Preference Traditional Beverages in Gianyar, Bali

Setyowati Ayu Widuri

Bali Institute of Tourism, Bali Indonesia

Keywords: Beverages, Traditional, Gianyar, Bali

Abstract: Gianyar is one of the regencies in Bali, besides popular with the Balinese culture such as statue, dance,

carving. Gianyar also have many traditional culinary especially for traditional beverages made from herbs

commonly found around the environment. Traditional beverages are drinks made from herbal ingredients

and the manufacturing process is still using traditional methods. Traditional drinks can be interpreted as a

beverage owned by a custom or an area inherited from generation to generation. In Gianyar regency, there

are 7 districts that have a variety of traditional drinks. Traditional drinks will be easily found in markets or

street vendors located on the roadside or in the village square. Based on the results of a survey conducted in

2009 by the Center for Traditional Food Studies (PKMT) of Udayana University reported by Suter, et al.

(2009), in Gianyar regency has 12 type of traditional beverages. Not all traditional beverage are enjoyed by

the community, especially by the younger generation. Surely there are drinks that are most enjoy doing and

there are also drinks that are not so favored and are rarely found in markets or stalls. The purpose of this

research is to explore about traditional beverage and to find out which traditional beverage is the most

preference in Gianyar regency and to be able to bring out one of the uniqueness of Bali, especially in the

field of drinks, so that local Balinese geniuses have an active role in the era globalization and to improve the

economic conditions of local communities.This research was conducted in 7 district at Gianyar regency

using simple quantitative descriptive analysis method, the theory used in this study is the theory of

traditional drinks and a test of preference for consumer assessment. The results of this study stated that

Daluman which has become a favorite one for traditional beverage in Gianyar regencies.

1 INTRODUCTION

Bali is one of the tourism destinations in Indonesia

which is well known to the international world. Bali

is known as the island of a thousand temples because

as a place of worship of Hindus and the many

temples in Bali and Bali is also dubbed as a paradise

island because of its extraordinary natural beauty.

Bali is known to have a variety of good tourism

destinations in the area of Kuta, Denpasar, Buleleng

and Gianyar. In addition to tourists enjoying its

natural beauty, tourists can also enjoy culinary tours

that serve both food and beverage. Traditional drinks

in the district of Gianyar are mostly made from

herbs commonly found around the environment.

Traditional drinks are drinks made from herbal

ingredients and the manufacturing process is still

using traditional methods. According to the third

edition of the Big Indonesian Dictionary in 2005, a

drink means a drink. While traditional means as

something that is hereditary according to the

customs of an area or region. So traditional drinks

can be interpreted as a beverage owned by a custom

or an area inherited from generation to generation.

The development of culinary tourism has begun

to be much in demand by domestic and international

tourists. Tourists who come to Bali have started to

glance at their traditional culinary because it is

incomplete if visiting an area without enjoying its

traditional culinary, especially in the Gianyar

Regencies, selling many typical dishes from various

regions in Bali both food and traditional drinks.

Gianyar regency has 7 districts that have a

variety of traditional drinks. Traditional drinks will

be easily found in markets or street vendors located

on the roadside or in the village square.

Based on the results of a survey conducted in

2009 by the Center for Traditional Food Studies

(PKMT) of Udayana University reported by Suter, et

al. (2009), in Gianyar regency has 12 type of

traditional beverages.

Widuri, S.

Preference Traditional Beverages in Gianyar, Bali.

DOI: 10.5220/0009877101110116

In Proceedings of the 1st NHI Tourism Forum (NTF 2019) - Enhancing Innovation in Gastronomic for Millennials, pages 111-116

ISBN: 978-989-758-495-4

111

Table 1: Types of traditional drinks that exist in each

district in Gianyar Regency.

O District Traditional Beverage

1 Blahbatuh Loloh tibah, loloh don

kayumanis, loloh

cemce

2 Gianyar Loloh don kayu manis,

loloh beluntas, loloh

tibah, loloh don temen,

loloh don sembun

3 Pa

an -

4 Sukawati Brem dan daluman

5 Tampaksiring Loloh don kayu manis,

loloh don dapdap, loloh

beluntas, loloh temu,

loloh kunyit, loloh

tempoh

6 Te

elalan

7 Ubud Daluman

Sumber: Pusat Kajian Makanan Tradisional (PKMT)

Universitas Udayana. Suter, et al. (2009)

From the table above, there are traditional drinks

in each of the districts in Gianyar Regency. The

object of research will be traditional drinks in the

district of Gianyar. Of all types of drinks that are in

the district of Gianyar, not all traditional drinks are

enjoyed by the community, of course there are those

that are not so liked or even unknown. Especially the

younger generation prefers packaged drinks sold in

stores rather than traditional drinks sold by traders

who sell on the roadside. In terms of the efficacy of

traditional drinks have properties that are far better

than the packaged drinks sold in stores.

In terms of packaging drinks that have a brand is

indeed more attractive appearance than traditional

drinks which are usually only packaged in plastic

but there are already traditional drinks that have

been packaged in the form of bottles. Gradually,

traditional drinks will erode and start to be

abandoned by the Balinese people themselves,

especially the younger generation who choose

outside brand drinks instead of traditional Balinese

drinks.

With the development of culinary tourism,

traditional drinks are needed as one of the attractions

and identities for an area. With this Bali not only has

natural beauty, tradition, but Bali also has a variety

of traditional drinks that are served in various places.

From the foregoing, efforts should be made to dig up

information about traditional drinks in every region

in Bali to be inventoried and documented which can

later be preserved and introduced to the world as one

of the assets and tourist attractions in Indonesia,

especially Bali.

This effort was carried out for the initial steps in

preserving traditional Balinese drinks especially in

the Gianyar regencies. This research is an initial

stage of exploration conducted in the district of

Gianyar regencies. This exploration will go through

an inventory stage of which types and traditional

drinks are most popular in Gianyar regencies with

the method of collecting data by interview,

observation, documentation, questionnaires to find

out the level of liking and for distributing

questionnaires by purposive sampling method.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

Kruger (2014) mentions that traditional drinks that

have survived for hundreds of years until now use

brown sugar and spices. The use of spices has been

used for centuries in spices to give different flavors.

Likewise, the use of traditional medicines. Drinks or

spices from Indonesian culture. Traditional drinks

have distinguishing characteristics from other drinks

are the spices and herbs that contain bioflavonoids,

which are active substances that play a role in

strengthening the immune system seen from its

nature that has sensory characteristics, nutritious,

and has physiological properties that are nutritious

for health.

According to Babie 1989: 80 exploratory

research is the exploration of a problem / topic to

understand the problem or topic. Exploratory

research is related to efforts to determine whether a

phenomenon exists or does not exist. Exploratory

research is used to answer the question form "Are

there / not ?. For example, simple research in the

social sciences. Do women or men have a tendency

to sit in the front row of the class or not? If between

one party or both have these tendencies, then a

phenomenon is obtained that will encourage a

further study. Exploratory research can also be very

complex. Usually, researchers choose exploration

objectives because of 3 kinds of intentions such as:

satisfying the initial curiosity and later wanting to

understand more, assessing the feasibility of

conducting studies / research that will be more in-

depth, the methods used in more in-depth research

will be developed later. The results of exploratory

research are often considered unsatisfactory because

they are exploratory research. The dissatisfaction of

the results of this study is usually related to the

problem of representativeness / sampling. But we

need to realize that exploration really means

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"opening the road" so that after the door is opened

wide it requires more advanced and focused research

there is a portion of the space behind the open door.

3 THEORY STUDIES

Drinks are "Is a liquid which is specifically prepared

for human consumption. In additional to filling a

basic human need, links from part of the culture of

human society ". From this opinion can be

interpreted, "Drinks are special liquids prepared for

human consumption. In addition to meeting basic

human needs, drinks are part of the culture of the

community.

According to the third edition of the Big

Indonesian Dictionary in 2005, a drink means a

drink.

According to the above understanding, it can be

concluded that drinks are anything that contains

liquids which in general can eliminate thirst and are

safe for consumption by humans by mouth, except

for drugs, soups, and harmful liquids.

Katsigris (2006: 59), Beverages is a liquid which

is specifically prepared for human consumption. In

addition to felling a basic human need, beverages

from part of the culture of human society.

According to Imtima: 2007 the traditional

meaning is a habit that originated from an ancestor

which was passed down from generation to

generation and is widely practiced by society today.

M Abed Al Jabri 2000 Traditional definition is

anything that is inherited by a child from his parents,

be it position, inheritance or nobility.

So according to the above understanding it can

be concluded that traditionally is everything that was

passed down by the ancestors from generation to

generation in the form of recipes, things. dance,

song, position, treasure and nobility that we can also

bequeath to the next generation

Sunaryo (2015) explains that according to the

experience of the ancestors from the ancestors, the

use of all types of plants in the environment to

maintain health. Ancestors since ancient times have

mixed various leaves, roots, flowers, wood, to the

tubers of spice plants to maintain physical fitness

and cure various health complaints. Of the various

natural materials are processed in such a way as to

be able to maintain health.

In https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ek exploration

(accessed on 18 May 2018), it is explained that

exploration is also called exploration or searching,

exploration is the act of searching or exploring with

the aim of finding something, for example unknown

areas, including space (space exploration),

petroleum, natural gas, coal, minerals, water or

information. Although exploration has occurred

since the beginning of human existence, exploration

is considered to have reached its peak at the time of

the colonial era, when European seafarers roamed all

over the world to discover new areas and cultures.

According to Koesoemandinata, 2000

"exploration is a scientific technical activity to find

out areas, regions, conditions, spaces previously

unknown in their contents. Scientific exploration

will contribute to the treasury of science.

Exploration is not only carried out in an area, it can

also be in the depths of the sea that has never been

explored at all, space, even insight of the mind

(exploration of the mind). , aerial photography,

satellite imagery and indirect survey methods

identify prospective anomial areas for further

investigation (2) general prospecting, this stage is

intended to narrow the area to be used as a place of

exploration.

Bompard and Kostemans (1985) state that

exploration is carried out in stages by relying on

sources, both directly from the primary information

giver and from library data. Thus, in connection with

this research, this exploration can be interpreted as a

source of a thorough investigation and exploration of

traditional Balinese drinks in order to find, collect,

document and types sourced from the main

information providers and literature for scientific

purposes

So from the above understanding in terms of

exploration is also called explorative, which is one

of the three forms of research objectives, while the

other objectives are depiction (descriptive) and

explanation (explanatory). In this case, exploration

or exploratory is an attempt to form a general and

initial understanding of something. Exploration

consists of an initial exploration stage and an

advanced exploration phase where the exploration

aims to obtain more detailed data from the initial

exploration.

The preference test is also called the hedonic

test. Panelists were asked their personal responses

about likes or dislikes. Besides the panelists

expressing their happy, like or reverse responses,

they also expressed their liking. These favorite

levels are called the hedonic scale. For example, in

terms of "like" it can have a hedonic scale such as:

very, very like, very like, like, rather like.

Conversely, if the response is "dislike", it can have a

hedonic scale such as like and rather like, there is a

response that is referred to as neutral, ie neither like

nor dislike.

Preference Traditional Beverages in Gianyar, Bali

113

According to Lumanauw (2000: 6) said that

drinks are divided into 2 (two) main parts, namely

non-Alcoholic Drink and Alcoholic Drink.

Non alcoholic beverage (drinks without alcohol

content) can be classified again into several parts,

namely:

a Fruit juices, are solely juice / juice, which is

taken by squeezing fresh fruit.

b Milk, milk is almost a food that is categorized

as complementary foods. Milk contains

protein, fat, sugar, salt, and vitamins

c Syrup is a solution of sugar and water or a

solution of fruit juice, sugar, coloring and

flavoring

d Squash is a beverage consisting of fruit juice

with small slices of fruit (fruit flesh)

e Natural mineral water, mineral water is pure

water with a high mineral content. Mineral

water can be divided into two, namely: pure

mineral water that is mineral water that is

tasteless, odorless, and colorless.

f Artificial mineral water, which is water that

comes from a mixture of mineral materials into

fresh water and is added to carbon dioxide and

the aroma of fruits. like: lemon drink, ginger

ale.

g Coffe is a type of drink that comes from coffee

beans should be ground before brewing.

h Tea is a beverage that is processed from pure

tea leaves, or mixed with tangakai and flowers

i Chocholate, made from cocoa beans or fruit,

adding this sugar is also called "slab

chocholate".

Alcoholic beverage (alcoholic drinks), can also

be classified into several types, namely:

a Beer, can be interpreted as an alcoholic drink

containing carbon dioxide, and made from:

barley, hops, sugar, water and distributed with

yeast, and added with finings.

b Spirit, which is an alcoholic drink made by

distilling a fermented liquid. Types of spirits:

Whiskey, Brandy, Rum, Gin, Vodka.

c Liqueurs, in principle, liqueurs are made by

mixing a spirit with one or several scents

(flavors) and sweetening, taste, aroma, and

color of various types of liqueurs are obtained

from the types of fruits and plants used as

mixers. There are two types of liqueurs namely

Under Propierty Brand and Under Generaal

Brand.

d Wine, is an alcoholic beverage produced from

the fermentation of grapes.

According to Atmodjo (2004: 36) there are

several methods in making mixed drinks, namely:

a Shaking is making drinks by shaking the

ingredients in a shaker filtered directly and

poured into a glass.

b Stiring, namely making drinks by stirring the

drinks in a glass.

c Mixing is a beverage by stirring the drink in a

mixing glass with a long bar spoonlau filtered

with a strainer.

d Blending makes drinks by using an electric

blender to stir and pour into a glass

e Preparing is making drinks by pouring drinks

directly into the glass in front of guests.

f Floating is making drinks by pouring the

beverage ingredients one at a time into the

glass to form a layer

Mainstay of Making Traditional Drinks

Sunaryo (2015) explains that according to the

experience of the ancestors from their ancestors, the

use of all kinds of plants in their environment to

maintain health. Ancestors since ancient times have

mixed various leaves, roots, flowers, wood, to the

tubers of spice plants to maintain physical fitness

and cure various health complaints. Of the various

natural materials are processed in such a way as to

be able to maintain health.

From Sunaryo explanation of the ingredients

used in maintaining bodily health and the

understanding of traditional drinks according to

Kruger can be interpreted that long ago ancestors

had used herbal ingredients to maintain a healthy

body by drinking a mixture of these spices with

added sweeteners (sugar)

The basic ingredients of making traditional

drinks include:

Fruit

Roots

Flower

Bulbs

Woods

Foliage

Sweetener Agent

The processing methods used in making

traditional beverage are vary, where in making some

traditional drinks, the ingredients are cooked first

and then the ingredients are prepared directly in

front of the buyer and presented. Then, for some

traditional drinks the ingredients used are mixed

where the ingredients used are fresh and only the

water is taken immediately packaged in bottles such

as loloh / herbal medicine.

Judging from the basic ingredients used and the

results of interviews conducted traditional drinks can

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not last long because it uses natural ingredients in its

manufacture, traditional drinks last a day for ice

daluman and rice cendol ice for the use of coconut

milk on this drink, whereas for drink rujak tibah,

loloh turmeric, loloh base / betel, and loloh

sambiloto can last two or three days if stored in the

refrigerator.

4 RESEARCH METHODS

Gianyar Regency is a district in the province of Bali,

Indonesia. The capital is Gianyar. This area is the

center of carving culture in Bali. Astronomically

located in the Coordinates: 8 ° 18'48 "-8 ° 38'58" LS

and 115 ° 22'23 "East. Gianyar borders Denpasar

City in the southwest, Badung Regency in the west,

Bangli Regency in the east and Klungkung Regency

in the southeast.

Gianyar Regency has 7 districts, 6 villages and

64 villages. The population is 492,757, with an area

of 368,00 km2.

Figure 1: Maps of Gianyar Regencies

This research was conducted at 7 district market

in Gianyar regencies with a total of 90 respondents

with purposive sampling method. This is a simple

quantitative descriptive study, namely problem

solving techniques by systematically collecting data

using a mean which is the sum of all data divided by

the amount of data described in a language that is

easy to understand and compare with reality faced in

the field with existing theories, so that in the end

they can draw conclusions by giving logical reasons.

To find out the traditional drinks that are popular

in Gianyar Regencies, the steps are:

Questionnaire distribution

On this occasion the questionnaire used was a

favorite test questionnaire where each answer to the

questionnaire had a weight or score value with a

Likert scale that is the answer that the value was 4,

the answer liked the value was 3, the usual answer

value was 2, the answer did not like the value was 1.

Data tabulation

Data that has been collected then the answer is

entered into a table so it is easy to find the mean

value.

Look for the mean value

to analyze the frequency of occurrence of all

events based on the scale of research the formula

used based on the theory of Sudarmayanti and

Syarifudin (2002: 182) is:

Mean =

∑(F1×1 + F2×2 + F3×3 + F4×4 +

F5×5)

F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 + F5

Note :

F1×1 is the number of results of the middle

value at times with frequency

F1 is the number of frequency

Analyzing the indicators

The categories used in this study are derived

from the numerical value of the hedonic test which

can be interpreted as 3 dislikes, 5 ordinary, 7 likes, 9

Very likes

5 DISCUSSION

By distributing 120 questionnaires and 90 complete

ones or 75 percent of the questionnaires distributed.

The following is a recapitulation of the results of the

questionnaire on traditional beverages in 7 market in

Gianyar Regencies that were distributed during July

2019.

Characteristics of Respondents

Characteristics of 90 respondents who have

visited the market and enjoyed traditional beverages

based on sex as much as 56.67% are female and

43.33% male, so it can be assumed that the majority

who enjoy traditional beverages is female.

Data analysis

Based on the results of the calculation of

questionnaire data and guided by the indicators of

traditional beverage in Gianyar Regencies. Here are

the results of the rating of traditional beverage which

enjoyed in Gianyar Regencies.

Preference Traditional Beverages in Gianyar, Bali

115

Table 2: The average value of drinks enjoyed in Gianyar

Regencies

From the table above it can be seen that the

drinks that have the highest value among other

drinks, from the 12 traditional drinks that are

popular in Gianyar regency, are daluman and those

that have the lowest or disliked value are loloh

kunyit, loloh temu and brem. These three drinks

have the lowest average value.

6 CONCLUSION

Based on the analysis of the data conveyed in the

discussion, it can be concluded that from the results

of exploration found 12 traditional drinks that are

commonly sold in Gianyar Regencies.

Most popular traditional beverage is Daluman

and traditional beverage that are not like it are loloh

temu, loloh kunyit and brem. And from the results of

interviews and questionnaires of traditional beverage

are still there but more come from among the

elderly. Traditional beverage that are very popular

with all people from the young generation to the

elderly tend to have a sweet taste because of the

provision of liquid sugar in daluman drinks. In order

for other traditional drinks to be enjoyed and known

by the community, especially the younger

generation, it is necessary to preserve traditional

drinks so that traditional drinks do not lose their

existence in the community, especially the younger

generation. There needs to be an understanding of

how to make traditional drinks, good ingredients to

be used as traditional drinks and also the properties

produced from each of the traditional drinks.

REFERENCES

Atmodjo, 2004. Bar, Minuman, dan Penyajiannya.

Yogyakarta:penerbit ANDI

Kruger Vivienne, 2014. Balinese Food: “The Traditional

Cuisine And Food Culture Of Bali”. North

Clarendeon: Tuttle Pulishing

Lumanauw Farly. Bar Dan Minuman. Jakarta : Gramedia

Pustaka Utama

M. Darwis. 2001. Penataan Kembali Pasar Kotagede.

Yogyakarta : Lembaga Studi Jawa

Ma’aruf, 2005. Pemasaran ritel. Jakarta:PT Gramedia

Margono, 2005. Metodologi penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka

Cipta

Muktar,2013. Metode Praktis Penelitian Deskriptif

Kualitatif. Jakarta: (Gp Press Group)

Mukthar, 2013. Metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.

Jakarta: GP Press Group

Neuman, W. Lawrence, 2000. Social Research Methods:

Qualitative And Quantitative Approaches/ By

W.Lawrence Neuman. London : Allyn and Bacon

Sinaga Pariaman, 2004. Pasar Modern VS Pasar

Tradisional. Jakarta:Kementrian Koperasi dan UKM

Sugiyono, 2005. Memahami penelitian kualitatif.

Bandung: Alfabeta

Sugiyono, 2008. Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif

dan R&D/Sugiyono. Bandung :Alfabeta

Sugiyono, 2013. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (

Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R&D).

Bandung:Alfabeta

Sunaryo, 2015.Minuman Tradisional Penguat Kekebalan

Tubuh.Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuman (diakses 26

februari 2018)

https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/definisi minuman (diakses

pada 15 mei 2018)

https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ekplorasi (diakses pada 18

mei 2018)

https://www.google.co.id/amp/s/kbbi.web.id/eksplorasi.ht

ml (diakses: 1 juni 2018

NO Traditional

Bevera

Data

Amount

Mea

Catego

1 Bre

270 3 Dislike

2 Daluman 770 8.5 Like

3 Loloh

eluntas

283 3.1 Dislike

4 Loloh don

umanis

432 4.8 Dislike

5 Loloh don

temen

292 3.2 Dislike

6 Loloh don

sembun

282 3.1 Dislike

7 Loloh tibah 288 3.2 Dislike

8 Loloh

cemce

484 5.3 Ordina

9 Loloh kun

248 2.7 Dislike

10 Loloh

tempoh

280 3.1 Like

11 Loloh temu 248 2.7 Dislike

12 Loloh don

dadap

374 4.1 Like

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