Aplication of Tourism System in Scenic Route in the Cultural and

Old Tourism Areas in Pontianak

Nunik Hasriyanti

, Julius Judhi

and Andi Zulestari

Department of Urban Design , Politeknik Negeri Pontianak, A. Yani Street, Pontinak City, Indonesia

Department of Architecture, Politeknik Negeri Pontianak, A. Yani Street, Pontinak City, Indonesia

Keywords: tourism, scenic route, urban tourism, cultural.

Abstract: The city of Pontianak as the capital of West Kalimantan Province is a city that has its own uniqueness from

aspects of art, culture and ethnicity. As the City of the Equator, it has many interesting tourist attractions so

tourism in Pontianak is the mascot of West Kalimantan. Pontianak as one of the tourist destinations in

Indonesia and the only city crossed by the equator, but many of the tourist attractions in the city are less well

known by the wider community. This may be due to a promotion that is not maximal from the local

government, especially the tourism and local culture services. By looking at the potential and existing

problems related to Pontianak City tourism and migrants or tourists who do not have a lot of time to enjoy

Pontianak City tourism, there are problems in determining tourist routes in Pontianak City for tourists who

come, with limited time to stay in Pontianak. Especially for cultural tourism and tourism in the old city with

supporting tours in the form of culinary tours, riverbank village tours and riverbed tourism. The purpose of

this study is to determine and plan the Pontianak city scenic route that is intended for tourists who come to

visit but they have limited time. It is expected that with this short tourist route, it can help tourists who come

who don't have a lot of time can enjoy and find out more about Pontianak City by exploring the cultural and

tourist attractions of the old city.

1 INTRODUCTION

Tourism is now an industry that can provide a large

input for the country's or regional foreign exchange.

Not a few cities do not have natural resources at all,

but are able to support the economy of the tourism

sector. Empowerment of city assets through tourism

is like a powerful weapon with two swords, where the

first is the interest and comfort of the city community

itself, especially those who live close to tourist

destinations and the second is the interests and

convenience of tourists. City tourism planning is not

as easy as one might think, because the plan must be

in line and integrated with the city planning itself.

Many cities have large tourism and capital planning

but are unable to carry out tourism activities due to

not being well prepared.

The city of Pontianak as the City of the Equator, has

many interesting tourist attractions so tourism in

Pontianak is the mascot of West Kalimantan.

Pontianak as one of the tourist destinations in

Indonesia and the only city crossed by the equator,

but many of the tourist attractions in the city are less

well known by the wider community. This is probably

due to the promotion that is not maximal from the

local government, especially the tourism and local

culture services, for example in the official website of

the tourism and culture office of Pontianak City, there

is little explanation about the tourism objects and

potential in the city. It is very unfortunate because the

city that has tourism potential is apparently not well

publicized. One of the keys to the success of a tourism

industry is promotion so that tourism is more

developed, so there is a need for supporting

information about a tourist area to be visited, for

example through a map.

From the background above, by looking at the

potential and problems related to Pontianak City

tourism and migrants or tourists who do not have

much time to enjoy Pontianak City tourism, there are

problems in determining tourist routes in Pontianak

City for tourists who come, with their limited time to

stay in Pontianak. Especially for cultural tourism and

tourism in the old city with supporting tours in the

form of culinary tours, riverbank village tours and

riverbed tourism.

Hasriyanti, N., Judhi, J. and Zulestari, A.

Aplication of Tourism System in Scenic Route in the Cultural and Old Tourism Areas in Pontianak.

DOI: 10.5220/0008904900002481

In Proceedings of the Built Environment, Science and Technology International Conference (BEST ICON 2018), pages 32-38

ISBN: 978-989-758-414-5

The city of Pontianak as a city of services and trade,

currently has the potential as a business city that is

visited by many immigrants from outside the city of

Pontianak. With a variety of activities carried out by

business people and employees / employees, most of

them will definitely carry out recreational activities

around the City of Pontianak. Due to the limited time

available and the limited number of days, it does not

allow them to carry out recreational activities with

remote locations. This must be seen as a tourism

potential, so that when there are not many migrants, a

short tourist route must be made in Pontianak City.

The tourism potential that has been owned by the City

of Pontianak, allows migrants who do not have a lot

of time to enjoy tourism in the city of Pontianak.

Tourism is basically a travel activity carried out by

someone who starts from the place of origin of a

tourist destination. Tourism activities in the present

are part of a large industry that includes services and

cannot be separated from the law of demand and

supply. The relationship between demand and

inventory of tourist activities is described by Gunn

(1988) as a supply group and market group. The

market group is described as a population that

consumes tourism products while the supply group

consists of four components, namely transportation,

attractions, service facilities and information or

promotion, where each component of tourism must be

well integrated, interrelated with each other so that

the system can run well.

In developed countries, the development of a

scenic route has received a significant priority

position both for policy makers at national and local

levels. The development of scenic routes is able to

fulfill two interests, namely the interests of growth

and development of economic growth and the

importance of preservation of historic aspects,

environmental sustainability and natural beauty, as

well as cultural preservation (historical, scenic,

cultural aspects). To develop and realize the scenic

route program, there are several stages in general that

include:

1. Inventory and identification

(1) Characteristics of road

infrastructure and transportation

facilities along existing and future

tourism routes.

(2) Availability of transportation

facilities that serve or that will

serve (concerning the number,

mode and carrying capacity).

(3) Location of tourism that exists or

will be developed.

(4) Travel traffic and non-tourism

traffic

2. Analysis

(a) Analysis of the characteristics of

travel, especially tourists.

(b) Analysis of the needs of transport

facilities for trips to and from

tourism locations, trips within

tourism areas.

design

3. Preparation of Plans, Programs and

Designs

(1) Develop development plans and

scenic route development programs

for short and medium term and

long term, including financial

allocation plans, according to

priority criteria.

(2) Develop a more detailed design,

especially concerning the design of

the road network that leads to the

location of tourism.

(3) Arrange tourist bags as location

destinations for tourists who will

visit

2 METHOD

The study approach used by the researcher is a

qualitative approach which describes the study of the

characteristics and potential of tourism in an area both

in terms of physical structure area, design element

approach, and non-physical in the form of activity

systems in the region. This qualitative study approach

uses a qualitative descriptive method which is then

used as a method in the analysis process. Considering

the purpose of each research phase is different, then

the research method in this case is also adjusted for

each of these stages, the research design is arranged

to follow the flow in the picture on the next page.

1) Literature Studies, Literature studies are conducted

to obtain theories or concepts, models and

components that are relevant to research problems

and their methodology. An important literature study

related to this study is about the factors that must be

considered in developing tourist destinations.

2) Identification of Research Variables, Based on

theories and concepts that are relevant to the problem

under study and from the preliminary studies carried

out, the variables needed in this study can be

identified. Variable identification is intended to

convert complex terms into simpler attributes or

factors, and to clarify the factors to be analyzed, these

Aplication of Tourism System in Scenic Route in the Cultural and Old Tourism Areas in Pontianak

factors are translated again into elements which are

then transformed into question units in questionnaire

or interview.

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The tourism industry activities are synonymous

with tourist activities. By definition, tourism is a

temporary shift of place and those who travel receive

services from companies engaged in the tourism

industry (Buchi in Musanef, 1966 in Fiatiano). The

development of tourism in the city of Pontianak has

begun to grow and develop along with improvements

in all aspects of the city, especially city infrastructure

that supports urban tourism. The tourism trend in

Pontianak City has the potential for heritage areas and

the banks of the Kapuas River, which have a unique

socio-culture and provide positive values to support

the tourism potential of its river banks.

Tourists visiting unknown destinations are

increasingly dependent on cellular city guides to

search for tourist services and take informative

content about nearby points of interest (Point Of

Interest or POI). Some mobile guides have supported

the provision of personalized tour recommendations

to help tourists make appropriate plans and visit the

most attractive POIs in the time available. However,

existing tourist tour planners only consider available

attractions as sites that have no physical dimensions

(eg POIs are treated as 'points'). This limits the POI

modeling as a tourist object that may be included /

excluded from a particular location (eg the main

entrance door). Although this is enough to schedule a

visit in a museum, gallery, or park with a single entry

point. Tourists generally appreciate walking

pedestrian zones, market areas or urban areas that

have architectural, cultural and beautiful value not

only visiting restricted access sites or taking the

fastest route to move city landmarks.

Visits to museums, galleries, religious sites and

archeology are of course part of routine tourists in

urban areas. However, field research reveals that

tourists try to maximize the time spent wandering

around urban space, involving all of their body's

senses to carry out movements enjoying space.

Unlike commuters or permanent city dwellers, most

tourists will trade time-saving shortcuts or transit

transfers in favor of more indirect, beautiful or

walking routes that offer more opportunities for

exploration of form and discovery. In addition to

offering a glimpse of daily life activities, this walking

route allows trains to appreciate the beautiful value

and cultural elements and architecture of the historic

district.

Figure 1. Tourist Location Map of Pontianak City

(Source: Pontianak City Tourism Office, 2018)

Here, we propose detailed TTDP modeling that

captures the practical nature of tourist visiting styles

allowing it to schedule both visits to POI 'points' and

walking routes through pedestrian zones,

architectural or cultural areas and district values (see

Figure 1) . We will use the term 'POI' to refer to the

point attraction and the term 'Beautiful Route' to refer

to the tourist value walking path. In addition to

highlighting walking routes of tourist interests, our

formulations can also serve to prevent tourists from

passing through the unfriendly (or really dangerous)

parts parts of a city.

We have carried out user evaluation trials, held at

historical tourist sites in Pontianak City (City Square,

Kadriyah Palace, Jami 'Mosque, Equator Monument,

Gajahmada Road) in October 2018, participants

included two main assessment groups:

 Locals (permanent city residents or

students)

 Tourists, most do not know the tourist

destination

Some of the locals have become writers' personal

contacts, while the rest are 'friends of friends'.

Tourists have been recruited around the city's main

tourist attractions. The questionnaire was distributed

to 13 local residents (10 men, 3 women) and 6 tourists

(4 men, 2 women) aged between 25-47 years

responding to our request. Between evaluators only

two have ever had previous experience with city

guides.

From the results of identification in the field in

several historical tourist locations in the city of

Pontianak, we can conclude several aspects of the

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analysis of problems related to urban space around

tourist areas, namely:

1) Analysis of street vendors

PKL analysis is determined by buying and

selling behavior and tourist activities in tourist

areas, the problems that occur with OKL are

street vendors located on pedestrian, arcade and

in front of shops that are ineffective because they

cause inconvenience to road users while the PKL

theory has obligations safeguarding sanitation,

fragility, order and respecting other parties to

realize spatial planning programs that meet

environmental, economic, and social relations

aspects. By examining existing problems with

the theory that should be, here are the solutions

that can be given, namely:

a) Street vendors are arranged in such a way

that they do not overcrowd and accumulate

in locations so that they do not jostle and

cause irregularities.

b) The trading location is placed on one side of

the sidewalk, not on both sides so that

pedestrian circulation is wider.

c) Looking for a special area that is wide

enough for street vendors placement

(concentrated in one particular place, which

has been established in the Equator

Monument tourist area only still requires a

more attractive and not slum arrangement).

2) Analysis of Restaurants and Cafes

Analysis of restaurants and cafes is determined

by the interior and exterior design that displays

the karakket of the City of Pontianak. Existing

restaurants and cafes do not represent

Pontianak's culture. The existing building must

have a style and style that can be interpreted as a

characteristic building kumoulan, so that it can

unite fragments of a city (Hamid Shirvani). So

we need a design that is able to create a

distinctive atmosphere, taking into account this,

the solution we provide :

a) Add Pontianak's distinctive cultural

elements to interior elements and exteriors,

so it's not monotonous like a restaurant in

general.

b) Making interior design that is appropriate

and has a connection between inner space

and outer space.

3) Analysis of Public Facilities

Public toilets are specially designed rooms

complete with clean and safe and hygienic

closets, supplies and equipment where people in

domestic, commercial and public places can

defecate and fulfill other social and

psychological needs, the problem is very clear

when looking at toilets common in some tourist

areas, toilets are less hygienic, the distance

between toilets is too far even though the

regulation of public toilets is clearly regulated at

the Indonesian Public Works Service. Based on

these conditions, we provide a solution:

i) Increase the number of public toilets

ii) Signing and maps to make it easy for

travelers to find public toilets

iii) Improve cleanliness by adding trash

bins in each unit

iv) Renovating public toilets to the

standards set by the Public Works

Agency.

v) Provides a special place to disperse and

dispose of dishwashing water

vi) Zoning for selecting garbage bins so as

not to disturb the beauty of the tourist

area

4) Parking Analysis

Parking is the initial cause of problems in some

Pontianak historical tourist areas which are

associated with pedestrian convenience, places

that are no longer sufficient to make tourist areas

become crowded. Provision of parking space

which has the least visual effect which is a

successful effort in the design of the city (Hamid

Shirvani, 1986). The solutions that can be given

are:

a) Design parking bags

b) Improve security by providing security posts

and ticketing places for parking (such as in

Taman Alun Kapuas)

5) Analysis of Advertising Media Layout

Media advertising is used as a promotional

medium and means of communication because

advertising media is very important but what

happens in tourist areas actually damages the

characteristics of tourist areas, so the solutions

provided are:

a. The distance from the billboard is adjusted

to the existing regulations.

b. Dismantling billboards that damage the

original facade of the region.

Some design solutions that we can provide

are as follows:

 In the design of the new pedestrian

lane, parking is free, pedestrians are

also added with street furniture

such as garden chairs and also the

addition of shade trees as greening,

so that it adds to the comfort of

pedestrians on holiday tours.

 The trash box is placed 6 m along

the tourist area with 3 types of litter

boxes. Red organic waste, yellow

Aplication of Tourism System in Scenic Route in the Cultural and Old Tourism Areas in Pontianak

organic waste and green wet

garbage.

 Parking area

Parking pockets are located in an

area that was used as a parking

space that is still not regularly

located, especially around the

Keraton Kadriyah tourist area.

 Open space functions as a green

area in a tourist area that can be

used for all activities such as street

art, photography and a place to

relax.

Analysis of Linkage of Cultural and Historical

Tourism in Pontianak City

Gunn and Var in Patria describe several things

that must be considered in planning tourist attraction,

namely: (1) attraction is created and managed,

meaning that an object cannot function as an

attraction and cannot be promoted before it is

identified, designed, established, and

managed for visitors; (2) attraction can be achieved

through grouping themes, both physically and

through tours, for example garden tours, historic

tours, architectural tours, and cruise (cruise); (3) the

connection between attractiveness and important

services because of its attractiveness requires support

from travel services; (4) attractiveness can cover rural

or urban scale because the market likes the

atmosphere and rural and urban experiences. Gunn

and Var divide the classification of attraction based

on three groups, namely according to ownership (by

ownership), according to resources (by resource), and

according to length of stay (touring / long stay). The

following is a table about the classification according

to Gunn and Var.

In order to develop cultural values, Pontianak

City Government encouraged the establishment of

various kinds of cultural arts studios in the

community. At present there are 165 arts and culture

studios. However, due to limited resources and

available resources, only 35 arts and culture studios

have received guidance from the Pontianak City

Government. In addition to fostering art and culture

studios, Pontianak City Government conducts data

collection and monitoring of objects that have

historical value. Based on an assessment conducted

by the Pontianak City Culture and Tourism Office in

2010, which is included in the classification of

Cultural Heritage Objects found in Pontianak City

are:

1. Kadriah Palace of the Sultan Palace of

Pontianak Kel. In the Bugis City of

Pontianak Sy. Ali Bin hamid Assegaf has

been restored by the Ministry of

Education and Culture in 1923 M Kec.

East Pontianak West Kalimantan in

1992-19962.

2. Sultan Abdurahman Alkadri Mosque,

Pontianak Muharam Sultanate House of

Worship Kel. In the Bugis City of

Pontianak Sy. Usman Mohdar Al-Idrus

has been restored by Ministry of

Education and Culture Prov 1237 H Kec.

East Pontianak West Kalimantan in

1994-19983.

3. The Tomb of the Tomb of the Sultanate

of the Sultanate of Pontianak in 1808 AD

Ex. In the Bugis City of Pontianak Sy.

Mohdar Alkadrie has been restored

Depdikbud Prov Pontianak District East

Pontianak West Kalimantan in 1984-

19884.

4. Equator Monument in the Dutch

Colonial monument in 1928 Ex. City of

Pontianak Hamdi City of North

Pontianak District

5. Masjid Baitan Nur House of Worship of

the Sultanate of Pontianak 1216 Ex. In

Bugis Kota Pontianak Abdul Gawi Obet

1802 M Kec. East Pontianak

6. SDN 46 (now SDN 14) Dutch Colonial

School in 1928 Jl. Tamar Kel.Tengah

Kota Pontianak Kec. Pontianak City

7. Temples / Bodhisatva Karaniyah Metta

Monastery 1689 Houses of Worship MK

Komplek Pasar Kapuas Indah Kota Kel

Kel. Darat Sekip Kec. Pontianak City

8. Dutch Colonial Site / Machine Well in

1930 Office of the City Head of

Pontianak, Pontianak City Jl. Prince

Natakusuma

9. Port Teng Seng Hie 18-19 Century Site

M Jl. Sultan Muhammad City of

Pontianak, Pelabuhan Rakyat I Kel.

Benua Melayu Laut Kec. South

Pontianak

10. Former Complex of the 20th Century

Residential Building Office Jl.

Zainuddin Kel. Pontianak City Center

Now Ptk City BAPPEDA. West Borneo

City of Pontianak.

As a city that already has a long history, the relics

of travel and cultural interaction sites can still be seen

as tourism objects, including the Kadriyah Palace,

Jami Mosque ', Batu Layang Tomb as a Cultural

Tourism Object created by humans, then with the

grace of God's creation developed Special Interest

Tourism Objects on the location of the Equator

Monument where the uniqueness of the solar system

can be witnessed at the culmination of the sun and

Taman Alun Kapuas with panoramic views of the

BEST ICON 2018 - Built Environment, Science and Technology International Conference 2018

river Kapuas Water Front City (WFC). As a water

city or river bank, the city of Pontianak also develops

water tourism on the City Tour that uses boats along

the Kapuas River and promotes agro tourism in

cultivation and the development of Aloe vera plants

(AVC) which can be processed into Pontianak's

typical food. To support the development of urban

areas from economic and trade aspects, shopping

tourism has developed with the establishment of

malls and other modern markets without leaving

traditional markets, very adequate tourism facilities

with star-class hospitality facilities and services,

entertainment venues such as discos, karaoke, sports

fields , restaurants, Money Changer and leading

banks and other tourism supporting facilities.

The concept of city tourism to be implemented in

the city of Pontianak, should involve the local

community as economic actors in the community who

immediately feel the impact of the existence of this

tourism development. In addition, the balance

between the needs of tourists and the public must be

able to provide a mutual take-and-take relationship,

so that each tourist can take advantage of both. And

also do not forget the intervention of stakeholders in

determining policies that will provide improvements

for tourist users in making tourist attractions as a

place that is feasible to visit and has an attraction.

For Pontianak City tourism development based on

tourism potential in the table above, the following

principles can be used:

1. The attraction of tourist location destinations is

the most important part of inviting tourists to visit.

2. The transportation aspect is needed for tourists to

start their tour from the inn to the destination of

the destination.

3. The main and supporting facilities aspects of

tourist sites also need to be improved by providing

amenities at each tourist location (infrastructure),

such as lodging arrangements, hotels directed at

suburban or suburban areas.

4. The involvement of the local community needs to

be held to increase the sense of ownership of the

community towards tourist sites and their areas

and to improve the community economy in the

tourist sites, for example by structuring the

business centers of local communities which

should be encouraged such as traditional souvenir

markets that sell all forms typical city souvenirs,

traditional food, traditional art performances,

To be able to make it as a tourism product, it is

necessary to integrate the related aspects which

consist of aspects of city attraction, transportation

aspects, main and supporting facilities aspects, and

institutional aspects in the form of attributes of human

resources, systems, and other related institutions. The

model of Pontianak City tourism development,

especially cultural and historical tourism, was

developed involving the concept of integration

between attractions, amenities, accessibility, ancilary

and community.

The following is given a description of the

historical cultural tourism flow which is a tourism

potential as an attraction for tourists to make their

sightseeing trips. This tourist route planning is based

on spatial planning and circulation, which describes

the historical and cultural heritage tour according to

the specified theme. The purpose of this plan is for

tourists to get a message (message) in the form of

experience and understanding of the journey of

cultural history in the City Center. To meet these

objectives, a tourist route plan was made consisting

of three alternative routes, namely:

a. The path of an alternative interpretation is one

(Representation of the Kingdom Period in the

City Center of Pontianak), namely tourism

Keraton, Masjid Jami ', Tomb of the Kings,

Kampung Beting.

b. Alternative two interpretation pathways

(Representation of Colonial Period in Pontianak

City Center), namely Kawsan Resident (old

office), City Square, Pasar Tengah, Seng Hie

Port, SD 14, Baitunnur Mosque, Gajhmada and

Tanjungpura Road Areas.

c. Alternative three tourist routes (Representation

of the Independence Period in Pontianak City

Center), namely the Equator Monument area.

Figure Pontianak City Travel Path Plan

Source: Analysis Results, 2018

4 CONCLUSIONS

Aspects of analysis of problems related to urban

space around tourist areas in Pontianak City are street

vendors, restaurant and cafe infrastructure, public

facilities infrastructure, parking space needs, and

advertising media layout. While for potential tourist

attractions in Pontianak city consist of city hall tourist

Aplication of Tourism System in Scenic Route in the Cultural and Old Tourism Areas in Pontianak

attractions, road areas, city monuments, culinary,

campus, malls, traditional markets, squares, city

parks and city museums. And among the potential

tourist attractions, there is historical cultural tourism

which is an alternative tourism destination for tourists

who want to know the history of Pontianak City, both

royal history, colonial history and post-independence

history.

3. The plan for tourist routes that can support the

potential of tourist attraction can be made into three

alternative routes, namely the one-way interpretation

route (Kingdom Period Representation in Pontianak

City Center), namely Keraton, Jami Mosque, King's

Tomb, Kampung Beting, Alternative two

interpretation pathways (Representation of Colonial

Period in Pontianak City Center), namely Kawsan

Resident (old office), City Square, Pasar Tengah,

Seng Hie Port, SD 14, Baitunnur Mosque, Jalan

Gajahmada and Tanjungpura Area, and three

alternative tourist lanes (Representation of the

Independence Period in Pontianak City Center),

namely the Equator Monument

Suggestion

For the Pontianak government, this alternative tourist

route can be used as an alternative for tourists who

come to visit the City of Pontianak to take a historical

and cultural tour. The tourist alternatives provided as

one of the support of river tourism tours that have

been offered by many travel agencies and hotels, for

more details explain the travel of tourists who come.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Acknowledgments to the unit of research and service

of the Pontianak State Polytechnic Society for

Applied Research Grants in 2018.

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