by the Minister of Law and Hu-

man Rights based on Law Number 51 Year 2001 con-

cerning the brand jo. Government Regulation Num-

ber 51 of 2017 concerning geographical indications

on 27 August 2013 with the name of the geographical

indication ”Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja ”, which is

salak with the type of pondoh produced in the Sleman

regency of Yogyakarta Special Province (Winarno,

2018). From the substance aspect of the product

protection ”Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja” through the

registration system of Geographical Indications not

only related to the concept of protection of Intellec-

tual Property Rights (IPR), especially Brand protec-

tion, but also related to the concept of Bio Diversity

as a genetic source (Djaja, 2013). Geographical in-

dication (GI) as one of the protective labeling forms

used to indicate the origin of products can act as an

indirect means of rural development which explains a

dominant relationship between GI and sustainable ru-

ral development that can generate economic and so-

cial beneﬁts for rural areas. Where that GI is use-

ful for implementation as a tool for rural develop-

ment (Williams et al., 2009). Geographical indication

protection can provide beneﬁts for the protection of

typical traditional products from developing countries

such as Indonesia as an instrument that is useful in the

efforts of rural development (Petit and Ilbert, 2015).

2 RESEARCH METHODS

The method used in this research is descriptive re-

search which aims to make a systematic, factual and

accurate description of the facts, and the character-

istics of a particular regional population. Descrip-

tive research is not intended to test certain hypothe-

ses, but only describes variables and conditions as

they are. Sampling in this study was carried out ran-

domly at Salak Pondoh Sleman Farmers who were

gathered in the Community of Geographical Protec-

tion of Salak Sleman Pondoh (KPIG-SPS) consisting

of sub-districts (Pakem, Turi, Tempel) in Sleman Re-

gency. The data used in this study are primary data

and secondary data. The primary data used in this

study was obtained directly through ﬁeld research in-

cluding structured observation and interview activi-

ties (May 2019). Secondary data used in this study is

data obtained through library studies.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The ownership of the Geographical Indication Rights

(GIR) certiﬁcate obtained by KPIG-SPS Sleman Re-

gency has a substantial effect to encourage agro-

tourism development. The birth of initiation for the

development of agrotourism resulted in the market-

ing of ’Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja’ products both in

the domestic and foreign markets, which in turn gave

birth to the desire of the community to travel with spe-

cial interests, namely to be able to tour and see the

process cultivation land management, production and

marketing processes. This then led to the desire of

members of the Salak Pondoh Sleman (SPS) farmer

association to develop agro-tourism hamlets and vil-

lages which began in 2015 by utilizing member gar-

dens as tourist destinations so that tourists can directly

participate in salak picking, studying the management

process of cultivation land, production and marketing

processes. Because there are still many obstacles in

agro-tourism management, then in 2019 the district

tourism ofﬁce sleman conducts a review of the devel-

opment of hamlets and agro-tourism villages which

then produces:

1. Guidance on Trumpon agro-village manage-

ment established since 2015 and managed by

the Merdikorejo village government by utilizing

member gardens incorporated in the salak pondoh

sleman jogja association under the association of

KPIG-SPS sleman as a tourist destination by uti-

lizing Merapi viewing post as a tourist attraction

icon.

2. Guidance of hamlets and agro-tourism villages

formed in 2019 include: ledok nongko tourism

hamlets managed by sicantik farmer groups man-

aged by the bangunkerto village government,

ploso kuning tourism village, pule wulung pule-

sari tourism village, and Wonosari tourist village

Development of Agrotourism Potential Salak Pondoh in Sleman Regency based on Geographical Indication Rights: Case Study of

Geographical Indication Protection Community at Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja (KPIG-SPS) Sleman Regency

301

all of which are available in the district of turi sle-

man regency.

To develop hamlet and agro-tourism villages as

tourist destinations, community gardens must have a

registration certiﬁcate (certiﬁcate register) that is in-

corporated in the Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja Associ-

ation under the guidance of KPIG-SPS. Requirements

for community gardens to be incorporated into sleman

KPIG-SPS association members, namely:

1. Community gardens must be incorporated into

farmer groups.

2. articipating in Field Schools (FS) in two stages,

namely:

(a) Participated in the FS-GAP (Good Agriculture

Proces) training for training in the cultivation of

salak pondoh correctly from the sleman district

agriculture ofﬁce as much as 8-10 meetings.

Training procedures starting from the submis-

sion to the training process and the end of the

overall training are carried out by each farmer

group.

(b) Following the training of FS-IPM (Integrated

Pest Management) as many as 8-10 meetings

from the department of agriculture and BPTP

DIY province. Training procedures starting

from the submission to the training process and

the end of the overall training are carried out by

each farmer group.

c. After following the training process, the farmer

groups are given the opportunity to conduct gar-

den management for 3-4 months following the

procedures contained in the SOP-GAP that have

been mutually agreed upon between the farmer

groups and the district agriculture service, the

provincial agriculture ofﬁce and BPTP.

d. After the management of the garden ends for a pe-

riod of 3-4 months then an inspection by the DIY

provincial agricultural ofﬁce is carried out follow-

ing the provisions contained in the SOP-GAP. The

purpose of this inspection is to evaluate and eval-

uate community gardens whether they fulﬁll the

requirements stated in the SOP or not. If the gar-

den management meets the provisions contained

in the SOP, it will get a register certiﬁcate, and if

it is not in accordance with the SOP-GAP, then

the plantation manager will be given the opportu-

nity to improve management in accordance with

the SOP-GAP.

e. For the management of gardens that have been in

accordance with the SOP-GAP, they will obtain

a register certiﬁcate issued by the DIY provincial

agricultural service.

f. After obtaining register certiﬁcation, community

gardens under the guidance of farmer groups can

join the Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja Association

which is fostered by KPIG-SPS sleman by sub-

mitting requirements, namely: Copy of farmer

group administrators, Copy of register certiﬁcates

submitted to the Salak Pondoh Sleman Jogja As-

sociation (KPIG-SPS) sleman

g. After joining and becoming a member of the gar-

den management association that is part of the

management in each farmer group, it is mandatory

to attend a routine meeting held by the Sleman

Pondoh Pondoh Salak Association once a month.

To get an advanced certiﬁcate such as an organic

certiﬁcate, the management of the farmer group can

attend further training. Since the Geographical In-

dication Certiﬁcate (GIC) was obtained by the Pon-

doh Sleman Jogja Salak Association from 2013-2019,

there are already farmer groups that have international

organic certiﬁcates under the Swiss-based IMO li-

cense. Registry certiﬁcation is basically used to guar-

antee the quality of cultivation land management stan-

dards, production processes and marketing processes.

Whereas further certiﬁcates such as (international or-

ganic certiﬁcate) to guarantee the quality standards

of cultivation land management, production processes

and marketing management speciﬁcally for European

communities (England, Germany, France, the Nether-

lands) and America.

3.1 SOP-GAP Cultivation Land

Management, Production and

Marketing Processes at the

KPIG-SPS Prima Sembada Sleman

Association

3.1.1 Management of Cultivation Land

Quality requirements for partners:

1. Groups that can deposit products are farmer

groups that have previously been registered by the

association.

2. Farmer groups have been registered in associa-

tions in cultivation and have implemented SOP-

GAP.

3. Having records of all agricultural cultivation ac-

tivities.

4. Want to implement quality standards that have

been set by the association.

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3.1.2 Production Process

1. Administrative process

Weighing salak pondoh obtained from the harvest

from the association members’ gardens.

2. Drying process

The drying process is only valid for salak in wet

conditions with a maximum drying process of 1

hour. While for salak in dry conditions, the clean-

ing phase is immediately carried out.

3. Cleaning process

The process of cleaning salak is done for all salak

in dry conditions.

4. Sorting process

Conducting selection / classiﬁcation of salak

based on weight size.

Table 1: Sorting Process.

No Size Weight of fruit (Grade) / Kg

1 Big ≥61

2 Small 33-60

3 Medium ≤32

Source: Prima Sembada KPIG-SPS Association Sleman (2019)

5. Packaging and weighing process

The packaging and weighing process is carried

out according to the marketing objectives follow-

ing the following conditions:

Table 2: Packaging and weighing processes.

No Fruit clas-

siﬁcation

(Grade)

Marketing objec-

tives

Netto

1 A Supermarket ≤13

2 B Export 14-16

3 C Processed prod-

ucts

Source: Prima Sembada KPIG-SPS Association Sleman (2019)

(a) Fruit of salak with classiﬁcation of fruit (grade)

A for marketing purposes to supermarkets in-

tended for domestic (domestic) consumers.

(b) Salak fruit with a classiﬁcation of fruit (grade)

B for export purposes abroad such as China,

Europe (England, Germany, France, Nether-

lands) and America.

i. Especially for product packaging (packaging)

for the purpose of exporting to China, the net

fruit weight (packaging) per package is an av-

erage of 9 kg.

ii. For export to Europe and America the mini-

mum amount is 2-3 quintals per week (Eng-

land, France, Netherlands). The purpose of

this export is not for consumption but for

the purpose of socialization and promotion,

namely to introduce salak pondoh to Europe

and America.

iii. Labels of packaging of salak intended for ex-

port are labeled (GAP number / farmer regis-

ter). The purpose of this GAP labeling / num-

ber is to anticipate complaints from buyers if

it is found that salak fruit does not match the

quality.

as processed product ingredients such as dodol,

doplak, wajik, drinks, and probiotic products.

The importance of the packaging and weighing

process because in consumer purchasing deci-

sions are faced with preferences, namely an at-

titude of like or dislike of objects that move in

stages. Preference itself has the nature of com-

pleteness, transivity and continuity, so that ordi-

nary individuals determine their decisions based

on a particular focus (point of interest) in pur-

chasing salak by mentioning the selection rank of

salak from (1) large form, (2) bright skin color, (3

) the favored taste, (4) the type of superior / or-

ganic variety, and (5) the price factor as follows:

Table 3: Ranking Focusing Considerations for Purchasing

Salak Pondoh.

Ranking

Selector

Big Skin

color

Taste Organic

types /

varieties

Price

1 28 15 56 79 40

2 34 12 89 33 59

3 72 27 42 19 60

4 57 63 19 39 41

5 29 103 14 50 20

Weighted

weight

635 433 814 712 718

Source: Primary data 2018, data taken from 220 respondents

(Isnugroho and Winarno, 2019).

3.1.3 Marketing Process

1. Terms of order

(a) The association will order the group the day be-

fore the picking process to the farmer is at max-

imum 18.00 PM.

(b) Farmers will pick up the morning at least at

08.00 AM in the morning.

will be borne by the farmer.

(d) If cancelation is carried out by the association

before 08.00 AM, all losses are borne by the

association.

Development of Agrotourism Potential Salak Pondoh in Sleman Regency based on Geographical Indication Rights: Case Study of

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303

(e) Orders paid to the association must be carried

out at least at 14.00 PM.

(f) If a cancellation occurs before 14.00 PM, all

forms of loss will be borne by the buyer.

(g) Salak picked by farmers in accordance with the

standards of the association follows the follow-

ing conditions:

i. 70-80% maturity (before picking).

ii. Salak grade is 1 kg content of 14-16 seeds.

iii. Not disabled like: Irregular shape, Skin does

not peel off, Rotten, Scratched, Hollow, Tem-

bong, Skin condition is not fresh.

(h) The purchase price from the buyer to the asso-

ciation is to follow the price in the warehouse.

(i) The price of purchases from associations to

farmers is the price of good items received in

the warehouse.

2. Purchase and sale of international organic salak

pondoh

(a) Associations get orders from buyers with pro-

visions on the type of salak, grade, volume and

purchase price, packaging time.

(b) Associations make orders to farmer groups

through the procurement of goods with provi-

sions on the type of salak, grade, volume and

purchase price of picking time.

salak, grade, volume and purchase price, pick-

ing time from the association.

(d) Farmers do picking in the garden according to

the provisions of the type of salak, grade, vol-

ume and purchase price, picking time from the

farmer group.

(e) Farmers collect products to farmer groups.

i. The association takes the produce of farmers

in farmer groups along with the documents

prepared by the farmer groups.

ii. The association brings salak products from

farmers to packing houses to do cleaning, sort-

ing and packaging.

iii. Buyers / buyers take salak from the associa-

tion in a state that has been hit, witnessed by

Qualiti Control (QC) from buyers / buyers.

3. Packaging of zalacca for export shipments

In shipping exports abroad, the association coop-

erates with exporters. The shipment process can

be done through several cities including (Solo,

Jogja, Semarang, Jakarta).

In conjunction with agro-tourism development,

instruments that are very important in supporting

agro-tourism development and management, be-

cause in their activities in tourist destinations in

addition to recreation to enjoy the natural atmo-

sphere, tourists can also get education by visit-

ing and seeing ﬁrst hand the mechanisms man-

agement of cultivated land, production processes

and marketing. Thus, register certiﬁcates and ad-

vanced certiﬁcates are absolutely necessary as a

requirement that objects that become tourist des-

tinations including standards for cultivation land

management, production and marketing processes

can be categorized in agro-tourism groups based

on Geographical Indications (GI).

4 CONCLUSIONS

From the discussion in this study, conclusions can be

drawn: The willingness of people from inside and

outside the country to take a tour to the salak pondoh

sleman jogja plantation area, the development of geo-

graphical indication based agrotourism can be useful

for means of socialization, promotion and education

to the community at large . Although salak pondoh

sleman’s uptake is 80% dominated by domestic con-

sumption, the socialization and promotion aspects in

the value are not yet maximized. Besides that, the de-

velopment of agrotourism is also expected to be able

to introduce salak pondoh to foreign tourists directly.

Considering that currently the ability to export abroad

is only 20% or around 2-3 quintals per week, espe-

cially to the European and American markets, for the

purposes of socialization and promotion, it is hoped

that through the development of agro tourism it can at-

tract foreign tourists to visit in large numbers, because

salak Pondoh in foreign markets has a good market

opportunity, such as in Europe and America can pen-

etrate the price of Rp. 300,000 per kg. Ifsalak pondoh

can be exported on a large scale to the European and

American markets, farmers’ welfare will automati-

cally increase, on the other hand cash inﬂows from

outside the country will also increase signiﬁcantly. In

terms of developing agrotourism, it is necessary for

government participation such as the agricultural ser-

vice, tourism agency, local government, village gov-

ernment, private elements, farming communities and

other related elements, so that ultimately salak pon-

doh sleman jogja through the role of agro-based Geo-

graphical Indications can be known globally .

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