Information Literacy Program to Minimize Plagiarism:

Case Study in Tun Abdul Razak Uitm Malaysia Library and

Universitas Airlangga Library Indonesia

Abduh Fawwaz Irsyad Utoyo, Dwiki Ari Pamungkas Pasaribu and Dessy Harisanty

Library Studies, Faculty of Vocational Education, Universitas Airlangga, Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Information Literacy, Plagiarism, University Library.

Abstract: This article aims to describe the process of delivering information literacy and prevention of plagiarism in

Tun Abdul Razak Library, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Malaysia and Universitas Airlangga Library

(UNAIR), Indonesia. The research applied a qualitative approach with a case study method. The data was

collected through interviews with librarians who are in the academic services division of the Tun Abdul

Razak UiTM Library and referrals as well as librarians who are in the training and development division at

Universitas Airlangga Library. The results of this study illustrate that the Tun Abdul Razak Library and

Universitas Airlangga Library have applied information literacy program and prevention of plagiarism to

the entire academic community of UiTM and UNAIR. Tun Abdul Razak Library hosts an information

literacy program called the Information Literature Class and Universitas Airlangga Library hosts program

known as Library Class 101. The information literacy provided by Tun Abdul Razak Library and

Universitas Airlangga Library are summarized in the Knowledge Proficiency Class (KKM, Kelas

Kemahiran Maklumat) and Library Class. The two libraries host programs that have the same function; to

prevent plagiarism by academicians working on undergraduate theses and other scientific or academic

works.

1 INTRODUCTION

Library is an organization that manages various

kinds of information sources to meet the user's

information needs (Subagyono, Chumaida and

Romadhona, 2022). The help of information

technology does not always guarantee in making

library performance lighter. This is as stated by

Prasetiono that students today tend to think

practically when working on assignments by simply

copy-pasting other works they found on the net

(Pranajaya, 2017). This phenomenon is a

technological monopoly called technopoly, "The

phenomenon of technopoly is characterized by the

way students copy other works they found

(Sunyowati et al., 2022).” In this case, it means that

plagiarism activities can thrive in the university

library by targeting freshmen if the library does not

provide information education to the new users.

Information education or information literacy is

important to be mastered by students in schools and

universities, because information literacy teaches

students the way to find and use the information they

need so that it may support the learning process

(Nugroho, 2012). Information literacy is a concept

known to librarians and academicians as a means to

develop the ability of students to effectively find,

evaluate, and use information, which eventually will

result in the conceptualization, teaching, and

thorough understanding of Information Literacy

(Aharony et al., 2017). As in previous research,

since 2001, the demand for library learning sessions

for journalism courses has grown rapidly in CSUN

(California State University Northridge) (Srirahayu,

Harisanty and Anugrah, 2021). In the 2003-2004

academic year, 388 students enrolled in journalism

courses were reached through information literacy

sessions held at the Oviatt Library (Lampert, 2004).

Of course, information literacy activities cannot

be separated from the orientation of freshmen in the

university library. According to (Santoso, 2015)

library user education (P3) as one of the PKPT

materials at Universitas Negeri Malang was carried

188

Utoyo, A., Pasaribu, D. and Harisanty, D.

Information Literacy Program to Minimize Plagiarism: Case Study in Tun Abdul Razak Uitm Malaysia Library and Universitas Airlangga Library Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0008667900002300

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Record and Library: Local Knowledge, Past, Present, and Future (ICRL 2018), pages 188-196

ISBN: 978-989-758-712-2

out in hope that students could be aware of the

existence of library services that may be used to

support the study in higher education, to be able to

know the sources of information in their respective

fields of study, able to use information tracking

methods and techniques appropriately and quickly,

able to utilize the facilities available in the library

and recognize networks of information

collaboration, as well as knowing and understanding

library rules (Santoso, 2015).

Tun Abdul Razak Library (PTAR) has the same

services that can be commonly found in university

libraries (Harisanty, Diba and Layyinah, 2020).

PTAR provides information literacy or information

education services for freshmen who will later

become the library users of PTAR. The service is

known as KKM (Kelas Kemahiran Maklumat/Class

of Knowledge Proficiency), the class instructors are

PTAR's senior librarians. The information literacy

carried out by PTAR is divided into two programs:

The Management of Orientation Program Activities

and Guided Library Visits and Information Skills

Class (Literature Searching). Information Skills

Class (Literature Searching) itself includes Basic

searching skills (Where and how to search), Skills of

Evaluating Resources (Types of sources & Critical

Selection), and Skills of Using electronic resources

(Citation & Plagiarism). Similar thing is done by

Universitas Airlangga library in order to provide

information literacy to the new users of the library

through Library Class service that held the program

Library 101 and Reference Manager as prevention

for plagiarism so that it does not become more

widespread in universities (Anna et al., 2018).

According to Ministry of Education and Culture

data, plagiarism cases or commonly called copy-

pasting, in the lecturer certification process reached

808 cases in 2013 (Aziz, 2015). This data, if

reviewed in the past 5 years, is still quite high in

cases of plagiarism that occur in the university. The

university library must take precautionary measures

and respond to the dissemination of the plagiarism

case as stated in National Education Minister No. 17

of 2010 (Santoso, 2011). The impact of the

plagiarism violation itself should not be taken

lightly, citing from Law no. 20 of 2003 Article 70

concerning National Education System; graduates

whose scientific works are used to obtain academic,

professional or vocation degrees as referred to in

Article 25 paragraph (2) proven of plagiarism should

be imprisoned for a maximum of two years and/or

criminal penalties of IDR 200,000,000.00 (two

hundred million rupiahs) (Istiana, 2014). Library

functions as a facility to store documentation of

scientific work, both articles, undergraduate theses,

theses, and dissertations of the academic

community's work (Romadhona, Subagyono and

Agustin, 2022). If works that are documented in the

library are pointed out to contain elements of

plagiarism, all academicians as well as librarians

should fight against or prevent such cases to happen

again.

Based on the above phenomenon, the writers are

interested in discussing the literacy programs that

have been implemented by university libraries to

minimize cases of plagiarism. The research was

done by taking a case study at Universiti Teknologi

Mara Malaysia Tun Abdul Razak Library (PTAR)

and Universitas Airlangga Library (Indonesia) by

comparing the implementation of information

literacy programs in minimizing plagiarism in both

universities.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1

Information Literacy

Information literacy was first introduced by Paul

Zurkowski in 1974 (Zurkowski, 1974), Zurkowski

argues that people who are trained to use sources of

information in completing their tasks are called

information literates (Eisenberg in Apriyanti, 2010).

The benefits of information literacy according to the

Chatered Institute of Library and Information

Professional (CILIP) state that information literacy

is knowing when and why a situation requires

information, where to find information, how to

evaluate, use and communicate information in the

right way (CILIP in Prasetiawan, 2011). Students

who live in the millennial era must be able to utilize

the process of receiving and delivering information

so that other people may also receive proper

information.

In universities nowadays, libraries have an

important role because the facility has become one

of the universities’ intellectual focus points.

Preservation and dissemination of information have

become a very crucial aspect (Romadhona et al.,

2022). The facilities provided by libraries are

available in the form of text, images, sounds, etc.

can be applied and shared with the wider world.

Literacy according to ACRL is "Information literacy

is a repertoire of understandings, practices, and

dispositions focused on flexible engagement with

the information ecosystem, underpinned by critical

self-reflection. The repertoire involves finding,

evaluating, interpreting, managing, and using

Information Literacy Program to Minimize Plagiarism: Case Study in Tun Abdul Razak Uitm Malaysia Library and Universitas Airlangga

Library Indonesia

189

information to answer questions and develop new

ones; and creating knowledge through ethical

participation in communities of learning, scholarship

and practice." (Service, 2014). In library, the

development of services can be considered

extraordinary; this can be found in the existence of

E-Journal, Audio and visuals, E-books, Institutional

Repositories, and others. The library tends to be

known as a paradise of knowledge because it

acquires as well as creates a vast collection of

information. However, the services provided by the

libraries are not yet used optimally.

2.2 Plagiarism

Plagiarism broadly refers to the use of the work of

individuals without getting permission from the

author. Whereas according to (Ridhatillah in Aziz et

al., 2015) plagiarism is an act of abuse, theft or

seizure, publishing, statement, or declaring a

thought, idea, writing, or creation as one's own,

while it is actually created by someone else.

Nowadays there are a lot of students and even

people who write an article or scientific work

without following the rules of making good and true

scientific articles or works. In most of the cases, the

authors quote people without writing down the

source of where and who the person is. This causes

the level of plagiarism increases instead of

decreasing. According to (Soetanto in Aziz et al.,

2015) Plagiarism often occurs due to several factors;

due to cultural factors, lack of knowledge about

scientific writing and plagiarism, the urge to find

shortcuts in reaching achievements, less time

pressure in completing tasks, reluctant to broaden

scope of knowledge, lack of adequate sanctions for

plagiarists, results in plagiarism being considered as

common by some circles. The legal process of

plagiarism is too complicated and tiring, causing

apathy.

Here the role of librarians is needed to overcome

the increasing plagiarism, librarians are now given

training and skill enhancement in overcoming

plagiarism for students. Librarians are equipped with

extensive knowledge of information literacy.

Information literacy also teaches students not to

copy and paste the work of others without giving a

quote or source from where they got it. With the

information literacy provided by librarians who

deliver knowledge of the impact of plagiarism, it is

expected that the level of plagiarism in the world of

education will decrease (Romadhona, 2020).

There are some previous studies that examined

the role of libraries in reducing plagiarism including

those carried out by (Suwarjo in Satria, Tarmizi, &

Melviana, 2017) which states that total plagiarism is

the most dominant form of plagiarism carried out by

students. The first indicator of total plagiarism is

referring to and quoting terms, words/sentences,

data/information from a source without mentioning

sources in the citation notes and without adequately

stating the source, plagiarism in the first indicator

are recorded to be 1405 frequency or 63.29%. While

the results of the study from (Mashuri, 2013) states

that library as a place to store information has an

important role in suppressing the rate of plagiarism.

Several steps that can be taken by the library are

socializing the rules of plagiarism, uploading

scientific works, providing online facilities for

assigning assignments or scientific work, organizing

information literacy socializations and collaborating

with other information centres and teaching staff.

Adding to that, according to (Rusmono and Rosniar,

2012) librarians, who stand at the forefront of

providing information services, can contribute

greatly in the academic world because librarians are

professionals who are on neutral position and have

never had any interests other than providing the best

service in the world of education, one of which is

fighting plagiarism (Hernoko et al., 2022).

Apart from the results of the above research

(Setiawan, 2014) also conducted a research on the

effectiveness of library orientation activities carried

out in Universitas Airlangga library. According to

the research, the library services that are used by the

respondents in the service utilization variable

obtained moderate results of 40 or 40%, on the

corner service utilization, the results were classified

as moderate at 46 or 46%. From those results it can

be concluded that the utilization of services carried

out by freshmen who have participated in library

orientation activities is classified as moderate

3 RESEARCH METHOD

This study applied a qualitative approach with a case

study method; as Creswell stated, “a strategy of

inquiry which the researcher studies an intact

cultural group in natural setting over a prolonged

period of time by collecting, primarily, observational

and interview data” (Creswell, 2009). A qualitative

approach is a strategy of inquiry in which

researchers’ study intact cultural groups in natural

settings over a period by collecting observation and

interview data. The technique of collecting data was

done through interviews with librarians who are in

the academic services division of the Tun Abdul

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Razak Library in UiTM and referrals as well as

librarians who are in the training and development

division at Universitas Airlangga Library. Creswell

identify case study as “a strategy of inquiry in which

the researcher explores in depth a program, event,

activity, process, or one or more individuals”

(Creswell, 2009). Case studies are investigative

strategies in which researchers explore a program,

event, activity, process and or more than one

individual thoroughly. This research was conducted

at the Tun Abdul Razak Library UiTM Cawangan

Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam and Universitas

Airlangga Library Surabaya.

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

From observations and interviews at the Tun Abdul

Razak Library Puncak Alam and Universitas

Airlangga Library, the writers obtained data that

could depict the differences between the two

libraries. The following are the differences found in

both libraries:

Table 1: Information Literacy Program.

Aspects of

the

Tun Abdul

Razak Library

Universitas

Airlangga

Library

Programs Information

Skills Class

(Literature

Searchin

)

Reference

Manager

Name E-KKM (Kelas

Kemandirian

Maklumat, Class

of Independence

Announcement)

Library

Class

Quota: Minimum quota

of 15 people

Minimum

quota of 5

eople

Registration Registration can

be done through

online system

Registration

should be

done

directly to

the library

office

Course

Material

Mendeley and

Endnote

Mendeley

Competent

Speaker

Certified

Mendeley advisor

Mendeley

advisor is

certifie

4.1 Information Skills Class (Literature

Searching) in Tun Abdul Razak

(PTAR) Malaysia Library

Service is an activity that, despite seen or not, can be

felt by the target of the service. One of them is the

service provided by a unit in Tun Abdul Razak

Universiti Teknologi Mara library known as

academic services unit. Announcement proficiency

class is a service provided by libraries to enrich

readers with the knowledge on making good and

true scientific works and articles and avoid

plagiarism, it is also one of the efforts of library to

eradicate the spread of plagiarism among campus

academics.

In Information Skills Class (Literature

Searching) there is an integrated information literacy

program that is divided into two programs, the first

is basic information literacy and the second is

advanced information literacy. Basic information

literacy is targeted for undergraduate students such

as diploma, undergraduate and/or scholarship

students, but is also open to all university students,

lecturers and all UiTM staff. The duration of the

session is two hours, using the hands-on session

method. The materials presented include basic

searching skills; where and how to find information

sources on the library website, academic search tools

and techniques, as well as search strategies.

In addition, there are also skills of evaluating

resources and skills of using electronic resources. In

its function as a deterrent to the spread of

plagiarism, Tun Abdul Razak Library is more

intensive in teaching the skills of using electronic

resources citation and plagiarism for publications.

Using the help of the software Mendeley, Tun Abdul

Razak Library instructs the usual citation format that

is used and what citation styles are commonly used

in the UiTM environment.

After introducing various existing styles and

giving information on styles that are often popular,

students are directed to open MS-Word so that they

may experiment with quotes. The user is directed to

drop down the downloaded article into my library in

Mendeley then return to MS-Word, in the reference

bar menu, click insert citation and select the citation

style first, users are instructed to click the APA style

and then click go to Mendeley and mark the word

you want to cite by using the highlight text feature;

to delete the destination, select text and click cite on

the top right of the Mendeley desktop menu. After

those instructions, the librarians carry on to making

bibliography with citations that the users have

quoted; click on the reference bar menu then insert

Information Literacy Program to Minimize Plagiarism: Case Study in Tun Abdul Razak Uitm Malaysia Library and Universitas Airlangga

Library Indonesia

191

bibliography and the bibliography will appear as

quoted. These steps can be categorized as an effort

to prevent the spread of plagiarism which is

increasingly growing to this day.

There are three sessions that can be chosen in

this program, a class session of at least 15 people

and a maximum of 50 people, a group consultation

session of at least 2 people and a maximum of 5

people, for an individual consultation session of 1

person. Advanced information literacy is targeted for

postgraduate students, master and PhD, academics

and researchers, each meeting lasts approximately 2

hours and depends on demand. The module taught is

about scientific sources, how to use the online

database/e-journal/e-book (specifically for faculties)

and open access collections, then information search

strategies that include research strategies, evaluating

values (scientific/general), identify scientific

articles, and ethics in research, following those are

guidelines for scientific publications, namely

research tips and tricks, guidelines for publication,

review literature such as paper structuring, analysis

& synthesis, critical review, quality of journals vs.

popularity of journals; factors and impacts, Scopus,

H-index, ERA, and instructions on evaluating

journals such as google scholar vs. google search,

universities rank such as (THES, QS) Authorship,

and Affiliations

In its class, the library guides new users who are

still in the learning process of making citations;

starting from the initial registration in order to create

a Mendeley account and then logging in to the

Mendeley desktop software and introducing what

features are in the software. Some of the features in

Mendeley are as follows: Mendeley desktop can be

operated in Windows, Mac and Linux. PDF viewers

are equipped with sticky notes and highlighting text,

giving out information on social medias that allow

users to interact with each other in posting,

commenting, and creating profiles. Furthermore,

users are directed to download free articles that will

be used as an example for quoting. In quoting there

are many conventions of citation styles. Among the

many styles that are often used, the APA (American

Psychological Association) style is more widely

used in social science disciplines.

4.2 User Reference Education at the

Universitas Airlangga Library

The reference manager program of Universitas

Airlangga Library is carried out by the division of

training and development (LATBANG). In this

reference manager program, the workshop

participants will be given material about the use of

Mendeley which function is to make citations and

bibliography automatically and to prevent plagiarism

by the academics and improve the information

literacy program of Universitas Airlangga. The

material can be downloaded from the Universitas

Airlangga Library website and made by Librarians

who have received Mendeley certification.

Mendeley is an application that can be used on

various platforms, Windows, Mac, Linux, Mobile

(Android/IOS) and can be obtained for free. Users

can create an account by registering through the

Mendeley.com website.

Mendeley can also be accessed through a web

browser. The display is similar to mendeley desktop

and has 3 exact same columns. Mendeley has

partnered with Science Direct and Scopus to import

articles or references. Mendeley can synchronize

articles securely on their respective devices and back

them up online, clicking desktop or web will give

the users access when switching to another device.

Mendeley also supports Citation Plugins with

Microsoft Word and Libre Office, so that the

citations will automatically enter the References

menu section in Microsoft Word.

Universitas Airlangga Library provides the

academicians with an access rights for 1 Year of

Mendeley Institutional Edition (MIE) for 500 users.

Mendeley Institutional Edition itself possesses more

advantages compared to the basic version (Free).

The given capacity is greater; Mendeley Basic only

has 2GB and Mendeley Institutional Edition has

5GB. It also has greater capacity for private groups

that can contain up to 25 people compared to

Mendeley

Basic which can only accommodate 3

Table 2: Library Orientation Program.

Aspects Tun Abdul

Razak

Library

Universitas

Airlangga

Library

Programs Guided

librar

visits

Library 101

Obli

ator

Obli

ator

As a media

for library

romotion

As a media

for library

romotion

Materials

provided during

the Library

Orientation

Program

Searching for

collections in

OPAC

Searching

for

collections

in OPAC

Collections

borrowing

uide

Collections

borrowing

uide

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192

people and has unlimited number of private groups.

For now, the role of librarians to prevent plagiarism

is quite large, because all librarians are required to

have the skills to improve information literacy for

library users.

4.3 Activities for Orientation Program

or Guided Library Visits at Tun

Abdul Razak Library

In addition to being a forum to prevent the spread of

plagiarism, Tun Abdul Razak library has another

function, which is as an education for freshmen who

are enrolled in the university at the beginning of the

new semester. The management of library

orientation and visiting program activities is a

program offered by Tun Abdul Abdul Library

targeting diplomas and bachelor’s degree students,

and staffs of Universiti Teknologi Mara. The

freshmen who have participated in a series of

interim programs in each faculty are obligated to go

to the library in groups of approximately 25 people.

Initially students are gathered in the lobby of the

library to conduct guidance and education on the

book classification system, students are introduced

to the classification in Tun Abdul Razak library, the

aim is that they may conduct independent searches

without having to be confused on which shelf the

books they are looking for are stored. The

classification system in the library of Tun Abdul

Razak library is the LCC (Library Congress

Classification) following the classification in the

library the students are invited for a short visit as an

introduction library. Starting from the 2nd floor,

there are lobby and an ICT (Information

Communication and Technology) room, on the first

floor there is a prayer room and seminar rooms 1

and 2. On the 3rd floor there are 3 zones; the red

quite zone, the yellow silent zone and the green

group zone, there is also a discussion room. Going

up to the 4th floor, there is an audio visual room and

a shelf containing several reference books, then the

students are guided back to the second floor where

they receive information on book circulation or how

to borrow and return books.

Tun Abdul Razak Library provides self-check

machines for independent book borrowing; to

borrow, select borrow on the monitor of the

machine, then scan the student ID card and put the

book so that it may be scanned, it is important to

know that all the book collection materials in Tun

Abdul Razak library have used RFSID type SF,

books only put in the part that has been provided and

will automatically be read. After all the books are

scanned, it is important to check again whether the

titles of the borrowed books are correct or not, then

print the receipt and go to the counter to double

check and deactivate the books’ security alarm. To

return the books, Tun Abdul Razak library has also

provided a book drop machine that operates 24

hours a day for 7 days, there is no reason for

students not to return the book on the date recorded

in the receipt.

4.4 Library 101 Orientation Facilities

for Freshmen of Universitas

Airlangga

Library 101 by Universitas Airlangga is a library

introduction program for freshmen who have been

officially enrolled as the students of Universitas

Airlangga. Library 101 includes orientation

activities for freshmen, this program is also one of

the information literacy activities carried out by

Universitas Airlangga Library. According to Siti

Muzaroh as the public relations staff of the

Universitas Airlangga Library:

"When participating in the library 101 activity,

freshmen will understand the procedures,

regulations, library collections, how to conduct

searches to find collections, and much more. This

event will be held at the Universitas Airlangga

Campus B library, through this program, freshmen

will be provided with information about services and

facilities available at the Universitas Airlangga

Library Campus A, B, and C "

The Library 101 program must be participated by

all diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate

students who will eventually borrow books at the

university library during their studies. The program

is available in all Universitas Airlangga libraries. It

is implemented so that the library will be better

known, recognized, and utilized by the academic

community, and therefore, the learning process on

the campus may run optimally.

Plagiarism is the activity of taking the words or

ideas of others without proper attribution or without

following the rules of the citation convention,

"Plagiarism - using another's words or ideas

without proper attribution or citation conventions."

(Gallant in Zimerman, 2012). Plagiarism can be

overcome by giving education on citation. Citation

is the process of quoting or copying the ideas or

words of others in the writing that an author make

by following the rules of the existing convention

(Sophia, 2002). But quotes are only needed for

specific information (Abdullah, Muhammad and

Krishnan, 2012). From the previous research which

Information Literacy Program to Minimize Plagiarism: Case Study in Tun Abdul Razak Uitm Malaysia Library and Universitas Airlangga

Library Indonesia

193

focuses on the role of librarians in libraries to fight

plagiarism according to (Rusmono and Rosniar,

2012) so far the role of librarians has been limited

and has never gotten a place in the hearts or priority

of university leaders. Information literacy activities

tend to be “hardly” accommodated when submitted

to the university. But this opinion over time can be

used as a reference for librarians to improve services

in libraries to eradicate plagiarism. Information

literacy activities can be used as one of the steps to

minimize the plagiarism that exists within

universities.

It can be seen from Universitas Airlangga library

and Tun Abdul Razak library, that libraries provide

information literacy activities in the form of

services. The similar services that are hosted by the

two libraries are Library Class at Universitas

Airlangga library and the Knowledge Proficiency

Class at Tun Abdul Razak library. The library class

in the UNAIR library includes Library 101 and

Reference manager. Library 101 is an orientation

program for freshmen aimed for diploma and

undergraduate students. Freshmen are taken for a

tour at the library to introduce all facilities and

services that are provided UNAIR library. Reference

manager is a citation recognition program on

scientific work for students using Mendeley

software with the aim of reducing plagiarism; the

library classs sessions will be held with a minimum

participant of 5 people. Whereas KKM services

(Kelas Kemahiran Maklumat, class of knowledge

proficiency) in Tun Abdul Razak library has several

services that are similar to those of UNAIR library;

Information Skills Class (Literature Searching) and

Guided library visits, if the two libraries are

compared, it should be known that they clearly have

a very significant differences. These differences are

in terms of:

Service Registration System. Tun Abdul Razak

Library of Universiti Teknologi Mara has provided

an E-KKM system that is used for class reservations

or program sessions that students wish to participate

in.

Source: http://collection.uitm.edu.my:8080/ekkm/

Figure 1: Display of E-KKM in Tun Abdul Razak Library.

Students must enter their ID number and user

password before they can log in and choose the class

program, they want to participate in. Unlike the case

with Universitas Airlangga library, the library also

provides similar system known as Library class.

However, if students would like to take a class or

program they cannot register through an online

system; the system can only be used to check

whether they are enrolled to a session or not.

Source: http://dev.lib.unair.ac.id/libraryclass/

Figure 2: Display of the Library Class of Universitas

Airlangga Library.

According to Noerhayati (Setiawan, 2014) the low

utilization of university libraries is most likely due

to the students not properly knowing the meaning

and function of libraries, causing no awareness of

how important the role of libraries in teaching and

learning processes, and also due to the lack of

knowledge in using libraries and library collections

in accordance with the current curriculum.

Accompanied by Setiawan’s opinions on library

orientation activities, library users will be able to

understand the functions and importance of a library,

be aware of the importance and role of libraries in

the teaching and learning process, as well as

knowing how to utilize a library so that they can feel

the advantages library services. This in line with the

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194

second purpose of the library which is to provide

library user education to freshmen after they are

enrolled to the university. This activity can also be

an anticipatory step for both libraries to suppress

plagiarism activities. When the new users are aware

of the information literacy services provided by their

libraries such as information literacy and

recognizing the rules of writing, there is a high

chance that students will avoid plagiarism. This

aspect then raises the similarities that exist in the

two libraries, which are as follows:

• Both libraries are trying to prevent the spread

of plagiarism through the procurement of

reference manager session programs in UNAIR

library and programs on skills of using

electronic resources in the Tun Abdul Razak

UiTM library which are using Mendeley

software; but the difference is that in PTAR,

freshmen are immediately introduced to the

program, while such program in UNAIR

library is only provided by the demand of the

students or faculty.

• Both libraries hold an orientation week for

freshmen, especially diploma and graduate

students whose purpose is to introduce all the

facilities and services available in their

respective libraries; in UNAIR library, students

are introduced to information source search

methods on library websites and academic

search tools as well as search techniques and

strategies, while in PTAR freshmen are

provided with the tutorial on making scientific

work to avoid plagiarism.

What stated above can become an answer for

previous researches since it proves that up to now

libraries, through librarians, have continued to

improve their performance in order to eradicate

plagiarism by striving to develop information

literacy activities for library users. From the

previous research on the high number of cases on

plagiarism in higher education, university libraries

up to now have initiated to invite the entire campus

academicians to prevent the spread of plagiarism.

Considering the severe effects of plagiarism,

libraries continue to improve its services to combat

such dangerous case.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Universitas Airlangga Library applies an

information literacy program called the Library

Class. This program consists of Library 101 and

Reference Manager. For the Reference Manager

program, further improvement may be focused on

the participants registering. This is due to the

enrollment of the class which require participants to

attend the library, a system is expected to be

developed so that participants may have a more

effective and efficient way to register. While for the

class scheduling, Universitas Airlangga library

schedules it by request.

Tun Abdul Razak Library has an information

literacy program known as KKM (Kelas Kemahiran

Maklumat). This program consists of library visits

combined with information skill class (literature

searching). Information skill class (literature

searching) program is carried out 2 times per week

and the registration can be done through the library

website without having to physically visit the

library. The guided library visits programs need to

be re-evaluated because there are plenty of students

who take interest in the program while the librarians

in charge are limited, and thus causes the program to

become less effective. It is hoped that the existing

services in the two libraries will be further enhanced

to sustain and provide quality services for the users.

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