The Function of TPH2 in Bipolar Disorder and Related Treatment Mechanisms

Xinyi Kong, Hanyu Lu, Hanrui Zhu

2022

Abstract

Bipolar disorder, known as a mental health condition, that features extreme mood swings, is classified into three types: Bipolar I, II, and cyclothymic disorder. Bipolar I patients experience at least one manic or mixed episode, and several depressive episodes. Bipolar II patients experience at least one hypomania or mix episode, and several depressive episodes. Cyclothymic patients experience relatively mild hypomania and depressive episodes, but they suffer from a higher number of mixed episodes. The diagnosis of bipolar disorder is to follow the standard criteria from the DSM-5. However, the determination is relatively subjective. On the other hand, genetic mutations also con-tribute to the occurrence of bipolar. A variety of gene mutations or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are ex-perimentally shown to be associated with bipolar disorder. Amongst them, one of the most significant gene poly-morphisms is TPH2 polymorphism. A specific variant of S41Y functions by disrupting the downstream signalling pathways leading to abnormal levels of serotonin release. Drug treatment of bipolar primarily includes lithium and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), where lithium mediates bipolar symptoms at psychological, neuronal, and cellular levels. SGAs target both dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways to relieve these symptoms. However, the advent of other novel treatment methods challenges traditional treatments. Details of functional pathways are wait-ing to be further explored in the future. This review provides our current knowledge on the curr ent genetics and treatment of bipolar.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Kong X., Lu H. and Zhu H. (2022). The Function of TPH2 in Bipolar Disorder and Related Treatment Mechanisms. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics - Volume 1: ICBEB, ISBN 978-989-758-595-1, pages 767-773. DOI: 10.5220/0011294900003443

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icbeb22,
author={Xinyi Kong and Hanyu Lu and Hanrui Zhu},
title={The Function of TPH2 in Bipolar Disorder and Related Treatment Mechanisms},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics - Volume 1: ICBEB,},
year={2022},
pages={767-773},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0011294900003443},
isbn={978-989-758-595-1},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics - Volume 1: ICBEB,
TI - The Function of TPH2 in Bipolar Disorder and Related Treatment Mechanisms
SN - 978-989-758-595-1
AU - Kong X.
AU - Lu H.
AU - Zhu H.
PY - 2022
SP - 767
EP - 773
DO - 10.5220/0011294900003443