Organizational Climate and Doctor's Works Satisfaction
Rinawati, Ermi Girsang*, Ali Napiah Nasution
Faculty of Medical, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia
Keywords: Organizational climate, doctor's job satisfaction
Abstract: A conducive organizational climate will encourage members of the organization to interact with each other
and feel fulfilled as in the hospital satisfaction. The facts show that the organizational climate is not in line
with the expectations of the doctor in charge. This study aims to analyze the relationship of organizational
climate including organizational structure, organizational standards, responsibilities, rewards, organizational
support, and commitment to doctor's job satisfaction. This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive
analytic approach. From the population of 121 doctors respondents were taken as many as 56 respondents.
The research instrument was a questionnaire that has been arranged according to variables and has been tested
for validity and reliability. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate analysis with Pearson product moment
correlation where organizational structure, organizational standards, responsibilities, rewards, organizational
support and commitment were related to doctor job satisfaction with p <0.005. Multivariate analysis with
multiple linear regression tests obtained coefficient values of organizational structure (0.420), organizational
standards (0.533), responsibilities (0.465), awards (0.759), organizational support (0.384) and commitment
(0.374). The most dominant variable related to doctor job satisfaction was appreciation (0.759).
1 INTRODUCTION
Job satisfaction is a pleasant feeling that can be
reflected in the doctor’s assessment in carrying out
his duties.This level of doctor satisfaction can be
assessed from this work results in an effective and
efficient manner and is related to organizational
support in providing a conducive work environment
in the hospital.(Deng et al,2018;Adegoke, 2015).
Doctor’s works satisfaction can be caused by
various factors.In Italia,general practitioners who
take spesific training (GP-ST) are satisfied 46,6%
(Mazzucco et al., 2017). Doctors at the Brazillian
general hospital of education,the biggest doctor
dissatisfaction in work,especially regarding
relationships with fellow doctors,where they feel
annoyed to be contacted outside of working
hours,payment is not yet (Filho, 2016).Doctors at the
East India Hospital found that the proportion of job
satisfaction was 59,6 % and the most dominant factor
affecting it was the inadequate working space.
(Bhattacherjee et al., 2016).
A satisfying or unsatisfactory job depends not
only on individual needs and on what is provided by
the work, but also depends on perceptions and
assessments related to the work environment, which
includes organizational climate factors.
Organizational climate is the employee's perception
of the quality of the organization's internal
environment relatively perceived by members of the
organization which will then affect their behavior.
Attitudes and behavior and performance of members
of the organization will affect organizational
performance. (Dewa Gede et all, 2018).
Organizational climate is an important factor in health
care,where employee commitment and how
employees perceive significant results with the health
services provided. (Aysen, 2018).Good
organizational climate is needed to shape the image
of an organization, so that the organization can exist.
(Rosilawati, 2008).
There are 6 components to measure organizational
climate, namely 1) structure, 2) standards, 3)
responsibility, 4) recognition, 5) support and 6)
commitment (Stringer, 2002). Organizational climate
is an important factor in health care, where employee
commitment and how employees view organizational
performance will provide significant results with the
health services provided (Berberoglu A, 2018; Turnip
et al, 2020;Wijaya et al, 2019). A hospital is a service
organization that processes inputs and produces
services. Demands and needs arising in quality health
Rinawati, ., Girsang, E. and Nasution, A.
Organizational Climate and Doctor’s Works Satisfaction.
DOI: 10.5220/0010293102070214
In Proceedings of the International Conference on Health Informatics, Medical, Biological Engineering, and Pharmaceutical (HIMBEP 2020), pages 207-214
ISBN: 978-989-758-500-5
Copyright
c
2021 by SCITEPRESS Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
207
services need to be addressed by improving the
quality of human resources, especially doctors as the
spearhead. Doctors must follow their professional
standards and operational procedure standards that
apply when conducting health services. (Law No. 29
of 2004 concerning medical practice ).
In providing health services, doctors also need a
conducive organizational climate that will encourage
members of the organization to interact with each
other and fulfill their satisfaction, thereby increasing
the quality of cooperation and improving the
performance of organizational members.
(Hutagalung and Ritonga, 2018).
Kesawa et all (2016), examined the influence of
organizational climate on job satisfaction and
organizational commitment and found a positive
influence of organizational climate on job
satisfaction. This is in line with research by Putra and
Sudarma, 2016: Sanad A, 2016: Johny PR, Pradeep
VS, 2020.
Research Syahidin R, 2018 found the influence of
Compensation and Motivation on doctor job
satisfaction.Taleghani&Ghafary,2018 adopted the
model proposed by Claiborne et al, 2013,Permarupan
et al,2013, Chatzoglou et al,2011 in evaluating
organizational climate and job satisfaction.Dewi
&Swastadiguna,2018,examined the dimensions of
organizational climate namely Relationship
Oriented,Goal Setting and Work Independence
Oriented,Power Oriented and found that
organizational climate has a positive effect on
organizational commitment mediated by job
satisfaction.
Li&Mahadevan,2018,examined the impact of
each organizational climate variable,namely role
clarity,communication,reward system,team work and
support,relationship, direction on employee
performance.
Based on the initial survey through interviews
with several doctors in the health service area, it was
found that there were some who were not satisfied
with the rewards received and some said they were
not free in making decisions related to health services,
so a study was conducted on the Relationship
between Organizational Climate and Doctor Job
Satisfaction.
The difference with other researchers is the data
processing method and the number of variables
studied.
2 METHOD
The study was conducted at RSU Royal Prima Medan
from December 2019 to March 2020. The population
was 121 respondents consisted of 30 general
practitioners, 89 specialist doctors and 2 dentists.
Samples were taken in proportion (size to proportion)
from the three medical professions about 56
respondents with age characteristics (years) 31-40
(66.4%),> 40 (19.6%), <30 (14.3%), men (66.1%),
women (33.9%) who have worked 1-3 years (46.4%)
and 4-6 years (53.6%). Primary data collection was
carried out through questionnaires containing
questions about independent variables
(organizational structure, organizational standards,
responsibilities, rewards, organizational support and
commitment) each consisting of 5 statements. The
dependent variable is doctor's job satisfaction which
consists of 15 statements with alternative answers
namely agree (score 3), quite agree (score 2), less
agree (score 1). The results of the answers are
grouped into good if the score is 13-15, good enough
if the score is 9-12 and not good if the score is 5-8
(independent variable) and satisfied if the score is 36-
45, quite satisfied if the score is 25-35and less
satisfied if the score 15-24 (variable job satisfaction).
Data were analyzed univariately by describing the
frequency distribution of each study variable,
bivariately using Pearson product moment correlation
and multivariate using multiple linear regression
tests.
The results of the validity and reliability test of the
research variables conducted at RSIA Stella Maris
with 30 respondents obtained rcount> rtable, (0.361)
and cronbach alpha value calculated> 0.600, it is
assumed the question items on the questionnaire are
valid and reliable which can be seen in Table 1.
Table 1. Test results for validity and reliability
Variables
r
count
r tabel
Cronbach’s
Alpha
Organizational
structure
0,845 0,361 0,942
Organizational
standards
0,816 0,362 0,93
Responsibilities
0,854 0,361 0,946
Rewards
0,784 0,361 0,918
Organizational
su
pp
ort
0,677 0,361 0,856
Commitment
0,446 0,361 0,685
HIMBEP 2020 - International Conference on Health Informatics, Medical, Biological Engineering, and Pharmaceutical
208
Figure 1. Research Scheme
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Based on the results of questionnaire data from 56
respondents, the following results were obtained:
Organizational structure (column A), Organizational
standards (column B), Responsibilities (column C),
Awards (column D), Organizational support (Column
E), Commitments (column F), and Job satisfaction
(column G) each have the highest and lowest scores:
15 and 6 (mean 10.45), 15 and 5 (mean 10.18), 15 and
5 (mean 10.16), 15 and 5 (mean 10.14), 15 and 6
(mean 10.61), 15 and 5 (mean 10.21), 42 and 18
(mean 29.63). Of all the variables, the average
respondent's answer was quite good and satisfied.
Full results can be seen in Table 2.
From the questionnaire data a univariate analysis
was performed and the results were obtained.
Organizational structure: good results 23.2%, good
enough 55.4%, not good 21.4%. Organizational
standards: 17.9% good results, 55.4% good enough,
26.8% unfavorable. Responsibility: good results
21.4%, good enough 57.1%, not good 21.4%. Award:
33.9% good results, 35.7% good enough, 30.4% bad.
Organizational support: good results 28.6%, good
enough 53.6%, less good 17.9%. Commitment: good
results 26.8%, good enough 55.4%, less good 25.0%.
For the doctor's job satisfaction variable, the results
are 26.8% satisfied, 51.8% quite satisfied, 21.4% less
satisfied.
Table 2: Questionnaire Results Data.
NO
A
B
C
D
E
F
1 11 9 1313121333
213115 6 9 625
31111109 9 827
49971391328
5 15111314131537
6 10111213111333
7 10111012131231
8 9 11 9 8 9 9 28
9 1110101113 9 30
10 13 12 12 13 8 15 36
116136108 925
12 15 10 12 13 12 13 39
13111271091127
14 9 9 9 10 7 7 29
15 7 10 9 10111026
16 9 10 9 6 8 7 24
17 8 13 9 6 8 9 22
18 15 10 11 13 12 14 36
19 7 8 14 9 9 10 26
20 14 12 11 13 14 13 38
21 8 7 6 10 13 10 25
22 12 5 9 9 9 7 26
23 10 14 12 15 13 14 36
24 9 8 9 9 111029
2514 9 1214141338
26 15 9 14 5 8 6 22
27 8 9 12 9 121026
28 9 8 10 9 10 9 26
29 7 11 5 7 7 5 18
30 12 8 9 8 10 9 23
31 14 13 14 13 13 13 36
32 10 8 9 7 8 6 22
3311 7 1412111032
34 12 8 10 8 8 9 22
35 14 14 14 14 13 14 37
3696999721
37 10 11 8 10 10 12 29
38 9 13 10 5 9 7 24
39 7 8 8 7 9 12 28
40 7 10 6 8 6 9 23
41 13 10 13 12 13 12 35
429127 912929
43 11 13 14 13 14 15 42
44 9 12 9 8 9 7 28
4515 8 1313111236
46 9 8 9 6 11 9 28
47 9 12 9 6 9 8 28
48 14 13 14 13 15 12 40
49 11 9 9 10 11 8 25
50 9 111110131033
51 6 7 8 8 131223
52 11 15 14 14 13 7 40
53 14 12 12 15 9 13 39
54 9 141114111338
55 9 101011131030
56 7 5 8 6 10 7 22
Details of the results of the univariate analysis are
given in Table 3. The results of bivariate analysis
using Pearson product moment correlation test with
the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)
program obtained correlation coefficient (r)
organizational structure variables (r 0.681; p 0.000),
organizational standards (r 0.484; p 0.000),
responsibility (r 0,683; p 0,001), awards (r 0,868; p
0,001), organizational support (r 0,663; p 0,001) and
commitment (r 0,742; p 0,003). It can be seen that the
independent variable has a probability value smaller
than α = 0.05; this means that all organizational
climate variables were related to doctor satisfaction.
Organizational Climate and Doctor’s Works Satisfaction
209
Table 3: Variable Frequency Distribution.
Variables N %
Org.Structure
Good 13 23,2
Average 31 55,4
NotGood 12 21,4
Org.Standard
Good 10 17,9
Average 31 55,4
NotGood 15 26,8
Responsibilities
Good 12 21,4
Average 32 57,1
NotGood 12 21,4
Rewards
Good 16 33,9
Average 20 35,7
NotGood 17 30,4
Org.Support
Good 16 28,6
Average 30 53,6
NotGood 10 17,9
Commitment
Good 15 26,8
Average 27 55,4
NotGood 14 25
Commitment
Good 15 26,8
Average 29 51,8
NotGood 12 21,4
The strength of the relationship between the
variables based on the correlation coefficient
indicates the variable organizational structure,
responsibility, organizational support and
commitment are strong, organizational standards are
moderate and rewards are very strong. The coefficient
r was very strong relationship if the interval 0800-
1000; strong when the interval 0.600-0.799 and
medium if the interval 0.400-0.599. It is clear as the
following Table 4.
Table 4: Pearson Product Moment correlation test results
Variables
Pearson
Correlation
(
r
)
Significance
(p)
Organizational
structure
0,681
(
stron
g
)
0,000
Organizational
Standards
0,484
(
avera
g
e
)
0,000
Responsible 0,683
(
stron
g
)
0,001
Appreciation 0,868
(Very
strong)
0,001
Organizational
Support
0,663
(strong)
0,001
Commitment 0,742
(strong)
0,003
Based on multivariate analysis using multiple
linear regression tests with the Enter method on each
organizational climate variable (organizational
structure, organizational standards, responsibilities,
rewards, organizational support and commitment),
the multiple linear regression equation can be seen as
follows: Y = -0,383 + 0,420 X1 + 0.533X2 + 0.465X3
+ 0.759X4 + 0.384X5 + 0.374X4; Y's statement is
doctor's job satisfaction; α is a constant; β1 ... β6 is
the regression coefficient; X1 is the organizational
structure; X2 is an organizational standard; X3 is
responsibility; X4 is an award; X5 is organizational
support; and X6 is commitment.
The magnitude of the value of the coefficient B of
each organizational climate variable implies any
improvement in the organization's climate in terms of
organizational structure, organizational standards,
responsibilities, rewards, organizational support
commitment will lead to an increase in patient
satisfaction by the value of the coefficient B
respectively. The coefficient value of award B is the
largest, meaning it is the dominant factor affecting
doctor satisfaction. More clearly, as in Table 5 below.
Table 5: Results of testing the Coefficients hypothesis (a)
Variables
Nilai
B
Sig.
Constant
-
0,383
Organizational
structure
0,420
0,008
Organizational
standards
0,533
0,000
Responsibilities
0,465
0,004
Rewards
0,759
0,001
Organizational
suppor
t
0,384 0,042
Commitment
0,374 0,040
3.1 Organizational Structure
Respondents' answers about the organizational
climate in terms of organizational structure are quite
good (55.4%), the majority of respondents agreed
with the statement that doctors understand the
division of tasks given at the hospital and the planning
and coordination of hospital management encourage
doctor's work productivity. agree with the statement
of democratic decision making Pearson product
moment correlation test on the organizational
structure obtained p value = 0,000 <α means there is
HIMBEP 2020 - International Conference on Health Informatics, Medical, Biological Engineering, and Pharmaceutical
210
a relationship between organizational structure and
doctor job satisfaction. In the multiple linear
regression test, the coefficient value of organizational
structure B is 0.420; implies that any improvement in
the organization's climate from the aspect of
organizational structure will result in an increase in
doctor satisfaction.The organizational structure in
hospitals regarding decision-making by doctors is not
evely distributed,causing by doctors to be dissatisfied
and this can affect their health services. In this case,
the hospital needs to involve doctors in decision
making related to service.
The results of this study are in line with Wirawan's
statement that the organizational structure reflects the
feeling that employees in the organization are well
and have a clear definition of their roles and
responsibilities, for example the position of
employees in the company. Researchers found that
there were doctors who stated that the organizational
structure was not good but were satisfied at work.
This is due to the support of co-workers in performing
health service tasks to patients. This condition creates
a working climate and good mutual cooperation in
completing health service tasks and doctors feel
unburdened by the large number of patients to be
served (Wirawan, 2015).
3.2 Organizational Standards
Respondents' answers about organizational climate
from the aspect of organizational standards are quite
good (55.4%). The majority of respondents agree
with the statement that the hospital has a high
standard of work and the existence of an emphasis
that encourages performance. means there is a
relationship between organizational standards and
doctor satisfaction. The results of the multiple linear
regression test obtained the coefficient value of
organization standard B 0.533 which means that
every increase in organizational standards resulted in
an increase in doctor satisfaction by 0.533.One of the
criteria for a good doctor’s performance is being able
to complete their work on time.From research,there
are still doctors who have not carried out their duties
and responsibilities properly,this could be due to
fatique at work,so that the health services provided do
not satisfy the patient.This is accordance with
Panagioti’s opinion,et al,2018.In this case,hospitals
need a good division of tasks and if necessary
increase the numbers of doctors.
3.2.1 Responsible
Respondents' answers about organizational climate
from the aspect of responsibility were good enough
(57.1%). The majority of respondents agreed with the
statement that the same group and individual
assessments needed to be applied, some doctors
disagreed with the statement that doctors should try
to solve the problems themselves. The correlation test
results on the responsibility variable obtained p value
0.001 <α, meaning that there is a relationship of
responsibility with doctor satisfaction. The results of
multivariate analysis obtained a coefficient of B of
0.465; implies that any improvement in the
organization's climate from the aspect of
responsibility would result in an increase in doctor
satisfaction by 0.465. In this case, the management
needs to coordinate with the doctor regarding the
extent to which the doctor's responsibilities.
3.2.2 Appreciation
From the aspect of appreciation, the respondent's
answer was quite good (35.7%), the majority of
respondents agreed with the statement of honorarium
received in accordance with their duties and
responsibilities, but some of them disagreed with the
statement that the doctor received an award for his
performance results. Correlation test results showed
that there was a relationship award with doctor
satisfaction (p = 0.001). The results of the multiple
linear regression test obtained a coefficient value of
B of 0.759 which implies that any increase in
organizational climate from the aspect of appreciation
will result in an increase in doctor satisfaction by
0.759.
Compensation is an important factor that
influences how and why people who choose to work
in one organization rather than another (Mathis &
Jackson, 2006). Income, incentives, and work
environment have a major contribution for medical
personnel in providing an assessment of their
satisfaction with what they get from work and
motivation to improve performance (Danardono &
Personal, 2016).
3.2.3 Organizational Support
From the aspect of organizational support, the
respondents' answers were quite good (53.6%) the
majority of respondents agreed with the doctor's
statement that they received support and assistance
from colleagues when having difficulties.
organization with doctor satisfaction. In the multiple
linear regression test, the coefficient of organizational
Organizational Climate and Doctor’s Works Satisfaction
211
support B obtained a value of 0.384 which means that
any increase in organizational climate from the aspect
of appreciation will result in an increase in doctor
satisfaction by 0.384. / seminar so that it can cause a
doctor's satisfaction at work.
Previous studies have suggested that the
organizational support dimension is related to
doctor’s job satisfaction (Batura et al., 2016)
Doctors
who work feel that a good relationship with
colleaques can increase job satisfaction.(Filho, 2016).
Conflict resolution at work and ralationships with
other co-workers have an effect on the satisfaction of
health workers in Laos health centers.(Khamlub et al.,
2013).
Organizational support for providing training or
promotion activities is not evenly distributed and
transparant because the leadership still emphasizes
the aspects of closeness and kinship in providing
opportunities.The same opportunities for training and
promotion can stimulate doctors to work
harder.According to Werdhani,2017,efforts to
increase satisfaction,commitment,and determine the
direction of health services require management
support,information systems,and strengthening
leadership capacity.
3.2.4 Commitment
From the aspect of commitment, the respondent's
answer was quite good (55.4%), the majority of
doctors expressed their agreement about the doctors
having a high commitment in providing health
services and the doctors concerned about the progress
and development of this hospital. . Doctor's
commitment is the desire and determination in
doctors to provide health services in order to create a
work climate and a sense of pride, work unit
engagement and loyalty. Respondents expressed
concern in a variety of ways, because they consider
the hospital as part of themselves, by following
hospital regulations and by providing suggestions and
input for improving the image of the hospital and for
the prosperity of the hospital. In the correlation test
the value of p = 0.003 is obtained, which means there
is a relationship of commitment with doctor
satisfaction. Whereas in the multiple linear regression
test obtained the coefficient value of commitment B
was 0.374 which means that each improvement in the
organizational climate from the aspect of
commitment would result in an increase in doctor
satisfaction by 0.374. This is in line with research by
Sugiarto I, 2018 which states that organizational
climate and organizational commitment affect job
satisfaction which ultimately has a positive effect on
employee performance.
Commitment to the organization is the
relationship between the individual and his
organization, where a person with high commitment
shows a strong desire to become a member of the
organization and has a strong acceptance of the values
and goals of the organization. Commitment reflects
the members' sense of pride in their organization and
the degree of loyalty towards the achievement of
organizational goals. A strong sense of commitment
is associated with a low level of personal loyalty,
meaning that employees feel apathetic towards the
organization and its goals (Meeusen et al., 2011).
The results of this study are in line with Dewi's
research results that the organizational climate has a
positive and significant influence on job satisfaction.
In order to achieve harmony between parts of an
organization, a conducive climate needs to be built
within the organization, namely the climate within the
organization that allows each member to interact, set
work targets, and develop organizational members.
Through the process of interaction, members of the
organization examine the existence of trust, support,
or even openness to the decisions taken by members
of the organization to carry out work effectively and
creatively, engage themselves with the organization,
seize opportunities in the organization vigorously,
and to offer innovative ideas for organizational
improvement (Dewi and Swastadiguna, 2018).
Work satisfaction of health workers is very
important in building employee motivation and
efficiency because higher job satisfaction determines
better employee performance and higher levels of
patient satisfaction (Akula and Talluri, 2013). This
study is in line with the research of Mohamed and
Gaballah, who found that statistically there was a
positive and significant relationship between
organizational climate and nurse performance
(Abdullah Mohammed and Gaballah, 2018). This
research is also in line with the study of Syahidin,
2018 about the effect of compensation and motivation
on job satisfaction. Johny's research found a
significant relationship between organizational
climate and job satisfaction. These results can be
contributed to the organization's development
strategy and corporate policy making in the future
(Johny, P.R., Pradesh, 2020).
4 CONCLUSIONS
The results showed that the organizational climate
(P=0,000), organizational standards (p = 0,000),
HIMBEP 2020 - International Conference on Health Informatics, Medical, Biological Engineering, and Pharmaceutical
212
responsibilities (0,001), awards (0,001),
organizational support (0,001) and commitment
(0,003) with doctor job satisfaction. The award
dimension is the most dominant one related to
doctor's job satisfaction (B value = 0.759). Hospital
management can increase doctor's job satisfaction
through increasing organizational climate dimensions
such as establishing doctor's SOP based on indicators
of clarity of the right task, giving trust, regular
supervisors doing assessments, giving appropriate
workload awards, increasing teamwork and involving
more doctors as part of the unit his place of duty.
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