Model-Driven Development Using LLMs: The Case of ChatGPT

Virginia Niculescu, Maria-Camelia Chisăliță-Crețu, Cristina-Claudia Osman, Adrian Sterca

2025

Abstract

The recent rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) suggests the possibility for users with different levels of expertise to generate software applications from high-level specifications such as formatted text, diagrams or natural language. This would enhance productivity and make these activities accessible to users without a technical background. Approaches such as Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) and Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) are widely used to enhance productivity and streamline software development through automation. This study explores the feasibility of using LLMs, specifically ChatGPT, in software development, focusing on their capability to assist business analysts (BAs) in generating functional applications. The goal of this paper is threefold: (1) to assess the extent to which LLMs comprehend conceptual model diagrams, (2) to evaluate the reliability of diagram-based code generation, and (3) to determine the level of technical knowledge required for users to achieve viable solutions. Our methodology evaluates the effectiveness of using LLMs to generate functional applications starting from BPMN process diagrams and Entity-Relationship (ER) diagrams. The findings provide insights into the reliability and limitations of LLMs in diagram-based software generation, the degree of technical expertise required, and the prospects for adopting LLMs as tools for BAs.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Niculescu V., Chisăliță-Crețu M., Osman C. and Sterca A. (2025). Model-Driven Development Using LLMs: The Case of ChatGPT. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering - Volume 1: ENASE; ISBN 978-989-758-742-9, SciTePress, pages 328-339. DOI: 10.5220/0013484400003928

in Bibtex Style

@conference{enase25,
author={Virginia Niculescu and Maria-Camelia Chisăliță-Crețu and Cristina-Claudia Osman and Adrian Sterca},
title={Model-Driven Development Using LLMs: The Case of ChatGPT},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering - Volume 1: ENASE},
year={2025},
pages={328-339},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0013484400003928},
isbn={978-989-758-742-9},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering - Volume 1: ENASE
TI - Model-Driven Development Using LLMs: The Case of ChatGPT
SN - 978-989-758-742-9
AU - Niculescu V.
AU - Chisăliță-Crețu M.
AU - Osman C.
AU - Sterca A.
PY - 2025
SP - 328
EP - 339
DO - 10.5220/0013484400003928
PB - SciTePress