Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of

Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises

Аnna А. Gavrilova

, Еlena А. Matveeva

and Svetlana G. Simagina

Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia

Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics, Samara, Russia

Samara University, Samara, Russia

Keywords: Organization, Management, Power Supply, Energy Efficiency Improving, Information System, System

Analysis.

Abstract: Complex analysis of organization of energy efficient machinery production was carried out, trends of

efficiency improvement of power resources utilization and production costs reduction were defined. It is

shown that increasing the efficiency of machine-building enterprises depends on many factors: market

conditions, the tax system, tariffs and prices for energy resources, transport services, etc. A serious problem

is a significant increase in the energy component in the cost of production. The energy efficiency of machine-

building enterprises is inextricably linked with production technologies, which in a certain way affects the

cost of production. Cost reduction can be achieved not only by solving optimization problems, but also by

solving problems related to the energy intensity of production. Such problems include: high energy

consumption of products; insufficient efficiency of generation, transportation and distribution of energy

resources; low reliability of energy supply; insufficient volume or low reliability of information about the

operation of the energy infrastructure. The high energy consumption of products is a serious problem that

affects the increase in the cost of production and, consequently, the decrease in the competitiveness of the

enterprise. The sustainable development of a machine-building enterprise is possible by increasing its

competitiveness. The economic effect is determined by a set of actions that ensure the efficiency of production

in all ke indicators, which ensures the sustainability of the company's development.

1 INTRODUCTION

Machine-building enterprises are complex production

systems producing highly engineered manufactured

articles of different purpose. Specialization of

machine-building enterprises is defined by industry

classification of product consumers used in aircraft

industry, machine tool industry, chemical and

petroleum machine building, automobile

construction, agricultural machinery industry, ship

building, road construction machine building, tool

engineering.

Modern economic conditions have essentially

changed the conditions and the mode of operation of

manufacturing enterprises. The integration of Russia

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6598-6518

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-2620

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8550-546X



into the global economy requires enterprise

improving competitiveness, improvement of product

quality both in the sense of technical features and in

the sense of cost performance, using advanced

information technologies.

In recent years, as part of the implementation of

the tasks set out in the national project "Improving

productivity", work has been actively carried out to

replace outdated technologies and equipment, which

can significantly increase labor productivity at

enterprises. In addition, these measures can reduce

the energy consumption of production and,

accordingly, make products more competitive

(Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017; Merker, 2014).

Improvement of efficiency of national machinery

production depends on numerous system-wide

Anna, G., Elena, M. and Svetlana, S.

Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises.

DOI: 10.5220/0010610308330839

In Proceedings of the International Scientiﬁc and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure (ISSDRI 2021), pages 833-839

ISBN: 978-989-758-519-7

833

factors: market conditions, taxation system, tariffs

and prices of power resources and transportation

services etc. Machine-building enterprise is a

complex system carrying out a number of principal

and auxiliary processes. The processes of

preproduction and engineering output require

harmonized and rhythmical performing of all types of

activities: solving organizational and technical tasks,

and material service operation of productive

processes. Nowadays a serious problem is the

essential increase of energy component in product

cost which is up to 40% (Gavrilova and Salov, 2020;

Industry Standard 27322–87, Industry Standard

31607–2012, Industry Standard Р 51750–2001;

Merker, 2014; Paramonov, 2009).

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

As a comprehensive analysis of the management

systems currently operating at enterprises has shown,

the most significant problems arise when solving

production planning tasks, logistics tasks, as well as

tasks related to the energy efficiency of production

(Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017;

Mesheryakova, 2020).

One of the most important aspects of the study of

complex systems is the endowment of their

structures. Since it is necessary to consider the mutual

coordination of various aspects of the system, as well

as the interaction of the elements of the system, it is

necessary to model not only the individual elements

of the system, but also the system as a whole.

Quite often, tuple modeling of systems is used.

Tuple modeling is a description of the model in

mathematical form and allows us to consider the

system from the point of view of a set of interrelated

factors (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017).

Management Mashinostroitelny enterprise can be

represented as a multidimensional problem-oriented

models in the form of a "tuple-six":



lmklmllmklmll

JNFSPQM ,,,,,

(1)

where Ql – essential content problems; - Plm –

breakdown structure of the underlying issues Ml;-

Slmk – functional model and objectives formalizing

the described structure Plm;- Fl – methodological

means of addressing Ml; - Nlm – solving methods

decomposion problems Plm and functional tasks

Slmk; - Jlmk – the set of information needed to solve

the problems of Plm and objectives Slmk methods

Nlm.

In the selection of characteristic properties and

characteristics, and the index m corresponds to the

feature of isolating the structures of the problem Prl,

the index k in the constructions and-the feature of

determining the functional properties of the

components.

Identifying the processes and parameters of the

system allows you to solve the problem of ensuring

the adequacy of the model to the real system. The

tuple representation of the model reflects its structure,

defines the purpose and characteristics of the

functioning of the system.

Considering the enterprise model as an object of

management, we can conclude that the essence of Q1

is the specifics of production from the point of view

of management theory. The decomposition of Ql at

the lower level of the hierarchy is implemented by

separating the structural models:- P11-consistency of

plant-wide, inter-shop and intra-shop plans; - P12-

balance of flows of products, materials, components,

variety of technological processes and operations,

multiple routes of movement of parts; - P13-

relationships and interactions of production,

management, social, financial, energy and logistics

factors.

The composition of functional models and tasks

corresponding to the isolated structural models,

m=1,2,3, is determined by the components: - S111-

calendar plans; - S112-operational plans; - S113-

division plans; - S121-structuring of the

nomenclature of processed products, raw materials

and components; - S122-sequence of operations and

routes of movement of batches of processed products;

- S123-loading of equipment by technological

processes and workplaces; - S131-approval of

production models; - S132-decomposition of all

levels of goals, strategies and plans into production

tasks; - S133-setting new management tasks in

accordance with energy consumption and

improvement of production technologies.

The methodology for solving Pr1 problems has

adopted the concept of system analysis of

management objects.

The basis for solving the P1m and S1mk problems

are the methods:

- N11 - theory of active systems; - N12-operations

research; - N13-diagnostics and identification.

The J1mk information required to build the P1m,

S1mk models is determined by the following data

sets: - J111-time horizons of planning; - J112-output

volumes; - J113-planned production tasks; - J121-

nomenclature and batch volumes of processed

products, parts, and assemblies;- J122-composition of

equipment, technologies, operations;- J123 - routes of

ISSDRI 2021 - International Scientiﬁc and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure

834

movement of parties on workplaces; - J131-

components of material costs; - J132-available

capacities and resources; - J133-disturbing factors

and impacts.

The basis for solving problems,, formalizing the

problem of Pr1 are the methods: - N11-theory of

active systems; - N12-operations research; - N13-

diagnostics and identification.

The information required to build the model,, is

determined by data sets: - J111-time horizons of

planning; - J112-production volumes; - J113-planned

tasks of production; - J121-nomenclature and

volumes of batches of products, parts, components; -

J122-composition of equipment, technologies,

operations;

- J123 - routes of movement of parties on

workplaces; - J131-components of material and

energy costs; - J132 –disturbing factors and impacts;

- J133-the cost of creating a control system.

In general, the enterprise management system is a

complex system. The complexity lies in the huge

number of factors and states of the object under

consideration and the variety of relationships between

them, which must be taken into account when making

decisions to improve management (Matveeva and

Simagina, 2016, 2017). One of the most important

factors is the organization of energy supply to the

enterprise. The management of the energy system is

the most important component of the sustainable

development of the enterprise.

3 THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY.

ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION

ENTERPRISES POWER

SUPPLY

For machine-building enterprises energy efficiency

is closely related to production techniques. The

carried-out analysis demonstrated that to reduce

production cost it is necessary to solve problems

related to energy-output ratio such as: high product

energy consumption; insufficient generation

efficiency; transportation and distribution of energy

resources; poor power supply reliability; insufficient

volume of information or low data reliability about

energy infrastructure performance; excessive energy

consumption of obsolete and worn-out principal

process.

High energy consumption of products is the main

problem owing to the fact that it influences on

production cost increasing and as a result it influences

on reduction of enterprise competitiveness (Merker,

2014).

To carry out productive process machine-building

enterprises accommodate ensembles of shopfloors

which are the main enterprise structural units.

Every shopfloor in its turn has a complex structure

with its division into production and auxiliary

sections which are likewise main enterprise structure

elements (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016, 2017;

Mesheryakova, 2020). Enterprise efficiency of

performance in whole crucially depends on

organization of business process management of

enterprises at all the stages and levels in reference to

resource allocation, supplies and utilities and

financial support (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016,

2017; Merker, 2014).

Generation of energy resources in its turn needs

industrial consumers for reliable power supply of

production processes with high technical-economic

indicators. In recent 20 years specific energy

consumption of production has increased by one and

a half times mainly on account of industrial

consumption reduction which resulted in energy

efficiency decrease not only in production, but also in

energy consumption.

Energy component of product costs is

summarized as part of the processes of energy

transformation, distribution and utilization. The

maximum effect of energy conservation measures is

achieved in the process of energy efficiency

consumption which is carried out effectually at

machine-building enterprises.

The value of energy component is also affected by

energy to output ratio, heat and electrical energy tariff

values, and overall power consumption of enterprises,

which contribute to possible directions of energy

component reduction of product costs (Merker,

2014).

Electric power supply system is divided into

separate power generating companies, transmission

companies and retail companies; moreover, a lot of

power subpurchasers have appeared which on the

whole results in essential increase of energy resources

costs.

We intend to carry out the analysis of production

enterprises power supply organization. For

production enterprises centralized, decentralized,

combined modes of power supply are possible. In

accordance with specific situation each mode can

have both advantages and disadvantages.

Large-scale energy-consuming industrial

enterprises connected to the centralized power supply

systems, purchase heat and electric energy according

to approved fares. This scheme does not require

Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises

835

substantial investments, the energy for consumers

remains an external business resource.

Some large-scale energy-consuming industrial

enterprises having fuel resources, switch to

decentralized power supply systems, creating their

own energy sources. This mode of power supply

allows eliminating costs of fixed power payment, de

facto consumed energy and power transmission.

However, substantial costs of new energy

production organization are needed which requires

carrying out complex analysis of costs, risks, and

payback time. Constant demand in resources for

energy production occurs: investments, labour,

information, fuel and water resources and etc., which

in its turn requires numerous reconciliations with

compliance monitoring authorities, implementation

of legislation, rules and normative standards, and

compliance with safety rules at hazardous production

facilities.

To manage machine-building enterprises

effectively it is necessary to create information

management systems of energy production which are

necessary to integrate into existing management

systems. For this purpose it is necessary to organize

information automated systems of control and

regulating of energy production technological

process parameters, and constructing new, more

complex management hierarchical structure of

enterprises totally.

Thus, the organization of decentralized power

supply systems for machine-building enterprises

contributes to occurrence of new objectives and

functions which require the transformation of existing

production facility business structure, and

management system transformation with account for

energy production management.

Some industrial enterprises choose a combined

mode of power supply if a part of energy resources

are purchased at energy market but another part is

generated by themselves. In this case there are

disadvantages of both decentralized power supply

systems and combined power supply systems

(Gavrilova and Salov, 2020).

Let us analyze the activity of energy facility which

uses decentralized power supply system or is a part of

a combined power supply system of industrial

consumers.

Power utility system performance is defined by

interaction of internal components combined into

subsystems, and by the impact of the environment.

For our analysis we use an abstract infrastructural

model of a power generating company which is

analyzed as represented by Figure 1 (Gavrilova and

Salov, 2020).

Internal and external activities of a power

generating company are the main subsystems of the

infrastructural model.

1. Internal activities includes blocks of

“production resources”’ “energy resources”;

“industrial processes”; “management systems” of

power facilities and power facilities products (block

“energy output”).

Figure 1: Infrastructural model of a power generating company.

ISSDRI 2021 - International Scientiﬁc and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure

836

2. External activities of a power generating

company are the interaction processes with the

environment. The block “republican power utility

system” includes federal grid companies, regional

grid companies, power generating companies and

power supply companies. Block “Power consumers”

includes industrial enterprises, state and public

establishments, residential energy consumers.

Power supply system connected with other power

generating companies and power suppliers, which

generate electric power, has an opportunity in case of

economic viability either to supply electric power

excess amount to the federal market, or purchase

electric power from Unified Energy System.

4 DISCUSSION OF THE

RESULTS. ENTERPRISE

POWER UTILITY SYSTEM

MANAGEMENT

The main task of power utility system management,

taking into account the external effects, is the

identification of external essential factors in solving

the following internal tasks.

1. Power generation with the highest economic

indicators. Herewith, it is necessary to generate power

at a rate which is demanded by consumers at the given

moment. This condition overlays fairly hard

constraints on the choice of utilities equipment

operational conditions.

2. Timely supply of power utility system with

necessary production resources in real time. Specific

nature of utilization gas as a fuel makes energy

production support with continuous process, which

requires taking into account a number of factors.

3. Uninterrupted operation support of the

principal and auxiliary equipment of power

generating companies. Accidents at power facilities

shut the power supply process, result in power cuts to

consumers, and consequently, disrupt uninterrupted

operation of industrial (machine-building)

enterprises.

The interaction structure of power engineering

and management technologies of a power generating

company is presented in Fig.2. Power engineering

technologies of a power generating company are

structurally presented in the form of three interrelated

subsystems:

1. Subsystem “infrastructural technologies”

conduct processes of converting steam heat energy of

high parameters into mechanical energy of generator

unit rotor spinning generating electrical power.

2. Subsystem “energy-saving technologies”

handles a problem of process optimization of

converting internal fuel energy into heat energy and

electrical power.

3. Subsystem “resources preparation

technologies” carries out processes of preparation

fuel, water and energy resources to utilization in the

principal technological processes.

Figure 2: Structure of power engineering and management technologies of a power generating company.

Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises

837

For maintenance of subsystem activities it is

necessary to organize control of principal and

auxiliary technological parameters which feature

power generating processes. At present control and

measuring of the parameter majority is carried out

constantly by means of automated control facilities,

or by carrying out repetitive manual probing in the

absence of automated facilities.

For improvement of power generating multiple

efficiency within the conditions of constant reforms

in principles of organization and management

techniques of power generating companies it is

necessary to conduct studies of internal and external

industrial-engineering relations and enterprise

parameter state on the basis of system approaches and

mathematical model method, it is necessary to

evaluate operating benefits of power generating

companies taking into account the participation of

different resources in electrical power system activity

outcomes (Matveeva and Simagina, 2016).

Furthermore, it is necessary to introduce energy

efficiency technologies including energy

conservation equipment fitting and implementation

of measures of energy saving; energy saving

measures in buildings and structures, which are a

complex of measures targeted at reduction of utilized

energy resources volume without sacrificing gross

output, volume of works etc.; organisational energy

saving, conditioning energy saving culture increase

and administrative procedures on managing energy

consumption within 24 hours (Gavrilova and Salov,

2020; Merker, 2014). These measures give the

possibility identify increased costs of energy

resources owing to low load ratio of machines and

equipment, erratic operation of principal equipment,

related to downtime without source of power cutting-

off, which occurs owing to the fact not related to

equipment reset of the shopfloor to start output of

another type of product (Matveeva and Simagina,

2016, 2017; Merker, 2014).

5 CONCLUSIONS

The implementation of comprehensive measures to

improve production efficiency, including measures to

reduce the energy component, led to the following

results: the volume of production from the same

capacities increased by 30-43 %, the duration of the

production cycle decreased by 24-32 %, the cost of

products decreased by 28-36 % (Matveeva and

Simagina, 2016, 2017). Problem solving of

improvement of power resources utilization

efficiency makes it possible to reduce energy

component in product cost, increase enterprise

competitive abilities. To identify possible energy

consumption at all stages of product life cycle it is

necessary to carry out a system-related energy audit

of all stages of machine-building industry (Gavrilova

and Salov, 2020; Merker, 2014).

While analyzing production systems it is critical

to begin with ultimate customers, afterwards it is

necessary to proceed to distributive system and in the

last turn to conduct studies of energy conversion.

Systems-based approach identified the

dependence of energy efficiency of energy

distribution and energy conversion processes on final

consumption decrease which results in decrease of

losses while distributing energy, since less energy for

transmission. To reduce energy consumption is

possible by means of automation employment,

process improvement and loss enhancement.

Taken as a whole, energy management of a

machine-building enterprise is a complex process

which requires influencing factor complex studies,

system relations studies, and enterprise performance

and development mechanisms studies with reference

to economic change.

REFERENCES

Gavrilova, A.A., Salov, A.G. (2020). Systemic Analysis of

Energy Systems in the New Economy, 2020

International Multi-Conference on Industrial

Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon),

Vladivostok, pages 1-4, doi:

10.1109/FarEastCon50210.2020.9271638.

Matveeva, E.A., Simagina, S.G. (2017). Functional

management of the economic activitie of industrial

Systems. MATEC Web of Conferences, 129, pages 1-5,

04007 DOI:10.1051/matecconf/201712904007

Matveeva, E.A., Simagina, S.G. (2016). Manufacturing

Process Optimization at Enterprises. Key engineering

materials, 684: 409-413

Industry Standard 27322–87 The Energy Balance of the

Enterprise. General Concepts”

Industry Standard 31607–2012 Energy Conservation.

Norm-method Securing. Basic concept”.

Industry Standard Р 51750–2001 Energy Conservation.

Methods for Determination of Energy Capacity on

Production of Output and Rendering of Services in

Technological Energy Systems. General Principles.

(p.6.2. Nature of Possible of Power Losses and Methods

of their Reduction at Stages of Product Life Cycle and

Performance of Services).

Merker, E. E. (2014). Energy Conservation in Industry and

Exergy Analysis of Technological Processes.

Educational Aid, M.: TNT, 316 p.

ISSDRI 2021 - International Scientiﬁc and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure

838

Mesheryakova, T.S. Energy Consumption Analysis of

Industrial Enterprises under Present-day Conditions.

http://www.abok.ru/for_spec/articles.php?nid=615

Paramonov F.I andSoldak U.М. (2009). Theoretical

Framework of Production Management, 280 p.

Publishing House: BINOM. LZ.

Polyanichko, М.V. (2017). Methodological Approach to

Enterprise Energy Efficiency Management.

Management State-of-the-art Technology, 3 (75): 7503.

https://sovman.ru/article/7503/

Management of Energy Supply of Production as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Machine-building Enterprises

839