![](bg8.png)
studies regarding antecedents (Zott et al. 2011). From
the point of view of the methodology adopted, the
article illustrated the potential of the clinical inquiry
for studies of BMD processes in practice. We applied
this methodology, not in a single organisation, but in
an ecosystem of actors (Greenwood et al. 1993; Braa
et al. 2004).
Finally, this research does not come without
limitations. Given the nature of the project, there is a
lack of iteration. It is not possible to generalise the
results of this study, but it is the starting point for
other scholars investigating the antecedents of
BMD.Furthermore, the focus was only on the
antecedents. and not on the impact of the antecedents
to the themes. Further studies could analyse the
impact on the themes of the various tools and
frameworks adopted to perform the activities
concerning antecedents. Moreover, they could
include all the three components of BMD of Amit and
Zott (2015), assessing the contributions of
antecedents on the elements and then analysing the
impact on themes.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors thank the consortium of the European
project Digital Environment for Cognitive Inclusion
(DECI) (Horizon 2020 Programme – EU Call PHC20
- Grant No 643588): Fondazione Politecnico di
Milano, Consoft Sistemi SpA, Fondazione Don Carlo
Gnocchi Onlus (Italy), Maccabi Healthcare Services
(Israel), Hospital Universitario de Getafe - Servicio
de Geriatría (Spain), Centre for Healthcare
Improvement – Chalmers University of Technology,
Västra Götalandsregionen (Sweden), Roessingh
Research and Development (The Netherlands).
REFERENCES
Adner, R., 2017. Ecosystem as Structure: An Actionable
Construct for Strategy. Journal of Management, 43(1),
pp.39–58.
Adner, R., 2011. The Wide Lens.
Amit, R., Zott, C., 2015. Crafting Business Architecture:
the Antecedents of Business Model Design. Strategic
Entrepreneurship Journal, 9(4), pp.331–350.
Braa, J., Monteiro, E., Sahay, S., 2004. Networks of
Action : Networks Sustainable Health Across
Information Systems Developing. MIS Quarterly,
28(3), pp.337–362.
Brandenburger, A., Nalebuff, B., 1998. Co-opetition,
Doubleday.
Elden, M., Chisholm, R. F., 1993. Emerging Varieties of
Action Research: Introduction to the Special Issue.
Human Relations, 46(2), pp.121–142.
Gomes, L. A. de V. et al., 2016. Unpacking the innovation
ecosystem construct: Evolution, gaps and trends.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change.
Greenwood, D. J., Whyte, W. F., Harkavy, I., 1993.
Participatory action research as a process and as a goal.
Human Relations, 46(2), pp.175–192.
Klang, D., Wallnöfer, M., Hacklin, F., 2014. The Business
Model Paradox: A Systematic Review and Exploration
of Antecedents. International Journal of Management
Reviews, 16(4), pp.454–478.
Kotter, J. P., 1996. Leading Change, Boston: Harvard
Business School Press.
Locatelli, P. et al., 2017. Progressively Developing a
Business Model to Assist Elderly Patients with
Cognitive Impairment through a Digital Ecosystem: a
Methodological Approach. In International Conference
on eHealth. Lisbon, pp. 19–26.
Markides, C., Charitou, C. D., 2004. Competing with dual
business models: A contingency approach. Academy of
Management Executive, 18(3), pp.22–36.
Massa, L., Tucci, C. L., Afuah, A., 2016. A Critical
Assessment of Business Model Research. Academy of
Management Annals, 11(1), pp.73–104.
Moore, J.F., 1993. Predators and Prey: A New Ecology
of Competition. Harvard Business Review, 71(3),
pp.75–83.
Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., 2010. Business Model
Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game
Changers, and Challengers, John Wiley & Sons.
Pigneur, Y., Werthner, H., 2009. Design and management
of business models and processes in services science.
Information Systems and e-Business Management, 7(2),
pp.119–121.
Schein, E. H., 2008. Clinical Inquiry/Research. In The
SAGE Handbook of Action Research: Participative
Inquiry and Practice. SAGE Publications.
Schein, E. H., 1987. The Clinical Perspective in Fieldwork,
SAGE Publications.
Schwartz, B., 2003. The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is
Less, HarperCollins.
Stebbins, M. W., Shani, A. B., 2009. Clinical Inquiry and
Reflective Design in a Secrecy-Based Organization.
The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 45(1),
pp.59–89.
Steinberg, D., Horwitz, G., Zohar, D., 2015. Building a
business model in digital medicine. Nature
Biotechnology, 33(9), pp.910–920.
Wirtz, B. W. et al., 2016. Business Models: Origin,
Development and Future Research Perspectives. Long
Range Planning, 49(1), pp.36–54.
Zott, C., Amit, R., 2010. Business model design: An
activity system perspective. Long Range Planning,
43(2–3), pp.216–226.
Zott, C., Amit, R., Massa, L., 2011. The Business Model :
Recent Developments and Future Research. Journal of
Management, 37(4), pp.1019–1042.
HEALTHINF 2018 - 11th International Conference on Health Informatics
586