Evaluation of the Regional Election Commission Performance in

Implementing the Socialization Program in Simultaneosly General

Election in Karawang Regional District

Sitti Hikmawatty

, Bedjo Sujanto

Doctoral Program, Management of Science Jakarta State University

Keywords: Evaluation, Performance, Socialization Program, Human Capital Management

Abstract: This study is an evaluative research, aiming to describe the performance of the regional ELECTION

COMMISSION in carrying out simultaneously election socialization program in Karawang district. The

research uses a qualitative approach, with the method using evaluation model from Discrepancy Evaluation

Model (DEM) model developed by Malcolm Provus.The place of study in Karawang. The data collected

using the methods of observation, documentation and interviews, where the results of the validation of the

instrument is carried out with the method of triangulation. Analysis of the evaluative basis by using DEM

model. The research show: (1) Results of evaluation and analysis of the design components of the 2015

simultaneous Pilkada socialization program are accordance with the regulation and law Number 1 Year

2015 concerning Election of Governors, Regents, and Mayors. (2) Results of evaluation and analysis of

installation components to support the 2015 simultaneous regional socialization program. KPU Karawang

need a Mastery of Material, they did a number of things in an effort to master the material related to local

elections simultaneously, the effort was carried out through the dissemination of information related to

simultaneous local elections conducted in Karawang Regency. (3) Results of evaluation and analysis of

implementation components are still less from the expectation. both in terms of quality and quantity. (4).

The observation results illustrate that the socialization media is still not reliable.

1 INTRODUCTION

The democratic system as applied in Indonesia is

known that the people have an important role in the

affairs of the state (Akbar, 2016), this gives an

opportunity for the people of Indonesia to give their

participation in political activities. The Pilkada was

carried out in realities where the simultaneous

elections were followed by 9 (nine) elections for the

Governor and Deputy Governor, 36 (thirty six)

elections for the Mayor and Deputy Mayor, 224 (out

of twenty-four) elections for the Regent and Deputy

Regent. Whereas in West Java which has a dense

population in the title 7 (seven) regional and district

head elections. These areas are Depok City,

Sukabumi Regency, Cianjur Regency, Bandung

Regency, Indramayu Regency, Pangandaran

Regency and Karawang Regency (Chaniago, 2016).

The Karawang regency is a regency that has a large

number of voting rights, namely 788,935 male

voters, 774,347 female voters, with a total of

1,563,282 select people, with 30 PPK and 2628

polling stations.

The amount of voting rights placed Karawang

regency has the potential for conflict, the potential

for such conflicts due to the number of candidate

pairs participating in the elections in Karawang

Regency is relatively large where there are 6 (six)

candidate pairs. As for the population, Karawang

occupation has a heterogeneous population, which

allows conflict between supporters at the time of the

elections. Confirmation of the vulnerability of

conflict in the elections in Karawang was confirmed

by the Chief of Police at the time when Karawang

District was mapped as a conflict-prone area in the

implementation of 2015 Regional Head Elections in

West Java Province(Adjats, 2015). Interestingly, the

election results show that there is no meaningful

conflict in the simultaneous regional elections in

Karawang Regency, while the problem is the

Hikmawatty, S. and Sujanto, B.

Evaluation of the Regional Election Commission Performance in Implementing the Socialization Program in Simultaneosly General Election in Karawang Regional District.

DOI: 10.5220/0009492602830288

In Proceedings of the 1st Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science (UNICEES 2018), pages 283-288

ISBN: 978-989-758-432-9

283

unoptimal voter participation rate. Data from the

Regional Election Commission of Karawang

Regency stated that the level of community

participation was 1,044,416. (66.80%) in the Regent

and Deputy Regent of Karawang District Election.

This legitimate vote number shows that there is still

a low level of public awareness in Karawang

Regency in using political rights and voter turnout.

Some of the problems related to the simultaneous

socialization of 2015 Election in Karawang Regency

in reality hinder at each stage of the elections which

of course needs to be overcome by evaluating the

implementation of simultaneous election

socialization programs in Karawang Regency. The

research is important to do in order to provide

concepts / models regarding the simultaneous

election socialization program that is ideal in

Karawang Regency.

Based on the description of the background

above, the focus of the research is formulated on

several things as follows:

1. What is the design component of the 2015

simultaneous election socialization program?

2. What is the availability and quality of the

components of the installation of the 2015

simultaneous local election socialization

program?

3. What are the components of the implementation

of the 2015 simultaneous Pilkada socialization

program?

What are the components of the 2015

simultaneous local election socialization program?

2 THEORICAL FRAMEWORK

Program evaluation is a systematic method for

gathering, analyzing, and using information to

answer questions about projects, policies and

programs specifically about their effectiveness and

efficiency (Wirawan, 2011). In both the public and

private sectors, stakeholders often want to know

whether the program is in funding, the

implementation of the activity process can be

accepted or rejected with the desired results and

level of influence and power. While the first

program evaluation focuses around this definition of

the effect under consideration. Questions about the

budget efficiency of each program, how the program

can be improved, is this program valuable and

meaningful, are there better alternatives, if there are

unwanted results, and whether there are appropriate

and useful goal programs Likewise evaluation helps

to answer these questions useful for evaluators and

stakeholders.(Creswell, 2009)

There are various models of evaluation research

proposed by evaluation research experts. The models

compiled by these experts are used as guidelines for

systematically evaluating a program and each model

has a different approach. Each of these models has

its own advantages and disadvantages, so it cannot

be noted that this model is better than others, but

adjusted for the needs needed in the study.

According to Fitzpatrick et al(Fitzpatrick, Sanders

and Worthen, 2004). Provide a category for each

evaluation model that shows that evaluation

activities refer to:

a. Purposes-based evaluation approach;

b. Management-based evaluation approach;

c. Client / service user based evaluation approach;

d. Expertise-based evaluation approach; and

e. The evaluation approach is based on

participation in the program.

Simultaneous elections are far more efficient.

One important aspect that is considered in the

implementation of general elections is time and

budget efficiency. Based on this, a system needs to

be created so that elections are only carried out in

one round, but by still taking into account the

legitimacy aspects of the elected regional head

candidates. Based on this, the Law stipulates that the

candidate pairs who get the most votes are

determined as the elected candidate pair.

Definition of Political Socialization

Political socialization is "the study of developmental

processes in which people of all ages and

adolescents acquire cognition and knowledge about

politics, attitudes, and behavior".(Powell and

Cowart, 2017) This refers to the learning process in

which norms and behaviors that can be accepted for

the political system that run by being transmitted

from one generation to another. This is a result that

individuals are promoted into political culture and

their orientation towards political objects is

formed.(Ruhela, 2003)

a. Purpose of Simultaneous Local Election

The purpose of the simultaneous regional election is

the creation of effectiveness and efficiency(Akbar,

2016). The budget saving point arises when the KPU

finances the fees for TPS officers because in the

Governor election, together with the election of the

Regent or Mayor, the financing for TPS officers

only needs to be paid once including the cost of

technical guidance, socialization costs, and other

costs of financing one election times. Concurrent

elections also had a positive impact on the party.

The party has time to take care of its constituents

because it is not bothered to have to prepare for

elections every time like now. Simultaneous

elections will also encourage the party to work

UNICEES 2018 - Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science

284

seriously in winning the hearts of voters. If their

performance is not good, voters can punish them in

the next election.

b. Legal Basis for Socialization of Local Election

and Position of Simultaneous Local Election

Article 5 paragraph (1) of Law Number 8 of 2015

concerning Amendment to Law Number 1 of 2015

concerning the Establishment of Government

Regulations in lieu of Law Number 1 Year 2014

concerning Election of Governors, Regents and

Mayors as Laws stipulating that Elections are held

through 2 (two) stages, namely the preparation and

implementation stages. In paragraph (2) describes a

number of stages of simultaneous regional elections,

namely: 2) Preparation stages as referred to in

paragraph (1). The evaluation model used in this

study is the Discrepancy Evaluation Model (DEM)

model developed by Malcolm Provus.(Wirawan,

2011)

The steps taken in the gap evaluation model

include processes a). Approve standards, b).

Determine whether there is a gap between the

appearance of the program and the standard

implementation program that has been set, c). Use

gap information to determine the attitude of whether

to improve, improve or stop the program or just a

few aspects. Extracting gaps on the display of

program implementation in the field will go through

benchmarking steps with established standard /

program criteria. The process of comparing each

step experiences rotation as shown in the chart

below:

The figure above shows that S is the standard /

program criteria, P is the display of program

implementation in the field, C is the comparison of

standard / program criteria with the appearance of

program implementation in the field, D is the gap

information, and A is the change of new program or

program standard actions.

3 RESEARCH METHOD

This study aims to explain the mismatches that

might occur in the implementation of the program of

disseminating the Regional Head Elections (Pilkada)

Simultaneously in Karawang Regency in 2015.

Research Evaluation of the Implementation of the

Socialization of Regional Head Elections (Pilkada)

Program in Karawang Regency in 2015 using the

post paradigm -positivism.

Analysis of the data on the Evaluation of the

Implementation of the Program for the Promotion of

Simultaneous Regional Head Elections (Pilkada) in

Karawang Regency in 2015 is the process of

compiling and combining data into patterns, themes,

categories.(Creswell, 2009) Whereas the

interpretation of the Evaluation of the

Implementation of the Socialization of the Regional

Head Election (Pilkada) Program in Karawang

Regency in 2015 aims to give meaning to the

analysis, explain patterns or categories, and look for

relationships and interpretations between concepts.

4 RESULT

Results of evaluation and analysis of the design

components of the 2015 simultaneous Pilkada

socialization program.

a. Juridical Platform Design Program

1) The legal basis for simultaneous election

socialization in Karawang Regency is based on

the mandate of the Law of the Republic of

Indonesia Number 1 of 2015 Concerning the

Establishment of Government Regulation in

Lieu of Law Number 1 Year 2014 concerning

Election of Governors, Regents, and Mayors.

2) The design of the level of conformity of the

socialization rules with the conditions /

characteristics of the area can be seen that there

are conformity rules in the types of socialization

practices.

Results of evaluation and analysis of installation

components to support the 2015 simultaneous

regional socialization program.

b. Mastery of Material

1) KPU Karawang Regency did a number of things

in an effort to master the material related to

local elections simultaneously, the effort was

carried out through the dissemination of

information related to simultaneous local

elections conducted in Karawang Regency.

Information dissemination is carried out through

various methods such as sending letters

containing various notices about the material,

up to face-to-face through technical guidance

conducted at the KPU Office in Karawang

Regency.

2) Installation carried out by KPU Karawang

Regency in increasing the mastery of material to

the implementers of PPK and PPS is

constrained by a variety of educational

backgrounds and the quantity of experience they

have. Technical counseling and guidance are

still constrained by the amount of counseling

and technical guidance. For more details, the

following are the number of installations in

Evaluation of the Regional Election Commission Performance in Implementing the Socialization Program in Simultaneosly General

Election in Karawang Regional District

285

increasing mastery of materials to PPK and

PPS:

Table 1: Types of Socialization in efforts to

Strengthen Material to KDP and PPS in Karawang

Regency

No Type of

Strengthening

Media

Description

1. Training All officers

2. Technical Guidance All officers

3. Seminar Community

4. FGD Community

Leader

3) Support training / guidance for the implementor.

The training / guidance support of the

implementor was carried out to PPK and PPS,

but based on observations it was seen that in

fact not all PPK and PPS received direct

training and guidance by KPU Karawang.

Table 2: Quantity of Activities in efforts to

Strengthen Material to PPK and PPS in Karawang

Regency

No Sedcription Quality Trainning Activitie

1. PPK Held 10 times

2. PPS Held 15 timesli

c. Socialization Media

1) Flow of selection of media installations is

carried out through the KPU and Bawaslu

working meeting in Karawang Regency

regarding several alternative media to be

chosen. The choice of media flow is determined

through the level of need and availability of

funds contained in the KPU of Karawang

Regency. The other considerations are related to

the large area of Karawang Regency which of

course the selection of socialization media has

been adapted to the media's ability to inform the

simultaneous local election in Karawang

Regency.

2) Networking of socialization media in rural areas

was chosen in accordance with the conditions of

media availability in various sub-districts and

villages in Karawang Regency. This installation

is very concerned about the capabilities of

media facilities and infrastructure and

information needs of the community, especially

studies on community participation in previous

elections. Networking media is in accordance

with the pockets of voters who have not

exercised their right to vote in the previous

elections and this is where the media network is

strengthened by the KPU of Karawang

Regency.

3) The results of the observation show that the

installation on the intensity of the socialization

media is limited and only focuses on the

substantive matters, this occurs because it is

constrained by the limited budget for

socialization with the limited budget ceiling.

Table 3: Socialization Media Intensity

No Type of

Socialitation

Intensity Number

1. TV Ads None

2. Radio Ads 2 times

3. Billboards 5 pieces

4. Banner 344 pieces

5. Phamphlet 6040 sheets

Based on the table above, it can be explained

that the socialization held by the Karawang

Regency Election Commission was not optimal.

Constraints seen: first, lack of maturity of

socialization planning in the Karawang Election

program. Second, limited human resources.

Third, coordination between institutions is the

main obstacle to lack of optimal socialization.

The four budget allocations, scheduling budget

cuts.

4) The observation results illustrate that the

socialization media is still not reliable because it

only focuses on the election schedule, not to the

essence of the importance of using voter voting

rights.

d. Fund Mangement

1) The level of availability of funds with needs in

the field based on interviews does not meet

various socialization needs.

2) Transparency of the use of funds in the

socialization of elections is still not transparent

where publications of the use of funds to the

public as supervisors of socialization have not

been conducted.

3) Accountability for the use of funds is only

normative, this is seen from the existence of a

budget that is deemed not in accordance with

the conditions in the field.

e. Infrastructure arrangements

1) Conformity of facilities and infrastructure to the

needs in the field. The suitability of facilities

and infrastructure to the needs of socialization

in the field is still constrained by the budget,

facilities such as banners are so limited and in

fact there is no even distribution, not even every

village has banners regarding regional elections.

UNICEES 2018 - Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science

286

2) Quality of facilities and infrastructure. The

quality of facilities and infrastructure is not

good enough, there are still facilities and

infrastructure far from the standard and even

means of damaged banners due to the quality of

the material and the ink banners that are not of

good quality.

3) Quantity of facilities and infrastructure.

Quantias facilities and infrastructure are still

limited, especially regarding vehicles,

personnel, up to materials on banner, billboards

and some socialization events such as seminars,

workshops, training and simulations.

4) Maintenance of facilities and infrastructure.

Maintenance of facilities and infrastructure is

relatively not carried out considering that the

current issue will be different from the issue of

the next activity, however, for certain media

facilities such as computers etc. it is still an

asset of the Karawang Regency Election

Commission.

5) Results of Evaluation and Analysis of the

Implementation Components of the 2015

Simultaneous Local Election Socialization

Program.

f. Election Program Socialization

1) The level of participation of constituents on

socialization activities is still limited and there

are even several points of dissemination that are

not fulfilled.

2) Number of socialization points. The number of

points of socialization can be seen in the

following table:

Table 4: Socialization Media Quantity

No Kind of

Socialization

Frequency

1. Seminar 3 Location

2. Workshop None

3. Training Every Mounth

4. Simulation

 Voting

 Introduction of

TPS

 List Vote

Based on the table above, it can be explained that the

simultaneous dissemination of local elections carried

out by the Karawang Regency Election Commission

is far from being detected.

3) Form of socialization. Forms of socialization of

seminars, workshops, training and simulations.

g. Administration of Results of the 2015

Simultaneous Local Election Program

Socialization.

1) Administration system of socialization.

Administration of socialization is generally

planned, tailored to the needs or aspirations of

the community. However, this fact has a lack of

preparation so that preparation is considered

minimal which has implications for results that

are not optimal.

2) Accuracy of administration. Accuracy of

administration in the socialization program is

still problematic, this is related to several

administrative requirements that have not yet

been fulfilled, especially related to some

evidence of budget expenditure.

3) Administrative compliance with rules is still not

optimal where there is a shift in administration.

The point is that the administration is done after

the event is done, even though the

administration must be at the beginning and at

the end of the socialization event (after the

event as a report).

h. Conduct Monitoring and evaluation, as well as

the Implementation of the 2015 Simultaneous

Local Election Socialization Program.

1) Compliance with reports with rules. In the

accountability report there are still discrepancies

related to some operational expenditure that

have not been proven in detail. This is because

the administration process is still manual.

2) Clarity and detail of the report. There is still no

clarity regarding the details of the accountability

report for the socialization event.

i. Provide feedback on the incompatibility of the

2015 Simultaneous Local Election Socialization

Program.

1) Responsiveness to problem solving.

Responsiveness to solving socialization

problems is still felt to be lacking, this is evident

in the accountability report on election

socialization that has not been corrected as

detailed as the ceiling rules.

Reliability of problem solving is still not

resolved where it can be seen from the

inefficiency of election socialization in several

points so that the participation of constituents is

so far from the target.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the evaluation, analysis and discussion of

the results of the study can be concluded as follows:

First, the component of the design of the election

for socialization simultaneously in principle has

been in accordance with the rules as in the Law of

Evaluation of the Regional Election Commission Performance in Implementing the Socialization Program in Simultaneosly General

Election in Karawang Regional District

287

the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2015

concerning the Establishment of Government

Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2014

concerning the Election of Governors, Regents, and

Mayors. As for this rule, it can be seen that KPU in

Karawang Regency, PPK and PPS are actors as

instruments of socialization, the findings show that

this foundation does not yet have a design that

explicitly regulates the preparatory stages related to

simultaneous local elections, this results in

unpreparedness of the Karawang Regency KPU in

applying socialization because juridical rules are too

general. The design of remembrance of the

understanding of the constituents of the

simultaneous local election against voters is done

through the design of forms of socialization. The

design of this socialization is related to the efforts of

KPU Karawang Regency to socialize information to

the needy constituents. The socialization design was

carried out in all the points divided into sub-district

centers in the Karawang regency area. The findings

illustrate that this design is still focused on what is

done, but not paying enough attention to how this

design is relevant to what is owned such as human

resources, budget and means of parasana KPU

Karawang Regency.

Second, the installation component in

simultaneous regional elections in Karawang

Regency is constrained by the mastery of the

material from PPK and PPS where PPK as a very

law has the obligation to socialize the election. In

addition to the socialization program, which only

focused on billboards and banners, the mandate of

the law such as seminars, workshops and training

was only limited and focused in the city center. The

reason behind this is the limited funds and

infrastructure owned by the Karawang regency

KPU.

Third, the component of the implementation of

pikada socialization is still experiencing various

problems such as administration that are still

conventional in nature, the accountability report is

still not detailed related to the use of the budget. In

addition, the focus of the dissemination was only on

the candidate pairs and the date of the pilakda, even

though as research findings needed political

education such as the importance of using voting

rights by the constituents.

Fourth, components of results in Pilakada can

still be said to be not optimal, this is seen from the

number of voters who do not do breakthroughs (still

above 30%). But on the other hand the absence of

conflict from the candidate pair including the lawsuit

is an achievement in itself for the performance of the

socialization of KPU Kabupaten Karawang.

REFERENCES

Adjats (2015) “Kapolri: Karawang-Pangandaran

Daerah Rawan Konflik Pilkada Serentak.”

Karawang: Antaranews. Available at:

https://jabar.antaranews.com/berita/55232/kapo

lri-karawang-pangandaran-daerah-rawan-

konflik-pilkada-serentak.

Akbar, I. (2016) “Pilkada Serentak dan Geliat

Dinamika Politik dan Pemerintahan Lokal

Indonesia.”

Chaniago, S. P. (2016) “No Title,” Evaluasi Pilkada

Pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak tahun 2015, 21

No 2. Available at:

https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/jpi/arti

cle/view/6585.

Creswell, J. W. (2009) Research Design:

Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed

Approaches (3rd Edition), Research Design:

Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods

Approaches. doi: 10.2307/1523157.

Fitzpatrick, J. L., Sanders, J. R. and Worthen, B. R.

(2004) Program Evaluation: Alternative

Approaches and Practical Guidelines,

American Journal of Evaluation. doi:

10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.007.

Powell, L. and Cowart, J. (2017) Political campaign

communication: Inside and out: Third Edition,

Political Campaign Communication: Inside

and Out: Third Edition. doi:

10.4324/9781315265049.

Ruhela, V. K. . (2003) Political Theory a

Philosophical Perspective. New Delhi: Indian

Publisher.

Wirawan (2011) Evaluasi Teori, and Standar Model.

“Aplikasi dan Profesi.

UNICEES 2018 - Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science

288