![](bgb.png)
6 CONCLUSION AND FURTHER
RESEARCH
This paper introduces rBPMN, a valid BPMN exten-
sion for unreliable communication environments with
limited, delayed, intermittent or broken connectivity.
Using rBPMN, domain experts may model robust sce-
narios with dynamic alternatives for failing message
transfers. Users may verify and enhance scenario ro-
bustness prior to runtime.
The BPMN meta model has been extended with
opportunistic message flows, enabling the definition
of QoS parameters and connectivity characteristics
for robustness verification. Alternatives may be de-
scribed explicitly with priorities or implicitly using
decision criteria to be evaluated dynamically by de-
cision engines. In case of no connectivity, locally
moved functionality of other actors/system parts guar-
antees stable process operation. rBPMN has been de-
signed as a lightweight, but powerful set of extension
concepts. It is extendable by more complex param-
eters and criteria for decision taking and robustness
verification, if required.
Further research objectives include practical eval-
uations of the proposed concepts for opportunistic
messaging, moveable functionality and dynamic de-
cision taking. In addition, research on a tool for as-
sisted troubleshooting of robustness issues seems to
be a promising help for domain experts.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The presented work is part of the OPeRAte project
(OPeRAte, 2019). OPeRAte is supported by funds
of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture
(BMEL) based on a decision of the Parliament of the
Federal Republic of Germany via the Federal Office
for Agriculture and Food (BLE) under the innovation
support program.
REFERENCES
Betke, H. and Seifert, M. (2017). BPMN for disaster
response processes. In INFORMATIK 2017, pages
1311–1324. Gesellschaft f
¨
ur Informatik, Bonn.
Bocciarelli, P. and D’Ambrogio, A. (2011). A BPMN exten-
sion for modeling non functional properties of busi-
ness processes. In Proceedings of the 2011 Sympo-
sium on Theory of Modeling & Simulation: DEVS In-
tegrative M&S Symposium, pages 160–168. Society
for Computer Simulation International.
Bocciarelli, P., D’Ambrogio, A., Giglio, A., and Paglia, E.
(2014). Simulation-based performance and reliabil-
ity analysis of business processes. In Proceedings of
the 2014 Winter Simulation Conference, pages 3012–
3023. IEEE Press.
Bocciarelli, P., D’Ambrogio, A., Giglio, A., and Paglia,
E. (2016). A BPMN extension to enable the explicit
modeling of task resources. In CIISE, pages 40–47.
Bocciarelli, P., D’Ambrogio, A., Giglio, A., and Paglia,
E. (2017). A BPMN extension for modeling cyber-
physical-production-systems in the context of Indus-
try 4.0. In 14th International Conference on Network-
ing, Sensing and Control (ICNSC), pages 599–604.
IEEE.
Bocciarelli, P. and D’Ambrogio, A. (2014). A model-driven
method for enacting the design-time qos analysis of
business processes. Software & Systems Modeling,
13(2):573–598.
Braun, R. (2015). Behind the scenes of the BPMN ex-
tension mechanism principles, problems and options
for improvement. In 3rd International Conference
on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Develop-
ment (MODELSWARD), pages 1–8. IEEE.
Braun, R. and Esswein, W. (2014a). Classification of
domain-specific BPMN extensions. In IFIP Working
Conference on The Practice of Enterprise Modeling,
pages 42–57. Springer.
Braun, R. and Esswein, W. (2014b). Entwicklung einer
BPMN-Extension f
¨
ur ressourcen-intensive Prozesse
im Maschinenbau. Tagungsband Multikonferenz
Wirtschaftsinformatik, 2014:1574–1586.
Braun, R., Schlieter, H., Burwitz, M., and Esswein, W.
(2014). BPMN4CP: Design and implementation of
a BPMN extension for clinical pathways. In 2014
IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and
Biomedicine (BIBM), pages 9–16. IEEE.
Camunda (2019). Workflow and Decision Automation Plat-
form, www.camunda.com (2019-09-03).
Domingos, D., Resp
´
ıcio, A., and Martinho, R. (2016). Us-
ing resource reliability in BPMN processes. Procedia
Computer Science, 100:1280–1288.
D
¨
orndorfer, J. and Seel, C. (2017). A meta model based
extension of BPMN 2.0 for mobile context sensi-
tive business processes and applications. 13. Inter-
nationale Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik (WI2017).
Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J., and Reijers, H. A.
(2018). Fundamentals of Business Process Manage-
ment. Springer, second edition.
Fall, K. (2003). A delay-tolerant network architecture for
challenged internets. In Proceedings of the 2003 con-
ference on Applications, technologies, architectures,
and protocols for computer communications, pages
27–34. ACM.
Geiger, M., Harrer, S., Lenhard, J., and Wirtz, G. (2018).
BPMN 2.0: The state of support and implementation.
Future Generation Computer Systems, 80:250–262.
Graja, I., Kallel, S., Guermouche, N., and Kacem, A. H.
(2016). BPMN4CPS: A BPMN extension for mod-
eling cyber-physical systems. In 25th International
Conference on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure
Resilient BPMN: Robust Process Modeling in Unreliable Communication Environments
191