Justice, Countryand Economic Development: Perspective

of Islamic Economic

Malahayatie, and Nandawati

Department of Shariah Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, IAIN, Lhokseumawe,

Indonesia

Abstract. This article has purpose to describe about Islamic Justice theory in a

country to intent Economic development evenly. Islamic Economic System in

justice, including all basic aspect of economic as production, distribution,

consumption, and exchanging. Justice is important pillar in Islamic Economic. In

Islamic country has important role to strengthen justice, so, the country should

has own policy or strategic step to intent the welfare and justice in economic

development. In accordance with (justice), A Figure of Islamic Economic Ibn

Khaldun has stresses that justice is the spine (back bone) and the strong principle

in economic. If justice couldn’t be implemented, so a country will be destroyed

and disappeared. The country has a big responsibility in intended Justice of

Economic Development. This is claimed so that the community has the same

opportunity to get feasibility of life, even though in every community has

differentiated by potential, skill and intellectual level, and also economic life that

owned. In Justice of Islamic Economic demanded is a country together with the

society that able to integrate in synergic to arranged whole aspect of life become

to integrate sequence of unity. Justice that want to be reached in this article to

expect there is characteristic and character from the community as the main core

so that has own characteristic realized in using all resource as capital in

production, consumption and distribution.

Keyword: Justice · Country · Economic development · Economic of Islam

1 Introduction

1.1 Background

Islam has enforced the justice and honesty in production or distribution of wealth and

ownership of equipment to make a living. But, Islam also aware that, the same thing

with another problem that happened, There will be no similarity between human in all

economic good or ownership of world wealth. This umbalanced has mentioned by Al-

Qur‟an as the part of economic rule of the God. Al-Qur‟an didn’t see the unbalancedin

those distributions as the reward or punishment and not also take an effort to eliminate

it, Because there are no both of people in the world who has given the ability mentaly

of physic that one hundred percent is same [1].

Islamic Principleabout justice conducted in whole aspect of human life activity, as

well as in law, social, politicor economic. Actually, the Islam Economic system is absed

Malahayatie, . and Nandawati, .

Justice, Countr yand Economic Development: Perspective of Islamic Economic.

DOI: 10.5220/0010437400002900

In Proceedings of the 20th Malaysia Indonesia International Conference on Economics, Management and Accounting (MIICEMA 2019), pages 493-508

ISBN: 978-989-758-582-1; ISSN: 2655-9064

493

on the justice principle, These are includes all of basic aspect of economic such as

production, distribution, consumption,and exchange [2].

In Islam point of View the existence of individual and community has the same

important rule, without, should be priorotized. As individual, each human has the full

freedom. Butwhen they are together in community, so the freedom will be limited with

another people freedom. Because of that each individual cannot take the benefit of their

freedom to fulfill the importance of themselves and neglect the community importance.

If it is not happended, so, the conflict will be happened between the importance. On

contrary, if the community importance is prioritized, and take a side of Individual

importance, so the bad potential of individual will not develop well.

In this case the justice need to be reinforced, The problem is who has reinforced

these justices, the answer of course all the community itselves. But in practical, needed

a certain group in community that has own quality that able to reinforce the justice in

community itselves.

The justice realted with the ralationship between the groups contain the meaning

that Al-Qur‟an gave the morality demandso, the people can live aside in peacelyand

make friend with others even they have different ethnic, religion, and racisme. It has

been partat all the spirit of universally of Al-Qur‟an asblessing for all people (rahmatan

lil’alamin) [3][4]. While economic justicesuch as have seen, contain the understanding

that al-Qur‟an really stress to the (egalitarianism) of human life and avoid all the social

imbalance that has originated from economic imbalance, such as exploitation,

keserakahan, wealth concentrationtosmall number of people and others [5].

Islam becomes economic as the strutureto reach the great purpose, to fulfill the

welfareso we can fell more khusyu’in doing the worship to Allah SWT [6]. The

understanding is, Islam stressed that economic is not the last purpose, but only as

khadim (supported purpose) for principles valuesuch as aqidah Islamiyah (islamic

creed), worship and good behavior (akhlaqul karimah). In nash (QS.Quraisy: 4) this

purpose has been stated by Allah SWT as mentioned in his firman,”Who has given the

meaning for them to eliminate the hungre and make save them from the scary”.The

meaning od this article according to Qardhawi was created the commitment of strong

brothershipbetween servant of Allah one and another, and this is the economic goals /

objective that want to be reached by Islam.

Economic imbalance between human was not only natural but also gift to clean the

human soul and private development. They who have a little of the life necessity tools

should need to learn to be patient and not envy or jealouse; likewise, they who have

abundant wealthshould learn to thank to Allah, behave well and humble to the poorand

also sacrify their wealth in Allah path. Nevertheless, Islam didn’t make diffrence between

ownership of wealth of human less thanthe richman lives is easy and glorious because

they can control most of community wealth while majority of other people that only

authorize community wealth in a small number and live in poverty, destitution, and

hunger. According to Islam, The difference of wealth may not more over than the limit

occured and reasonable, because if it is happened so, it’s mean that community has invited

fury of Allah and at the end they will find natural destruction by themselves [7].

Because of that, Islam didn’t allow the difference between the poor and the rich

grow until reach the impossible limit to be controlled and it will disturb the community

peace. At once it doesn’t admitthere is a full even distribution in selection of economic

infrstrucure ownership pemilikan, Islam support social and economic justice fully.

Islam require distribution of income and wealth fairly and even and guaranty that Islam

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country adequatebasic need for all community. There are many rule of economy or law

that was made to bridge the gap between poor and rich people, and to a welfare state in

Islam that guaranteesocial security and guaranteeadequated the basic need for each of

citizen [8].

2 Theortical Fundamental

Economic of Islam is the way or path that was choosen by moslem to be run in the term

of reaching the life of economic and in solving the problem in a way with the concept

of justice. According to Duski Ibrahim (Professorand Dean of Syariah Faculty in IAIN

Raden Fatah), Islamic Economic stressed on the justice, so, it taught the priority concept

in facing the monetary impact compare with conventional system. One of important

solution that should be given intention by goverment in running the economic is the

application of syariah economic, because has own strong comitment for poverty

pulling out, justice reinforcement, even distribution, economic growth, elimination of

riba, andprohibition of currency speculation.So, it can create economic stabilization.

Islamic Economic System that was representated by Syariah Banking has shown the

integrity to be stand on because using the profit sharing system as well as in

conventionsl bank that has main purpose to get the benefit.

Furthermore, according to Agustianto, Concept of economic growth in Islam is

different with Capitalism economic growth system that always using Indicator of PDB

(Production, Dosmetic, Brutto) and percapita. In Islam, The growth should in line

witheven distribution. The purpose of economic activity, is not to increase the growth

as mentined in Capitalism economic growth system. The purpose of Islamic Economic

is better to prioritize even distribution poverty and unemployment, because of that

Islam stressed the balance between the growth and even distribution. The growth

doesn’t become the main objective, except it will be followed by even distribution. In

Islam concept, the growth and even distributionis both of side from an entity, because

both of them are not separated. Based on this effect, so, the paradigm of tricle down

effect, that was developed and applied in Indonesia duringnew era reign, and it was

incontradictedwith justice concept according to Islam.

In realtion with economic system, M. Umer Chapra has three point of viewand there

are three basic principles in Islam these are Tauhid, Khilafah and ‘Adl (justice) as

sequence that form Islamic Worldviewbut alsomaqasidand strategic. Tauhid become

the main fundamental for each moslem in running each of their activity. This Prinsip is

reflected that the adminitrator and the single ownerof the world is Allah SWT the

almighty god.

Tauhid Principle, then become a basic for all aspect and thinking in Islamic life that

are Khilafah and al ‘Adl. Principle of Khilafah represented that human is the khalifah

or vise of Allah in the world by giving a potential and spiritualand mentalityalso

completeness of sources of material that could be used for life in term of speads the

mission of life. Mission of human as khalifah, they have freedom of thinking, choose,

change the condition of life accroding to what they want. Khalifah concepthas many

implication these are (universal brotherhood), resources as a trust, humble life styleand

human freedom.

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495

According to Umer Chapra, the principle of al ‘adlis the concept that couldn’t be

separated from both concept before that is Tauhid and Khilafah, Because this principle

is integrated with maqasid al-syari’ah (the purpose of syariah). The consequency of

Khilafah and al ‘Adl principlesdemanded that all sources that was amanah from God

should be used to reflect the maqasid al-syari’ah, four of them areneed fullfilment,

respectable source of earning, equitable distribution of income and wealth dan growth

and stability.

Principle and economic Philosophysuch as Justice (al-adl), (hardworking),

(cooperation), (moderation) and (honesty) are the basic principlesthat was developed

Islam economic, while in conventional economic this principles don’t become focus

discussion, but only as the completion from the system that has been built by them.

Related with justice, A Figure of Islamic Economic Ibn Khaldun has stresses that justice

is the spine (back bone) and the strong principle in economic. If justice couldn’t be

implemented, so a country will be destroyed and disappeared.[9]

According to Baqir as-Sadr, “Islamic economic is not a knowledge (‘ilm) but also

a perfect (mazhab). In the other word, Islamic economic was not designed to explain

economic event occured, but to show the step that should be followed. This is

principally based on the justice idea with essential that related with ethic appreciation

problem. This is also the end of subordination to one of totality that related to the

religion [10] Rven though it was easy to criticize, The thinking of Baqir as-Sadr is

really reasonable enoughto get serous attention. Even though he criticizes about

capitalist and sicialize, his creation include the element that show Islam doesn’t

contradicted with modern economic [11].

3 Discussion

3.1 Justice Concept in Al-Quran

In important terms related to morlity has been explained in al-Qur‟an is justice. It has

been seen from many wordof “adl”(justice) and the same meaning words that areal-

qist, al-wazn, al-wast that was mentioned too in al-Qur‟an. Beside that word expecitly

mentioned the word of al-adl, actually in the beggining of article mentionaed, idea and

thingking about justuce has come at the same time.1 and it wasn’t only about the

command to do all the work fairly but also it has been seen from the al-Qur‟an

prohibition not to do “zalim”. Not live in redundant or living in luxuryif Fazlur Rahman

and IslamicIntelligent contemporary said that, Basic message from al-Qur‟an is

stressed to justice and the form has been seen in social and economic justice [12].

In al-Qur‟an the terms of al-adl with all it derivation has mentioned 30 times [13].

The main meaning from this words has ooposite meaning (mutaqabilain), first the

meaning of istiwa‟ (straight) and second meaning of i‟wijaj (bent).

Beside the word word of “adl”(justice) and the same meaning words that areal-

qistin all form and called 23 times. The word has been arrenged in letter of q-s-t has

two different meaning (mutadaddidain). If it was readal-qist, so, it has meaning aladl,

while if it was read al-qast, so the maning was al-jurr, andal-qusut means aludud an

al-haq (turn away from the right) and al-qasat means i‟wijaj (bent) [14] beside the

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word, al-wazn with all derivations in 23 times [15] the main meaning ista‟dil and

istiqomah (moderateand straight). While the word ofal-wast mentioned in Al-Qur‟an

for 5 times that means al-adl andal-nisf, middle or centre) [16] (To understand the

concept in al-Qur‟an doesn’t integrate if search the meaningonly was done at the main

theme and the sme meaning only. And it need to look up the opposite meaning of the

word itselves.

So, now we know the contra of adl become a must. In al-Qur‟an the word of adl

always faced with zalmword [17]. When Allah commanded us to make and work in

Justice, frequently at the same time Allah prohibit us to do“zalim”. The word of al-zulm

has meaning to put some thing in the right place, as well as in away to increase or

decrease or derivate from the time and places [18]. And through the tafsir maudhu’i

approach or (thematic) learing found that justice concept in al-Qur‟an has a meaning

to complete. The meaning of justiceis revolved at the balance meaning or balance

condition or not extreem, the similarity of there was no criminalization in anything, and

the right fulfilment to anyone wo should get the right or placement some thing to the

right place [19].

Justice in al-Qur‟an, the word“adil” or fair mentined more than one thousands, after

word “Allah” and knowledge, justice value is very important in economic, social and

politic lifes. Therefore the justice should be apllied in economic lifes such as

distribution, production, consumptionprocess anf many more. Justice should be formed

in allocating a number of result of economic activity for all people who didn’t able to

come into the market through zakat, infak and hibah. In Al-Quran mentioned that

justice is the universal obejective that want to be reached in perfect balace. The other

understanding also mentioned by al-Farabi that justice is same like balance,

epistemologi tauhid stressed thatjustice is Allah Attributes:

... this attribute along with the other ones, namely of purpose, centainty,

wellbeing and creative reorgination, constitute the essensial attributes of the

knowledge derivation process from the stock of knowledge (IBF-net: 2004).

Firman Allah related with justice has mentioned in An – Nahl article 90:

Meaning: “Truly, Allah asked (you) to du justice and do the good deeds, give to you

friend, and Allah prohibit you from the worst thing, denial and hostility. He

gave teaching to you so that you can get the learning” (Q. S. an-Nahl: 90).

3.2 Concept of Justice in Islamic Economic

Justice literally mean as giving/providing what become to thier, as well as the owner as

individuallyor groupor something, has value of anything without redeucing or adding.

Without doing the over of ownesrship, at least in corridor or premis concept, Islam

taught us about the justice far away before Conventional place the principles of justice

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in economic. Islam has owned the principles of strong laws in justice and balance

between right and obligation, between soul and body and between world and herefater.

The form of justice in economic at least not related with four aspect, Justice in

exchange, Distributive justice, social justice sosial, and law of justice. Justice in

exchanging is a good deeds of human behaviouralways give the best to the other,

something that become the right for the others, or somethingthat should be accepted by

others.

Distributive justice is good indeed for community behaviorand authority to share

all the joy and burden together, by evenly distribution and characteristic of adjustment

or harmony and level of different of Body and soul. Production result won’t allowed if

it was distributed at one of two area only can be neglected but also should be overally,

because other also need the same thing.

Social justice is the good deed from human behaviourin relationship with

community, always giving and doing to implement all the thing that show the prosperity

and welfare togetheras the last step from community or state. Justice in Law is the good

deedsthat managed relationship between the member and it unit together with the

function and position to reach the welfare of age [20].

While the basic fundamentals that contain in economic system as the implication

from economic philosophy as implication on tauhid economic philosophy in Islamas

follow: first, basic value of ownershipin Islam economic. Second Balance basic value

that has impact which has been seen the influence to each aspect of moslem behaviour

economic to all aspect of behavior of moslem economic and third is justice. Justice

mean the conditional freedom Iskamic behaviour. Freedom is not limited and it will

cause imbalance between production growth with the specific right for small groups to

collect abundant wealth (look at QS 57:20) and sharpen the conflictbetween the rich

and poor, and at the end it will destroy the social arrangement (QS 104:1-3).Justice

should be applied fro all phase of economic. Justice in production and consuption is the

aranggement of efficeiency and to eliminate the royal or wasting. is a crueland

suppression if some one allow to make some thing to their property but overlimited

stated and even let them to take other people right (QS 4:160-161, 26:182183, 2:188).

Justice in distribution is the right scooring to the production factors and price policy,

the result according to the resonable measurement (QS 15:19, 20:6, 25:2, 87:1-3).

Justice mean Policy to allocate a number of result from economic activity fro them who

don’t able to come into the market or not able to buy them according to the market

price, the policy through the zakat, infak, sedekah (See QS 2:110,271,280, 4:8, 9:60,

24:33, 27:26-27, 47:38, 57:7, 60:8, 70:24-25) [21].

In Al-Quran meaning the fairgoverment is the goverment really suggested and

should be applied in all aspect of life. Moreover, nash Al-Quran (QS.49:9, 60:8, 5:42,

89:20) explain how important the social justice not only include the justice in Share the

individual wealth/property also the property of the state.

According to Mubyarto (1990:21), the justice in economic is the the play role about

economic relationship that based on the ethic principlesthe principles has sources to the

law of Islam, the law of God or caharacteristic of human social [22]. Because of that,

economic justice at principle is the logical consequences from islam brotherhood. By

the economic justice each individual will get the right according to the contribution was

given. Each of individual should be free from other people exploitation.

Islam become economic as structure to reach the greates objectives that is to fulfill

the feeling more khusyu’in doing worship to Allah SWT.[23] In this understanding,

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Islam islam stressed that economic was not the end goals, but iwas only as khadim

(supported objectives) for basic values such as aqidah Islamiyah (islamic creed),

worship and good behaviour “akhlaqul karimah”.In nash of Al –quran (QS.Quraisy:

article 4) this objectives has stated by Allah SWT as mentioned in firman of Allah,

”who has given us food to them to eliminate the hunger and keep careof them

fromscary”. The meaning from this surah according to Qardhawi is created the strong

bortherhood between servant of Allah one and another, and this is actually the economic

purpose that want to be reached in Islam.

InAl-Quran mentioned that Justice is a universal objectives that need to bereached

in perfect balance (perfect equilibrium). Thus understanding explained by al-Farabi that

stted the justice was same with balance. Deeply from both definition before,

epistemology of tauhid stressed that justice is the attributes of Allah [24].

.......this attribute along with the other ones, namely of purpose, certainty, well-

being and creative reorigination, constitute the essential attributes of the

knowledge derivation process from the stock of knowledge.

In this understanding, justice concept devided into two part that is first primordial

justiceThat is the essential of the balance and god. Consept of justice becomes the

attributes of Allah SWT, this is become the aksioma function in dalam epistemology

tauhid (oneness), but it wasn’t configurated into, but only as the form of

topologysupercardinalfromstock of knowledge, So, the justice of primordial is the part

of topologysupercardinal tauhid (oneness).

Principle of Tauhid then become fundamental for all spect of thinking in Islam that is

Khilafah and al „Adl. Principle of Khilafah represented that man is the khalifah or vice of

Allah in the world by providing the potential, spiritual and mentality also completeness

of material resources could be used for life in spreading mission of life. Human delegation

mission has a freedom in thinking, selecting and, change the condition of life according

to what they want. Consept of Khalifah has some implications (universal brotherhood),

(resources as a trust), (humble life style) (human freedom).

Principle and economic philosophy such as justice (al-adl), (hardworking),

(cooperation), (moderation) and (honesty) are the basic principles has been developed

in Islam, While in Conventional economic these principles is not a focus of learning,

but only as the complete from the system that has been built by them. Related

withjustice,A Figure of Islamic Economic Ibn Khaldun has stresses that justice is the

spine (back bone) and the strong principle in economic. If justice couldn’t be

implemented, so a country will be destroyed and disappeared [25].

More over the insiliraity of income is possible in Islam becsue contribution is

differen in every distribution [26].

According to Ziauddin Ahmad Concept of economic justice is one of the basic right

of economicthat each of individual should have ooportunity to develop ability in choose

the proffesiion as their talent [27].

Related with the issue was discussed above, tere are threeform of human behaviour

to raise the economic justice:

1. Greedy of Human

Human has greedy character, never feel enough to what do they have. Their wish also

about how to keep their wealth in abundantly, and it has implication of eenvy

caharacteristic, don’t care with others and only think about themselves.

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499

2. Using the Property without Calculation

Human tend to use the property as they like. In surah Hud article 87, Allah Swt

bann/prohibit us to usethe property as we like because of that can raise the social ency

in community. The using of that property thatshould be vonsider the justice and and not

destroy the general justice. Islam really hate the behaviour of wastefull “mubazir

andisraf (abundantly) in cosumeing the wealth and property (QS. 7 : 31). Fulfilment of

life necessity should be done in moderate sequence of life while it should be include

the happiness, couldnt do wastefull and luxuriously.[28]

3. Keep the Wealth in Abundantly

Human has characteristic that really like to keep the wealth so the property or wealth

couldn’t run for all level. Al-Qur‟an prohibit us to concentrate to our propertyand to

most of the people can cause price unstability. In Al-quran surah al-surat 59 : article 7,

Allah SWT said that, The wealth and property should be run well and not only placed

in a group of people. Prohibition was mentioned in Al-Qur‟an should be understood

well to place the wealth/property in appropriate and used and ake benefit of it.

The word of social justice is the new word The first time heard in political debatin

the beggining of 19th century. The sentence was used by politician John Stuart Mill,

and the issue about the social justice start to spread out. Socail justice has the

meaningthat all the pattern of distribution in a community should be made in line with

justice principles.

Second conception required that so the goods will be allocated well according to the

need each of people in many kind. This is closely related with idea of even distribution

or similarity, because a program can be successfully satify the need will make the

people feel same in material [29].

4 Principle of Islamic Justice in a Country to Form a Development

of Economic

In Islamic approach has four dimension that were fulfill the market mechanism by

morality filterization,to motivate individual to particptae the social importance,

restructurization of socio-economic, and positif role of the goverment should be able

to prove that goverment more effective in guarantee the welfare of all community

members more than capitalist or socialist approach has single dimension and only

focused on the private importance and the market strength only rely on collectivity and

central planning. Different with this case, Generally goverment in Moslem country is

poorer, but has secularity views inside (and not outside), In line with conventional

policies that lent from culture of western secularity that placed dominant position at this

moment. Because of that they able to formulated a economic development in justice.

But it has stated that at this moment to do kind of things above, need the guaranty

that the policy adopted should be fulfilled two criteria.First citeria, Actions of policy it

self should be able to do a great contribution to realize the syari’at objectives

(maqashid) without blamming syariat, and secondly that action didn’t directed to the

increasing the claim to the resources. Send criteria should be fulfilled by optimalization

of work scheeming. A strategy that seen how to increase the resources for

specificpurposes without reduce the availability of other purposes only will be directed

us to the failure and imbalance. Netrality value should be thrown. Policies should be

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tested through the Values of islam filterization. The test for this action will stated the

goverment hand to do these policies generally, speacially for the policies doesn’t fulfill

the criteria of optimalization of Pareto.

There are five policies action that was proposed for developement that was folowed

by justice and stability. They are:

1. Giving the confortability to the human factor,

2. Reducing the wealth consentration,

3. Doing economic restructurization,

4. Doing finance restructurization, and

5. Strategic policy planning [30].

Between these policies action maight be it’s very familiar for us who are always

discuss about the development literature. but, the most important is morality injection

into developement parameters material. Without morality integration and material,

maybe it will be impossible to make efficiency and couldnt be creted without efficiency

or even distribution such as mentioned above.

4.1 Giving the Convinient to the Human Factor

The human is life element main aspect from development program. They are the reason

at once as the development targets, and if they won’t be prepared appropriately togive

positive contribution to the development, and their importance isn’t protected in the

limits of social welfare, it was impossible to be succeed to actualize the main objectives

of Islam. Because of that, the most challenging task in front of moslem country is

motivate the human factor to do whatever they need to do for development importance.

Individual should give what is the best by hard working and efficientaccertained with

integrity, honesty, and disciplineand (if needed) to sacrificeto solve the restrictions in

development it selves. They also should be able to change the consuption, create the

saving behaviour, and do investment according to what they need to increase the growth

and bigger evenly ditribution less imbalance [31].

Actually there are two line between the morality anf social economic justice. One

thing that may be impossible if we realized without the progress with other thing. In

Moslem country where the comminity moral strength was restricted by social economic

injustice and this is not realistic, to increase the morality awareness through the speech

and Friday Speech (khotbah); it also to reduce imbalance and strengthen the justice

[32].

1) Socioeconomic Justice

Material has become not really reasonable so, most of majority of people couldn’t

accept the adequate wage for their labour work, creativity and contribution that was

given to the output. Because of that, They become pesimist, while their initiative,

support (spirit), and efficiency decrease worse. There are two main factor that has

responsibility in this problem. first, less of realistic in legal policies and second wealth

concentration and authorityjust in part of people, as well as in village or in the city. Less

of realistic of those policies has caused distorsion at the main price and not aware it will

decrease the income of farmer, the company with the micro scale, and the labour, also

reduce the their demand about the need and create misallocation of sources to the

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fulfilment of need. Wealth concentration and authority also occured and caused by most

of legal policy and most of the others are because the economic system that is exploited

and has become in a century, it has restricted the competition and create a condusive

climate for disaster in poor community in the town or in a village. All this thing reducted

their availability and also ability to do the best [33].

Islamic values demended that the employer treat the labour as their family member.

The demand has meaning that the labour should be treated in honor and love, and also

to guarantee their welfare. Labour real wage in Islamic community, Ideally at least at

the level that can make them can fulfill them and their family main necessityadequately

[34].

A big role has been played by exploitation that happened because there is a

confuguration of worst strength including the inapropriate legal policies,wealth

concentration an authority/management, and also less of training and financing

facilities for the worker. If these exploitation strength is not weakensharply, and it was

impossble for the worker and ask them to work honeslty and efficient [35].

And also for the exchange of currency that wasn’t realistic and also the price control

that not need to make loss of producent and export, while the highest protection tarif

will make lost the costumers these actions will restrict the obligator to use the health

policyto stress the inflation, enlarge the supply of good and services fulfilment of main

necessity and enlarge,the work filed and income [36].

2) Morality Transformation

Islam truly has big potential to createthe quality that required to be injected into the

community behaviour and make them possible to identifying the social importance

rahter than their private importance. It is not only to demand this characteristic to the

belivers or adherent to religionbut also has the charisma that required to give inspiration

and change them [37].

Here will be raise the worries about the cost and time sequence in morality

trsnformation. And as we know that actually the implementation has been found in

mosques (always there even just a small place in remore area as well), Education

institutions, mass media, Social reformation institution [38].

4.2 Reducing the Wealth Concentration

The most serious obstacle for in justice evelopment was concentration of ownership the

productions sources in moslem country, and it was same looks like make a market loss.

Islam in this case has difference strategy with the socialism stategy in term of

eliminated injusticeof capitalism if distribution, it has decreased the human dignity in

case of permanent wage paymentand also kill the initiative and individual spirit to do

the effort by collecting all production facility and decision making centralization.

4.3 Economic Restructurisation

Resources reallocation that needed to do theeven distribution development will not run

well, Such has been explained before, Without re designed of economic that include all

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aspect of economic, include private consumption, government finance, formation of

capital and production [39].

5 Financial Restructurisation

The people become poor is not beceuse the don’t do the hard work or not willing to

work hard or less skill but they dont have access to the financial enough access to have

a bussiness and a good working wage wasn’t optimum or full wage that has been

accepted was not enough more over to save for investment. Bussiness financial is the

economic weapon, Strong sosial and politichas important role in certained the basic

strength, sosial statusand economic condition for all people in modern world.[40]

6 Strategig Policy Planning

Strategic Policy Planning can make a is state able to take a realistic calculation about

all phisically and human resource provided, and also to develop a group of prioritize

has been stated maturely. The planning should states structural changing in economic

to fulfill the intention, decrease the jobless and increase the economic development

without create macro and eksternal.

Stressing Filterization mechanism in Islam is very clear and couldn’t be offered, in

this case will help to define the economic purpose accoring to priority scaleand define

the way to reach it. The stressing in Islamic values about consumption, saving,

investment, work ethictand make smarteducation program to push in reaching it.To

unity the strategicpolicy is the fact that all policy will be reoriented to reach the purpose

of social and economic of syari’ah (maqashid) [41].

Islamic Protection was supported by Maqasid, that was called education and

justiceand kept in its practical coldn’t get without financial support. Protection of

human life should be supported by production from “economic need” important for life.

Production also need to be supported by education and law of justice but it was

depended to the health, human resources and finance.

There are many factors take responsibility to serious problem/phenomenon. The

important factors is economic dependancy that over to non muslem world, Politic

pressure from the western economic strength, Globalization from finance market (was

arranged in interest system (Riba), secularism, and spread the west education and

culture [42].

In Islam, The country or state role teach to lead a group of communitythat made the

arranged effort to realized Islam ideally. Umar stressed that a community should be

lead by a leader “imam” without obedience (al Qurtubi n.d). An Islam country/state

need to use it’s influence to strengthen the social and culture environment to a level of

shari’ah has been applied.

Moslem economic expert has stated many function to an Islam state. Between of

them the most is social justice and do the good thing and go far away from the

prohibition. Such as delivery (righ to owner ship) based on the fact ideal social justice

thathas a message of the truly Islam. That based on to the Allah oneness and teach them

about unity of human being.

Justice, Countryand Economic Development: Perspective of Islamic Economic

503

Meaning: “O people, Verily We created you from a man and a woman and become

you asin nations and ethnics so, you will know each other. Actuallythe most

honour person is between of you beside Allah is the most devout person

between of you. Actually Allah is known and also know all” (QS. Al-

Hujurat: 13)

For Islamic Economic, Devoutingto Allah is guatranteed as the gift has certained to

facilitate the world life and invite the moslem to thank to Allah SWT.devoutis the sighn

of happiness to Allah as the purpose and believes. In the other word, His Blessingfor all

ummatthat possible not to show happiness. From them who has given most of what has

been planned. One of the real reasonis they are given more things so they can get better

way of life and have enough in financial to support their life. More over, they will relate

blessing from Allah with the effort from themselves. As the result of this mistake, they

will be drown further to unbelivable thing. In the end of analysing is doubt of

devoutingto Allah will bring them pain and destroyfor the people who don’t believe to

Allah Swt. The value of devoutingbecome a must for community that is the main from

a country so it was developed a fair and welfare economic development [43].

In increasing the justice values in a state need to demandhuman development as the

intention and the end of development, but also get the lesson from the experinced

country and withdraw some successful history of countries from their strategic. It will

support to help us to understand the main accessto the quality of education in line with

the soft aspect.

In this approach, Human development concept to combine some cases and it is

include into 4 components:

1. Productivity: Community should be able to increasetheir productivity to take a

role and participated fully in income incresing process and renumeration of

labour. Such as., economic developement is a subject from the human

development

2. Balance: Community should has balance access to the same opportunity. All

these challlenges to the economic and political opportunity should be eliminated

so the people will be followed in and gtting the benefit from this opportunity;

3. Conitunity: Access to the chance to the opportunity should be ensured not only

for generation at this moment but also for the next generation:

4. Empowerment: Development should be done by community, not only them but

also others.

The example., the people should participated fully in making decision and process

their life.

The main Implication in adopting the human development approachincluded:

First, The most important policy from the most income and as the reasonable result,

Growth income percapita, but that factor could not become a dominant criteria to

decide how the income of the community for example, An increasing income is

important but not only as the last valuable objectives. human development approach,

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Becaus of that, develop a sequence of evaluation question to clculate the impact of

development policy.

Second, focus on human life and the purpose from the development result in this

articulation from each difference policythat pay attention the root from developmentand

community welfare. That was, excercise of all the policy formulation becomes one of

that could be only to be ensured the growth,but alsoincrease the human growth.

Third, it is able to related between each investment in community that

wasexploitedfully, to the large component from public expenditure program and

couldn’t be observed inseparation, and known as balancingcommunity investment and

physicall asset, and also investment decision should be guided by highest returning to

the national portofolio asset nasional. fourth, Human development was motivated by

freedom, welfareandindividual dignityin community,the case wasn’t conventionally

related with policy formulation centre.

Development concept is really often passfrom their idea translation in selection of

growth and policy of economic macro.13 Culture Dimention from comperehnsive

human development still not grow well enough, specially at measurement level [44].

7 Conclusion

Islam is not only want to chenge the life point of view individually, but also the

community and institution that want to influence the some one behaviour. Even though

Islam appreciate the freedon, it doesnt mean that unlimited freedom. Islam doesn’t

tolerate the damage freedom on weaken the society value or freedom that make

dangerous for other people. Likewise, the state/country should play an important role,

an educated role, The role to create a strong fundamental for Islamic values

implementation to denial.Islamic community was not a “police state”, but wasn’t also

a laissez faire sate.

Islam stressed the justice teachings about the social justice for all people by using

the social economic system that fulfill all the need for people according to theirgod’s

will as khalifatullah (the leader) in this world. And it demanded to be income

distribution evenly and support the values of life that according to the purpose. If

socially all the individual has the same position, so, each of consumption pattern that

mirrored the arrogance and enlarge the gap between the high and low, of course it

wouldn’t be able to accepted. All the provided resources, including bank deposit, is the

amanah from Allah and must be taken the benefit to fulfil the human need overally, the

rich or poor. There is no place for consumption tendency that only spend abundanly the

resource or to fulfill the need unlimited.

Discipline should be applied by Islam teaching will push even distribuion data

substansiallycould reduce public loan and private sector that not only for important of

prestidge and abundant. Thus monetary expansion could be enhancedin reasonable

limit. The Better balance between available and using it,and more ever, not only

toenhanced inflation level in reasonable reason dalam batas-batas wajar but also at once

put the stronger fundamental for stage growth but it was sure and reduce unemployment

and also pust the welfare increasing [45].

The diminishing of abolition of interest was the source of injustice between fund

provider andbussinessman. Overall result of bussiness will be divided evenly to both of

Justice, Countryand Economic Development: Perspective of Islamic Economic

505

them fairly. The fund provider should not take responsibility for returning of burden

that was stated before. It can push of injustice situation raising and it means that maybe

will be come during the stagflation time, that is when many big effort experiences the

loss or become bangkrupt because resesion and high level of interest while the bank

benefit and fund provider will be higher increasingly.

The growth level of moneybiddingis difficult to reach except if the goverment has

commitment to Islmic purpose, it doesn’t take contardictory steps. All the goverment

policy should be directed to reach these objectives. Monopolyandoligopoly

practicesalsostrict structural should be eliminated or at least to bedecreased. The

govemrment officers don’t allowed to be weak about their. duty and responsibility to

create the welfare of ummat because, as Nabi Saw said that: “Barang siapa apa is

believed by community and didn't do that sincerely and won’t get the heaven, even the

smell at once.”

If the Islamic system only help to actualize the justice in social and economy by

minimalizing the wealth so it couldn’t allowed it’s also decrease the imbalance the

income and welfare and its still begiven a comment on it.but, It seems the islamic

system can run better if we compare with other plannings, including natural resource

allocation, saving andcapital forming, economic efficiency and growing, and also

stability. The system can help to decrease monetary expansion also the inflation

stressing in a way of helping to get the better balance between money biddingand its

using. Islamic system, need to be applied sincerely and sungguh – sungguh in Islamic

community [46].

In accordance with (justice), A Figure of Islamic EconomicIbn Khaldun has stresses

that justice is the spine (back bone) and the strong principle in economic. If justice

couldn’t be implemented, so a country will be destroyed and disappeared. The country

has a big responsibility in intended Justice of Economic Development. This is claimed

so that the community has the same opportunity to get feasibility of life, even though

in every community has differentiated by potential, skill and intellectual level, and also

economic life that owned. In Justice of Islamic Economic demanded is a country

together with the society that able to integrate in synergic to arranged whole aspect of

life become to integrate sequence of unity.

The justice in economic principally is lied on the source how to use the wealth or

propertythat may not be owned only by a group of people (the rich people), because it

will raise the social gapsand at the end it will become into the poverty. It’s become a

community sickness in a state, so the economic development won’t run fluently. Beside

that, the justice in Islamic economic perspective should be based on faith and devout

feeling to Allah swt as the owner of the wo`121Q`1rld and also has morality values

should be put on the tophighlyas the figure of the best human being (ihsan) become to

the main capital from a good country.

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