Adversarial Examples by Perturbing High-level Features in Intermediate Decoder Layers

Vojtěch Čermák, Lukáš Adam

2022

Abstract

We propose a novel method for creating adversarial examples. Instead of perturbing pixels, we use an encoder-decoder representation of the input image and perturb intermediate layers in the decoder. This changes the high-level features provided by the generative model. Therefore, our perturbation possesses semantic meaning, such as a longer beak or green tints. We formulate this task as an optimization problem by minimizing the Wasserstein distance between the adversarial and initial images under a misclassification constraint. We employ the projected gradient method with a simple inexact projection. Due to the projection, all iterations are feasible, and our method always generates adversarial images. We perform numerical experiments by fooling MNIST and ImageNet classifiers in both targeted and untargeted settings. We demonstrate that our adversarial images are much less vulnerable to steganographic defence techniques than pixel-based attacks. Moreover, we show that our method modifies key features such as edges and that defence techniques based on adversarial training are vulnerable to our attacks.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Čermák V. and Adam L. (2022). Adversarial Examples by Perturbing High-level Features in Intermediate Decoder Layers. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART, ISBN 978-989-758-547-0, pages 496-507. DOI: 10.5220/0010892800003116

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icaart22,
author={Vojtěch Čermák and Lukáš Adam},
title={Adversarial Examples by Perturbing High-level Features in Intermediate Decoder Layers},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART,},
year={2022},
pages={496-507},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0010892800003116},
isbn={978-989-758-547-0},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART,
TI - Adversarial Examples by Perturbing High-level Features in Intermediate Decoder Layers
SN - 978-989-758-547-0
AU - Čermák V.
AU - Adam L.
PY - 2022
SP - 496
EP - 507
DO - 10.5220/0010892800003116