![](bg9.png)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The presented work is conducted in the projects Sonn-
Wende+ (FFG 2808377) and Blockchain Grid (FFG
3089755), funded by the Austrian Climate and En-
ergy Fund (KLIEN) and the Austrian Research Pro-
motion Agency (FFG).
REFERENCES
Ahl, A., Yarime, M., Goto, M., Chopra, S. S., Kumar,
N. M., Tanaka, K., and Sagawa, D. (2020). Exploring
blockchain for the energy transition: Opportunities
and challenges based on a case study in Japan. Renew-
able and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 117:109488.
Alladi, T., Chamola, V., Rodrigues, J. J. P. C., and Kozlov,
S. A. (2019). Blockchain in Smart Grids: A Review
on Different Use Cases. Sensors, 19(22):4862.
Andoni, M., Robu, V., Flynn, D., Abram, S., Geach, D.,
Jenkins, D., McCallum, P., and Peacock, A. (2019).
Blockchain technology in the energy sector: A sys-
tematic review of challenges and opportunities. Re-
newable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 100:143–
174.
Article 29 Data Protection Working Party (2014). Opinion
05/2014 on Anonymisation Techniques.
Article 29 Data Protection Working Party (2017). Guide-
lines on Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
and determining whether processing is “likely to re-
sult in a high risk” for the purposes of Regulation
2016/679.
Article 29 Data Protection Working Party (2018). Guide-
lines on Automated individual decision-making and
Profiling for the purposes of Regulation 2016/679.
Ateniese, G., Magri, B., Venturi, D., and Andrade, E.
(2017). Redactable blockchain – or – rewriting his-
tory in bitcoin and friends. In 2017 IEEE European
Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS P), pages
111–126.
Casino, F., Dasaklis, T. K., and Patsakis, C. (2019). A sys-
tematic literature review of blockchain-based applica-
tions: Current status, classification and open issues.
Telematics and Informatics, 36:55 – 81.
Cejka, S. (2020). Energiegemeinschaften im Clean En-
ergy Package der EU. ecolex – Fachzeitschrift f
¨
ur
Wirtschaftsrecht. in german, to appear.
Cejka, S., Knorr, F., and Kintzler, F. (2019). Privacy issues
in Smart Buildings by examples in Smart Metering. In
25th International Conference on Electricity Distribu-
tion (CIRED).
de Vries, A. (2018). Bitcoin’s Growing Energy Problem.
Joule, 2(5):801 – 805.
EU Blockchain Observatory and Forum (2018). Blockchain
and the GDPR.
European Commission (2019a). 2030 climate & en-
ergy framework. https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/
strategies/2030 en (accessed on 17.02.2020).
European Commission (2019b). Clean Energy for All Eu-
ropeans. Publications Office of the European Union,
Luxembourg.
European Commission (2019c). Clean energy for all
Europeans package. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/
en/topics/energy-strategy-and-energy-union/
clean-energy-all-europeans (accessed on
17.02.2020).
Finck, M. (2019a). Blockchain regulation and governance
in Europe. Cambridge University Press.
Finck, M. (2019b). Smart contracts as a form of solely au-
tomated processing under the GDPR. International
Data Privacy Law, 9(2):78–94.
Frieden, D., Tuerk, A., Roberts, J., d’Herbemont, S., and
Gubina, A. (2019). Collective self-consumption
and energy communities: Overview of emerging
regulatory approaches in Europe. Technical report.
https://www.compile-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/
COMPILE Collective self-consumption EU review
june 2019 FINAL-1.pdf (accessed on 17.02.2020).
Greveler, U., Justus, B., and Loehr, D. (2012). Multime-
dia content identification through smart meter power
usage profiles. In Computers, Privacy and Data Pro-
tection (CPDP).
IPCC (2014). Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Cli-
mate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to
the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change.
Joint Research Centre (2019). Blockchain now and tom-
morow. Publications Office of the European Union.
Martinez, J., Ruiz, A., Puelles, J., Arechalde, I., and
Miadzvetskaya, Y. (2019). Smart Grid Challenges
through the lens of the European General Data Pro-
tection Regulation. In 28th International Conference
on Information Systems Development (ISD2019).
Politou, E., Casino, F., Alepis, E., and Patsakis, C. (2019).
Blockchain mutability: Challenges and proposed so-
lutions. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in
Computing, pages 1–1.
Tang, G., Wu, K., Lei, J., and Xiao, W. (2015). The meter
tells you are at home! Non-intrusive occupancy detec-
tion via load curve data. In 2015 IEEE International
Conference on Smart Grid Communications (Smart-
GridComm), pages 897–902.
UNFCCC (2016). The Paris Agreement. https://unfccc.
int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/
the-paris-agreement (accessed on 17.02.2020).
University of Cambridge (2020). Cambridge bitcoin elec-
tricity consumption index. https://www.cbeci.org/ (ac-
cessed on 17.02.2020).
Vranken, H. (2017). Sustainability of bitcoin and
blockchains. Current Opinion in Environmental Sus-
tainability, 28:1 – 9. Sustainability governance.
Zyskind, G., Nathan, O., and Pentland, A. (2015). Decen-
tralizing Privacy: Using Blockchain to Protect Per-
sonal Data. 2015 IEEE Security and Privacy Work-
shops, pages 180–184.
A Blockchain-based Privacy-friendly Renewable Energy Community
103