Registration Student Model for Higher Education with Blockchain

Platform

Meyliana

, Erick Fernando

, Surjandy

, Yakob Utama Chandra

, Cadelina Cassandra

, Henry

Antonius Eka Widjaja

and Harjanto Prabowo

Information Systems Department, School of Information Systems, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia, 11480

Computer Science Department, BINUS Graduate Program – Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University,

Keywords:

Blockchain, Higher Education, Smart Contract, Registration Student, Model

Abstract:

Education is an activity undertaken to obtain an academic degree. This process mainly occurs in the Indonesian

Higher Education system, a process carried out through the existing academic credit process in the educational

institution by being completed and gaining recognition by issuing academic degree certiﬁcates. In Indonesia,

the education process is full of semi-computerized processes (not all). This provides a loophole for the is-

suance of fake academic certiﬁcates (diplomas) or the creation of fake diplomas. Digitalization is one system

that can provide a sense of security, truth, certainty, and can reduce bureaucracy in the validation process of

documents with savings in storage and labor used. The process that goes through before getting an academic

degree certiﬁcate in Higher Education, students begin with the registration process, the teaching process, and

the process of completion of Higher Education. Problems that occur in Education, especially in registration

associated with increased forgery, data exchange, and even loss of data at this time, because the registration

process can be manipulated or even erasing data carried out by parties who are not responsible. This article

proposes a proposal for a process of student registration in educational institutions in the Indonesian educa-

tion system digitizing using blockchain technology. This research produces a model of student registration at

educational institutions with blockchain to provide transparency, validated data in the education process.

1 INTRODUCTION

Higher education has developed signiﬁcantly

throughout the world today. Several groups of people

can attend higher education. One of the motivations

of people seeking higher education is to allow people

to get better jobs with a higher salary. So, with

that in Indonesia, more and more universities are

growing, Indonesian universities are reaching more

than 2000. In Indonesia, the educational process is

full of semicomputerized processes (not all). The

educational process provides a gap for the issuance of

fake academic certiﬁcates (diplomas) or the creation

of false diplomas, and this is also due to the desire to

obtain well-paid jobs.

The development of current education was inﬂu-

enced by various developments, namely the adoption

of the technology until the digital age at this time. All

these developments can change the culture of an ac-

tivation process; educational institutions must offer

creative ways so that all interested parties have the

power to use technology. Technological empower-

ment occurs every day, and people interact with thou-

sands of data and information worldwide. As a step-

in change, educational institutions must offer creative

ways for all stakeholders to empower themselves us-

ing technology. This development also provides dis-

cussion in various aspects, namely aspects of integra-

tion, tracking, validation, and truth of data, but not

by the facts that occur, not all aspects are met. If

each of these aspects can be done, then all parties can

search, have reliable information. These aspects can

be offered from current technological developments

with the idea of a distributed, storage, and ledger book

that cannot be manipulated in the form of blockchain

technology (Garankina et al., 2018)(Tapscott and Tap-

scott, 2017).

Blockchain is a technology that uses the concept

of distributed ledger, which is validated by consen-

sus and wrapped in cryptographic algorithms. Satoshi

Nakamoto ﬁrst coined this concept in 2008 and used

it in Bitcoin (Buerger, 2016; Nakamoto, 2008). With

Meyliana, ., Fernando, E., Surjandy, ., Chandra, Y., Cassandra, C., Widjaja, H. and Prabowo, H.

Registration Student Model for Higher Education with Blockchain Platform.

DOI: 10.5220/0009909803250329

In Proceedings of the International Conferences on Information System and Technology (CONRIST 2019), pages 325-329

ISBN: 978-989-758-453-4

325

its development, a blockchain concept was combined

with the concept of the smart contract that Nick Szabo

discovered so that it can be implemented in various

ﬁelds of industry as a business system (Swan, 2015).

Thus, encouraging several large companies such as

Intel, Microsoft, IBM to develop blockchain technol-

ogy (Morabito, 2017)(Turk and Klinc, 2017)

The inﬁeld of education, many processes are car-

ried out so that a person can become a student in

educational institutions, which include: registration,

course activity, extracurricular activities, and gradua-

tion. This initial research will be discussed how stu-

dent data will be recorded on the Blockchain, which

is the beginning of the use of blockchain technol-

ogy for student registration. With several processes,

in this study, the researchers applied a blockchain to

the world of education in the student enrolment pro-

cess. This registration process is the ﬁrst step to make

the identity of a student can carry out the process of

higher education until the end of education. With

this identity, the motivation to give a student a unique

identity that can be used by a student can be declared

correctly registered at the university so that it cannot

be manipulated or inserted with invalid data. It also

indirectly protects the process of issuing false diplo-

mas by irresponsible parties. This initial research will

be discussed how student data will be recorded on

the Blockchain which is the beginning of the use of

blockchain technology for student registration.

2 RELATED WORK

Technology development is very fast, especially in

blockchain technology. This technology is a tech-

nology in which its application is to create a dis-

tributed system using the Ledger; parties in the net-

work control all transactions. The use in the health

care process to be introduced in the electronic health

registration process (EHR), thus providing an intel-

ligent form of public health management, can pro-

vide a signiﬁcant evolution in the world of health

(Azaria et al., 2016)(Khezr et al., 2019) The use of

blockchain games can be applied in the pharmaceuti-

cal industry since it provides certainty of the quality

and quantity of the drug is available in the past (Clau-

son et al., 2018)(Haq and Esuka, 2018) (Plotnikov and

Kuznetsova, 2018)(Sch

oner et al., 2017). The use of

blockchain not only ends here, but blockchain repro-

duction technology can be used in several application

domains in industries or organizations. With so many

beneﬁts provided among others, technological trans-

parency, data truth, validated. It turns out that this

technology is also being tried in the government ﬁeld.

Blockchain applies to the smart government building

scenario. Even in this narrow chain of therapeutic ed-

ucation blocks in the world to cope with the circula-

tion of false diplomas. This project began to be devel-

oped by the Media Lab Learning Initiative of the Mas-

sachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) that analy-

ses the digitalization of academic certiﬁcates issued

by authorized institutions so that the truth can be rec-

ognized from data, skills, or other issues (Turkanovi

et al., 2018). In several universities around the world,

they have begun to apply this technology for various

activities in their organizations (for example, digital

signature, timestamp, etc.) to issue diplomas for stu-

dents (Gong et al., )(Mikroyannidis et al., 2018).

2.1 Blockchain

Blockchain is a distributed system, which can only

add or store digital data. This was ﬁrst proposed by

Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008 and was used in digital

transactions known as a cryptocurrency or with Bit-

coin (Nakamoto et al., 2008). Transactions that oc-

cur in a peer to peer validated a transaction, and each

block is given a timestamp and cryptography all con-

nected to the previous block form an unchanging and

distributed chain, distributed across all nodes on the

network. Within a blockchain, one block can only

be veriﬁed based on synchronization consensus from

mining. This process is open to the public, transpar-

ent, and safe.

The development of blockchain started with

blockchain 1.0, mainly adopted by Bitcoin to solve

problems about cryptocurrency and decentralized

payments. The emergence of Bitcoin is very phenom-

enal nowadays, giving rise to various kinds that are

similar to bitcoin such as Litecoin, Peercoin, Ripple,

and Ethereum Cryptocurrencies (Hoy, 2017). In early

2013 with the advent of smart contracts on Ethereum

pushed blockchain 2.0, which brought the concept of

decentralization across markets and changed access

through smart contracts. Then in the following year,

blockchain 3.0 emerged to provide solutions to non-

ﬁnancial industrial uses, namely various enterprise

system applications.

Figure 1: Development of blockchain.

The development of the Blockchain it can be ap-

plied in industries such as: Manufacturing (Ahmed

and ten Broek, 2017) (Ahram et al., 2017) (Azaria

et al., 2016) (Hoy, 2017). Financial (Al-Saqaf and

Seidler, 2017) (Singh et al., 2016) (Treleaven et al.,

CONRIST 2019 - International Conferences on Information System and Technology

326

2017) (Bdiwi et al., 2017)(Hoy, 2017), Government

(Mark White, 2017)(Shukla et al., 2018). In Edu-

cation, commonly, blockchain is used for teaching

and learning processes (Bdiwi et al., 2017), and also

other research shows that blockchain is possible for

libraries (Hoy, 2017).

2.2 Blockchain for Higher Education

With the capabilities that exist in blockchain technol-

ogy, many ﬁelds can implement and beneﬁt. The abil-

ity of blockchain to validate data, provide accurate,

integrated, and irreversible information has a real rev-

olutionary impact on the business processes that oc-

cur in its application. One of them can be applied in

educational institutions (Grech and Camilleri, 2017)

(Tapscott and Tapscott, 2017). The use of blockchain

technology uses a formula that can be used in the

learning process is a process that begins from the ﬁrst

time that future students register, carry out the learn-

ing or conference process until its completion (Grech

and Camilleri, 2017) and obtain a valid and correct

academic certiﬁcate. In all educational institutions,

the enrollment process is one of the initial processes

to receive future students who can participate in learn-

ing and obtain legal academic certiﬁcates. Registra-

tion activities become crucial for future students of

the data provided in the registration process until the

selection process and receive the results of the se-

lection until graduation (Gong et al., ) (Mikroyanni-

dis et al., 2018)(Turkanovi

c et al., 2018). With sev-

eral universities, they have online registration to make

it possible to implement blockchain technology as a

process of recording all the data processes that occur

(Al Harthy et al., 2019) (Nguyen and Dang, 2018).

3 PROPOSED MODEL

Based on the existing process in the system at educa-

tional institutions in Indonesia. The researcher builds

a student registration model using a blockchain that

refers to previous research (Meyliana et al., ), as fol-

lows the model of registering a prospective student to

the Higher Education Institution:

Figure 2: Proposed model of a new registration higher edu-

cation institution with a blockchain network

This blockchain registration model involves po-

tential student, ﬁnancial, and student registration

parties whose transactions are carried out on the

blockchain platform. The process starts from online

registration to completion as a student who gets a stu-

dent id.

4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Based on the model proposed below in detail the busi-

ness processes of registering a prospective student,

we conclude the process of being a value chain of

core business processes in Higher Education. This

value chain describes the whole process by imple-

menting the concept of the blockchain. This process

starts from online registration by prospective students

which is then made a transaction block for prospec-

tive students, then makes payments, gets an exam-

ination card, follows the entrance screening test, if

passed makes payment for re-registration and uploads

the uploaded documents, if according to the provi-

sions, if it is appropriate to make a new block to start

as a student with a student ID, you can take part in the

pre-lecture activities and through the lecture process.

Student IDs are used during the process of student ac-

tivities in higher education forever. This student id is

recorded as the student’s identity. The following busi-

ness processes can be seen in ﬁgure 3.

Figure 3: A Process Model Of A New Higher Education

Institution Blockchain Network

The stage from Process Business for registration

with blockchain :

1. Prospective students are prospective students who

want to register as students in the desired uni-

versity or college. Registration is done online

based on information technology in the form of

web/mobile which then gets a student registration

number where after the data is ﬁlled in correctly

then the data is entered into the blockchain as the

basis for students registering.

2. A prospective student paying registration can

print a test card and then perform the test.

Registration Student Model for Higher Education with Blockchain Platform

327

3. The results of the test the admission unit checks

the results of the test and determines the test re-

sults that are accepted or not accepted.

4. The results are accepted from the test then the

prospective student can make a re-registration

payment and complete the registration docu-

ments.

5. The admission unit checks documents and pay-

ments, if complete, then creates a student id which

is then recorded on the blockchain as a student id

that is used in the process that will be carried out

by the prospective student during lectures to com-

pletion.

6. Prospective students become students who can

print student cards.

7. The student registration and scheduling sections

create orientation schedules for students and make

lectures for the ﬁrst semester for students.

8. The process that has been carried out, the prospec-

tive student has successfully registered as a stu-

dent at the university.

The proposed registration system can provide a

process to provide many beneﬁts for end-users for a

reliable record of settlement, good conﬁrmation, fast

transactions, veriﬁcation, and well-validated). This

gives guarantees to prospective students of the data,

the process carried out in the registration process cor-

rectly, and can guarantee the authenticity of the diplo-

mas obtained from the Educational Institution. In the

registration process, various identities of students will

be recorded and all activities that they do while being

registered as a student at a tertiary institution. The

data include student identity (student id, name, date

of birth, address, telephone number, parent’s identity,

etc.), teaching activities (code course, course name,

mid-exam date, mid-exam score, ﬁnal exam, date, ﬁ-

nal exam score).

Figure 4: The New Registration Model Higher Education

Institution With A Blockchain Platform

The new model of registration with blockchain ex-

plains in the process of student transactions, admis-

sions, ﬁnancial units which are all recorded on the

blockchain platform

5 CONCLUSION

The blockchain model proposed is based on core and

general business processes carried out by various uni-

versities in Indonesia. This model provides open and

distributed data and information integration for each

stakeholder in the Higher Education Institution and

prospective students themselves, and the data pro-

cessed is validated in real-time to keep the data up to

date, well veriﬁed, and accurate. The implementation

of this blockchain in every detailed process in the reg-

istration of prospective students can provide solutions

to the problem of loss of student registration data and

various undesirable things until ﬁnally to provide a

solution to the problem of fake diploma certiﬁcates in

circulation. This problem occurs because the data is

not validated, which gives a space for the perpetrators

to make it and sell it to people who request it. This

is not only illegal institutions that can provide it, but

legal institutions themselves can do this.

Thus the process that occurs in various activities

that exist in institutions or educational institutions can

apply the concept of blockchain. In this research part

of the initial registration process of a prospective stu-

dent registering until he ﬁnished being a student at a

higher education institution. To help higher education

institutions to provide open and validated data on each

registration process that takes place and is carried out

by prospective students, to provide a sense of comfort,

trust, and security. While the government can better

control the processes that occur within educational

institutions. In the future, researchers for the tech-

nology and integration of the developed blockchain

can be designed and implemented to prove data in-

tegration for universities. This paper is the result

of early research and will continue to enter the next

stage where the blockchain will be used for learning

transactions, ﬁnancial transactions until ﬁnally, it is a

diploma.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This work is supported by the Directorate Gen-

eral of Strengthening for Research and Develop-

ment, Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher

Education, Republic of Indonesia as a part of

Penelitian Terapan Unggulan Perguruan Tinggi Re-

search Grant to Binus University entitled “Imple-

mentasi Blockchain Platform Untuk Menciptakan

“Good Governance” pada Perguruan Tinggi” or

“The Implementation of Blockchain Platform to

Create “Good Governance” in Higher Education”

with contract number: 225/SP2H/LT/DRPM/2019;

CONRIST 2019 - International Conferences on Information System and Technology

328

12/AKM/PNT/2019; 039/VR.RTT/IV/2019 and con-

tract date: 27 March 2019.

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