Effect of Stereoscopic Planting on Physiology and Biochemistry of Oil

Peony Leaves

Lilinxin Ni

Xueling Yue

, Mengjiao Shi

, Bilin Fu

and Sanlin Wu

1,*

College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, 614000, Sichuan, China

College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin’an, Zhejiang, China

Keywords:

Oil Peony, Idesia Polycarpa, Stereoscopic Planting, Physiology and Biochemistry.

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of stereoscopic planting of trees and shrubs planting on the physiology and

biochemistry of oil peony, the growth indexes of peony leaves used in vertical and non-vertical planting were

measured: the leaf width, the leaf length, the crown width and the plant height, chlorophyll content, soluble

protein content, soluble sugar content, MDA content, SOD activity, POD activity and CAT activity. The results

showed that the stereoscopic planting of oil peony and idesia polycarpa could provide a suitable growing

environment for the oil peony, so the stereoscopic planting of trees and shrubs was more suitable for the oil

peony.

1 INTRODUCTION

Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr) is a famous,

traditional, ornamental and medicinal plant in China,

and has strong resistance to adversity and wide

ecological adaptability. In recent years, Paeonia

rockii and Paeonia ostii among peonies have been

listed as woody oil plants, collectively referred to as

oil peony, because of their high seed setting rate, rich

oil in seeds and good oil quality. According to

research, the oil content of peony seed oil is generally

25% to 28%, and the content of unsaturated fatty

acids is above 90%, and the content of linolenic acid

is above 40%. It is rich in terpenoids, polyphenols and

other non-volatile components, and has certain

antioxidant, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering,

antibacterial, cardiovascular disease prevention and

other effects. Idesia polycarpa var. vestita Diels is a

woody oil plant belonging to Idesia in Salicaceae.

The fruit is rich in oil, the content of which is up to

40%, and the oil contains more higher fatty acids and

polyunsaturated fatty acids, among which linoleic

acid is the most abundant, accounting for about 60%

of the oil content (Li 2019). Therefore, peony is

rapidly developing as an emerging woody oil plant

(Feng 2019).

Stereoscopic planting is a comprehensive

matching technology that establishes multi-crop

symbiosis, multi-level structure and multi-level

functional cycle based on the characteristics of

natural resources and the characteristics of different

crops, with the goal of improving the yield, economic

and ecological benefits within a certain production

cycle

(Gao 2013). Song Huibo et al believe that the

choice of the stereoscopic planting of deciduous trees

and oil peony is a beneficial way of planting oil peony.

Taking Heze City as an example, deciduous trees

such as Toona sinensis, walnut and ash that germinate

from March to April and grow their leaves in June can

be selected (Song 2021).

Chen Fazhi et al believe that

the stereoscopic planting of autumn frost pear and oil

peony can improve land-use efficiency and output. In

summer, autumn frost pear trees provide a shady

environment for oil peony and prolong the growth

cycle of oil peony (Chen 2021). Oil peony is a

perennial deciduous, shallow-rooted small shrub, and

idesia polycarpa is a deep-rooted tree and lighting-

loving tree, with alternate simple leaves and broadly

ovate. The leaf blade margin is sparse and shallow

crenate, with scattered glands on the petiole, large

leaf spacing, good ventilation effect and good light

transmission. If stereoscopic planting is carried out,

there will not be a great conflict in water and fertilizer

utilization, and the oil peony can get proper shade and

sufficient light (Hu 2009).

In this experiment, the effects of stereoscopic

planting on the physiology and biochemistry of oil

peony were studied by using the stereoscopic planting

of idesia polycarpa

and oil peony as the test materials,

and the leaf growth indexes and physiological and

Ni, L., Yue, X., Shi, M., Fu, B. and Wu, S.

Effect of Stereoscopic Planting on Physiology and Biochemistry of Oil Peony Leaves.

DOI: 10.5220/0011206300003443

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics (ICBEB 2022), pages 327-330

ISBN: 978-989-758-595-1

327

biochemical indexes of oil peony were measured. The

aim is to provide theoretical basis for stereoscopic

planting of idesia polycarpa and oil peony.

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1 Test Base

The experimental site is located in Gaoyan village,

Qingping Town, Central District of Leshan City, in

the humid subtropical climate zone. It has the

characteristics of warm winter and hot summer, four

distinct seasons, abundant heat, rain in hot season,

moderate rainfall, long frostless period and less

sunshine.

The annual average temperature is 17.4 ℃,

and the extreme minimum temperature is - 4.3 ℃,

and the extreme maximum temperature is 38.1 ℃.

The annual sunshine duration is 1177.9 h, the average

annual frostless period is 339 d, the average annual

rainfall is 1386 mm, the average annual relative

humidity is 81%, and the average annual total solar

radiation is 7.13 kcal / cm

. The terrain shallow hill

with sea level of 359.8-471m, sandy soil and good air

permeability.

2.2 Test Materials and Treatment

The test material was 4 a-bearing 'Fengdan ', which

belonged to the Jiangnan peony variety group, and is

a variety group of medicine oil combination formed

by the long-term cultivation evolution of Yangshan

peony (Paeonia ostii T.Hong et J.X.Zhang. The plant

line spacing was 0.6×0.6 m. The plant line spacing of

idesia polycarpa was 3 × 3.5 m. The experiment was

conducted on the morning of March 27, 2021. Five

oil peonies planted in stereo and non-stereo were

selected separately, and their leaf length, leaf width,

crown width and plant height were measured with a

tape measure, and the average value was recorded.

Three functional leaves were also collected, wrapped

in tinfoil and brought back to the laboratory for

determination.

2.3 Test Method

The chlorophyll content of oil peony leaves was

determined by chlorophyll portable meter (SYS-

LAM-B). Soluble sugar content was determined by

anthrone colorimetry (Li 2012) standard curve was: y

= 0.0147x + 0.2238, R² = 0.9902. The soluble protein

was stained with Thomas Brilliant Blue G-250 (Lu

2015) and the standard curve was: y = 0.018x -

0.0127, R² = 0.9954. Malondialdehyde content in

leaves was determined by thiobarbituric acid (Lu

2015); catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase

activities were determined by spectrophotometric

method.

2.4 Data Analysis

Data were analyzed significantly using SPSS 19.0

and statistical analysis of data was performed using

Excel 2010 software.

3 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

3.1 Leaf Growth Index of Oil Peony

Grown in Stereo

Tab. 1 shows that the leaf length, leaf width, crown

width and the plant height of oil peonies planted in

stereo with

idesia polycarpa were superior to those of

non- stereo with oil peonies. The average leaf length,

leaf width, crown width and plant height of oil peony

planted in stereo were 8 cm, 27 cm, 17 cm and 26 cm

larger than those of oil peony planted in monoculture,

respectively.

3.2 Leaf Physiological and Biochemical

Indexes of Oil Peony Grown in

Stereo

Tab. 2 shows that the chlorophyll content, soluble

sugar content and soluble protein content of oil

peonies leaves grown in stereo with idesia polycarpa

were higher than those of planted in non-stereo.

Soluble sugar and soluble protein contents of oil

peony planted in stereo were 0.24%, 3.8% and

85.76% higher than those of non-stereo planted oil

peony.

3.3 Antioxidant Enzyme Activity of Oil

Peony Leaves Grown in Stereo

From Tab. 3, it can be seen that the activities of

antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD and CAT of oil

peony leaves grown in stereotypes of idesia polycarpa

and oil peony were higher than those grown in non-

stereotypes. The SOD, POD and CAT enzyme

activities of the stereocultural oil peony leaves were

71.05 U, 70.6 U and 70.62

A240-min-1- g-1

higher than

those of the non-stereocultural ones. However, the

content of MDA in the stereocultural oil peony leaves

ICBEB 2022 - The International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics

328

was significantly lower than that of the non-

stereocultural ones by 36.59%.

3.4 Content of MDA of Oil Peony

Leaves Grown in Stereo

As shown in Fig. 1, the MDA content of oil peony

leaves planted in stereoscopic mode was 0.0123 umol.

-1

, and the MDA content of oil peony leaves of non-

stereoscopic planting was 0.0168 umol. g

-1

. The

content of MDA in the leaves of oil peony planted in

stereoscopic planting was significantly less than

36.59% in non-stereoscopic planting.

4 DICUSSION

Peonies prefer to grow under transparent but not

directly shaded and unenclosed forests (Wang, 2018),

therefore, stereoscopic planting is beneficial to the

development of oil peony industry According to the

observation and statistics of phenological period of

idesia polycarpa in Leshan area from 2019 to 2021,

the spring germination time of idesia polycarpa is

early March and the leaf growth time is early April.

The germination time of oil peony is at the end of

January, and the flowering branches begin to sprout

in the middle of February and the flowering begins in

the first ten days of March every year. Oil peony and

idesia polycarpa are in different rapid growing period.

Therefore, when the light is not strong in early spring,

sufficient sunlight can percolate through the branches

and leaves of idesia polycarpa. The oil peony grows

in an environment with sufficient light. When the

light is strong in summer, the mature idesia polycarpa

leaves can block more sunlight and provide a cool and

shady environment for the growth of oil peony,

reduce the damage of high temperature and strong

light in summer to the leaves of oil peony, can be

more beneficial to the growth of oil peony. Planting

oil peony between the rows of idesia polycarpa can

reduce the growth of weeds, improve soil moisture,

change soil environment and regional climate, and is

conducive to their growth.

In this study, oil peony under stereoscopic

planting showed better growth and development, that

is, large leaf length and width, high crown and plant

height, and high chlorophyll content of leaves. It was

closely related to the stress resistance and adaptability

of plants to the environment. High activity of SOD,

CAT and POD enzymes play an important role in free

radical equilibrium, and the biofilm was damaged,

resulting in a better state of slow MDA content (Bai

2017).

5 CONCLUSION

Stereoscopic cultivation is an efficient way to make

full use of land, which can change local microclimate

and improve soil physicochemical properties (Li

2010, Wang 2015).

In the stereoscopic planting of

idesia polycarpa and oil peony, a suitable

environment for growth of oil peonies is created by

making full use of the difference in plant height

between idesia polycarpa and oil peony, the

phenological period, the combination of deep root

system and shallow root system. Therefore, the

stereoscopic planting model is a beneficial method

for the cultivation of oil peony.

Table 1: Leaf growth index of oil peony grown in stereo.

Average

Blade

length/cm

Average Blade

width/cm

Crown

width/cm

Plant

height/cm

Stereotypical

planting

87 58 81 98

Non-stereo

lanting

49 31 64 72

Table 2: Physiological and biochemical indicators of oil peony leaves planting in stereo.

Chlorophyll content/SPAD Soluble sugar

content/%

Soluble protein

content/mg. g

-1

Stereotypical planting

31.9 51.19 8.62

Non-stereo planting

31.2 47.39 4.64

Effect of Stereoscopic Planting on Physiology and Biochemistry of Oil Peony Leaves

329

Table 3: Antioxidant enzyme activities of oil peony leaves grown in stereo.

SOD/U POD/U CAT/ A240-min

-1

- g

-1

Stereotypical planting

357.89 706.2 706.21

Non-stereo planting

286.84 635.6 635.59

Figure. 1 Content of MDA of oil peony leaves grown in

stereo.

FUND PROGRAM

Study on planning and supporting technology of

trees, shrubs and oil plants stereoscopic compound

planting base (LHX190778)

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0,004

0,008

0,012

0,016

0,02

stereoscopic planting non-stereoscopic

planting

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