Application of Citizen Journalism based on Information Technology

Alexander Setiawan

, Ido Priyana Hadi

, Agusly Irawan Aritonang

and Desi Yoanita

Petra Christian University, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Informatics Department,

Siwalankerto Street 121 – 131 Surabaya 60236

Petra Christian University, Faculty of Communication Science, Communication Science Department,

Siwalankerto Street 121 – 131 Surabaya 60236

Keywords: Information Technology, Citizen Journalism, Media Applications.

Abstract: The development of information and communication technology in the present time is growing rapidly and

increasingly easy to access information. Variety of news can be enjoyed through the presence of mainstream

media such as newspapers, television, radio until the new media so that the emergence of media with new

formats such as news portals from online media and the emergence of television streaming service that makes

the needs of news to be very simple. With that made a research with the making of citizen journalism

application based on information technology, which in this application will focus on the implementation of

citizen journalism web-based using JSON and AJAX programming model. The purpose of applying the

citizen journalism website is to expand the reach of the media and make it easier for guests to get facilities

from citizen journalism. From the results of the implementation and testing of the application, will generate

some facilities in this website, including the use of facilities divided into 3 parts, namely for guests, members,

and administrators. Content of this website provides images and news information so that members can clearly

know the news to be submitted and can make the addition of news online, as well as the latest news posting

information, selection of news types, and guest book for members on this website so it will provide added

value for applications.

1 INTRODUCTION

As we know that every news reported by the media is

not always true and often have a specific purpose. That

is why citizen journalism is required because

compared to the media, the writings of a civilian are

more neutral because he has no interest whatsoever

unless he is part of the formation of public opinion as

is commonly practiced by the media. Examples of

disputes between citizens and companies, not

infrequently the news conveyed by the media is half-

truth news and then where the other half? The other

half may not be covered or deliberately covered. New

media arises and with it the readership of the

traditional media coupled declines. Public

participation in the news process gives rise to

independent online journalism (Rodrigues & Braham,

2008).

The important role of citizen journalism is to

overwhelm what the media does not, to clarify the

truth. Media used in citizen journalism is a social

network applications like facebook, twitter, and also

blogs. Residents can report the incident from the scene

shortly after the incident took place over professional

journalists. Technological advances, especially the

internet, encourage citizens to become a 'journalist'.

Citizen journalism (citizen journalism) has become a

trend among the public.

The activities usually done by journalists can now

be done by ordinary people though, easy access to

internet also facilitate in doing activity coverage so

that the coverage can be received by the press

company immediately. Citizen journalism covers all

types of print, electronic, or online media. However in

Indonesia as well as in other countries, is increasing

rapidly with online media.

2 CITIZEN JOURNALISM &

INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

New Media is a term used for all media forms mass

communication based on communication and

information technology. New media that have these

388

Setiawan, A., Hadi, I., Aritonang, A. and Yoanita, D.

Application of Citizen Journalism based on Information Technology.

DOI: 10.5220/0009021500002297

In Proceedings of the Borneo International Conference on Education and Social Sciences (BICESS 2018), pages 388-391

ISBN: 978-989-758-470-1

characteristics is the internet. The Internet is a wired

and satellite phone network that connects the

computer (Vivian, 2008). In this new media theory

there are two views about the era of the first and

second media. First, the view of social interaction:

differentiate media according to how close the media

is with model of face-to-face interaction. Second, the

view of social integrity: this approach illustrates

media not in the form of information, interaction, or

dissemination, but in ritual form or how humans use

the media as a way of creating society with uniting

society in the form of mutual belonging.

The development of new media technology is

very influential on the development of citizen

journalism. The technology is the internet which is

the network computer that allows the exchange of

information without distance and time constraints. the

emergence of the Internet or commonly called the

new media provides opportunities for non-

professional journalists (citizen journalism) to

publish their articles in the media.

The term social media journalism has no classical

communication and journalistic literature. this term

emerged later as the development of social media as

part of online media (Romli, 2008).

The need for application and maturity of

information technology in the citizen journalism

environment requires an integration of technology

and information. This need will be seen in decision-

making at the top level that must be supported by

information technology. The Information

Technology process can be seen Figure 1.

Figure 1: Information Technology Processes.

The utilization of information technology to

support organizations or institutions in responding to

business / government pressure and achieving its

objectives has been regarded as a necessity by every

organization, government, and company. Increased

complexity, interconnectivity, and globalization

make developers of information technology requires

a large cost and also cause various risks. At the same

time, information technology also provides enormous

opportunities as journalists and changes the thinking

patterns of citizen journalism (Setiawan, 2015).

AJAX is a technique to make the display more

quickly and dynamically. AJAX allows the display

can perform updates by exchanging small amounts of

data. The advantage of using AJAX is able to reload

in a section on the display without having to refresh

the entire page (W3schools, 2016). The goal is to

move most of the interaction on a computer web

surfer, to exchange data with the server behind the

scenes, so that the web page does not have to be read

as a whole every time a user makes a change. This

will increase interactivity, speed, and usability

(Setiawan, Handojo, & Hadi, 2017).

3 DESIGN SYSTEM

The task of the admin is to do insert, update, delete,

view information on web applications are provided

through a web browser. In a system of admin user can

view information - information about the kind of

culture that is selected, and the user can also add news

and information via web application. Admin tasks

that perform insert, update, delete illustrations and

questions from the web applications. Design system

citizen journalism can be seen Figure 2.

Figure 2: Design System Citizen Journalism Application.

4 IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM

The first time accessing the website citizen

journalism will appear index page that can make the

application can be seen Figure 3. If not registration,

then user must do registration process. Registration

form application can be seen Figure 4.

In creating a new article then the user needs to

specify the category, title, article content, image or

article thumbnail. Users will submit articles to be

published, by click Write Article on the profile page.

Control

Statements

Control

Practices

is enabled by

and considers

IT Processes

The control of

Business

Requirements

which satisfy

Application of Citizen Journalism based on Information Technology

389

Once completed then the user can click the submit

button. Article submitted form application can be

seen Figure 5.

At the very top of the page the user can see who

uploaded or created the article. Then follow below,

the content of the article itself. Then when the user

wants to add a comment on this article then the user

can scroll to the bottom of the article page, it will

show comment field as follows. Article comments

application can be seen Figure 6.

Figure 3: Login Form Application.

Figure 4: Register Form Application.

Figure 5: Article Submitted Form Application.

Figure 6: Article Comments Application.

5 CONCLUSIONS

At the end of the design and development of citizen

journalism application, some conclusions can be

drawn through the existence of online journalism will

encourage the transparency of the more easily and

openly in news reporting. This causes professional

journalists to start creating blogs to seek informative

feedback from the audience.

REFERENCES

Rodrigues, Usha M. and Braham, Emily 2008, Citizen

journalism and the public sphere: a study of the status

of citizen journalism, Australian journalism review,

vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 49-60.

Vivian, J. 2008. Teori Komunikasi Massa, edisi Kedelapan

(The Media of Mass Communication, 8th edition).

Diterjemahkan Oleh Tri Wibowo B.S., Jakarta:

Kencana Prenada Media Group.

BICESS 2018 - Borneo International Conference On Education And Social

390

Romli, M. S. A, 2018, Jurnalistik Online: Panduan

Mengelola Media Online 2nd Editon. Nuansa Cendika

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Setiawan, A., 2015, Pengaruh Kematangan, Kinerja Dan

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi Di Perguruan

Tinggi Swasta Yogyakarta Dengan Model Cobit

Framework. In Seminar Nasional Informatika

(SEMNASIF) (Vol. 1, No. 5).

W3schools. 2016. AJAX Introduction,

URL=http://www.w3schools.com/Ajax/ajax_intro.asp.

Setiawan, A., Handojo, A., & Hadi, R. 2017. Indonesian

Culture Learning Application Based on Android.

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