regarding evaluation metrics (precision, recall, and
F1), and also for dataset understanding and further
exploration. The contributions include: i) a compara-
tive evaluation of four QALD tools and DQA with a
dataset extracted from the QALD7 benchmark, ii) an
investigation into the differences and potential com-
plementary aspects of the two approaches, and iii) the
proposition of integration scenarios for QALD and
DQA.
In future work we plan to study the integration of
DQA and QALD, especially the aspect of automat-
ically creating an initial diagram from a user query,
in order to leverage the discussed potentials. We en-
vision an integrated tool, that uses QALD as basic
method to find an answer to a question quickly, but
also allows to explore the knowledge graph visually
to raise answer quality and support exploration with
all its discussed benefits.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was supported by the Government of
the Russian Federation (Grant 074-U01) through the
ITMO Fellowship and Professorship Program.
REFERENCES
Berant, J., Chou, A., Frostig, R., and Liang, P. (2013).
Semantic parsing on freebase from question-answer
pairs. In Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on
Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing,
pages 1533–1544.
Bordes, A., Usunier, N., Chopra, S., and Weston, J. (2015).
Large-scale simple question answering with memory
networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.02075.
Cabrio, E., Sachidananda, V., and Troncy, R. (2014). Boost-
ing qakis with multimedia answer visualization. In
Presutti, V. e. a., editor, ESWC 2014, pages 298–303.
Springer.
Diefenbach, D., Both, A., Singh, K., and Maret, P. (2018).
Towards a question answering system over the seman-
tic web.
Dud
´
a
ˇ
s, M., Lohmann, S., Sv
´
atek, V., and Pavlov, D. (2018).
Ontology visualization methods and tools: a survey
of the state of the art. The Knowledge Engineering
Review, 33.
Eppler, M. J. and Burkhard, R. A. (2007). Visual repre-
sentations in knowledge management: framework and
cases. Journal of knowledge management, 11(4):112–
122.
Idreos, S., Papaemmanouil, O., and Chaudhuri, S. (2015).
Overview of data exploration techniques. In Proceed-
ings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference
on Management of Data, pages 277–281, Melbourne,
Australia.
Kaufmann, E. and Bernstein, A. (2007). How useful are
natural language interfaces to the semantic web for ca-
sual end-users? In The Semantic Web, pages 281–294.
Springer.
L
´
opez, V., Unger, C., Cimiano, P., and Motta, E. (2013).
Evaluating question answering over linked data. J.
Web Sem., 21:3–13.
Moldovan, D., Harabagiu, S., Pasca, M., Mihalcea, R.,
Girju, R., Goodrum, R., and Rus, V. (2000). The struc-
ture and performance of an open-domain question an-
swering system. In Proceedings of the 38th annual
meeting on association for computational linguistics,
pages 563–570. Association for Computational Lin-
guistics.
Mouromtsev, D., Wohlgenannt, G., Haase, P., , Pavlov,
D., Emelyanov, Y., and Morozov, A. (2018). A di-
agrammatic approach for visual question answering
over knowledge graphs. In ESWC (Posters and Demos
Track), volume 11155 of CEUR-WS, pages 34–39.
Pellissier Tanon, T., Dias De Assuncao, M., Caron, E., and
Suchanek, F. M. (2018). Demoing Platypus – A Mul-
tilingual QA Platform for Wikidata. In ESWC.
Riloff, E. and Thelen, M. (2000). A rule-based ques-
tion answering system for reading comprehension
tests. In Proceedings of the 2000 ANLP/NAACL Work-
shop on Reading comprehension tests as evaluation
for computer-based language understanding sytems-
Volume 6, pages 13–19. Association for Computa-
tional Linguistics.
Wohlgenannt, G., Klimov, N., Mouromtsev, D.,
Razdyakonov, D., Pavlov, D., and Emelyanov,
Y. (2017). Using word embeddings for visual
data exploration with ontodia and wikidata. In
BLINK/NLIWoD3@ISWC, ISWC, volume 1932.
CEUR-WS.org.
Zou, L., Huang, R., Wang, H., Yu, J. X., He, W., and Zhao,
D. (2014). Natural language question answering over
rdf: A graph data driven approach. In Proc. of the
2014 ACM SIGMOD Conf. on Management of Data,
SIGMOD ’14, pages 313–324. ACM.
KEOD 2019 - 11th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Ontology Development
478