Analysis and Web based Automation Student Attendance Model
using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) at Private Vocational
High School in Jakarta
Reva Ragam Santika, Ari Saputro, Safitri Juanita, Wiwin Windihastuty
Universitas Budi Luhur
Keywords: Student Attendances, RFID, Vocational High School
Abstract: The Objective of this research is to build a web-based attendance system using Radio FrequencyIdentification
(RFID). Student identification cards fitted with RFID chips will be utilized to replace the
manual attendance system at a private vocational high school. The benefits of this system are many and
include the following: (1) A reduction in the need to print paper time-sheets along with the resultant time and
cost this process requires. (2)Negating the need for collection and collation of time-sheets along with the time
and and costs this incurs, as well as the costs for any subsequent storage of such sheets (3) Reduce human
errors in filling out of time-sheets as as well as errors which may occur during collation or, in communication
associated from any absenteeism. (4) To provide valuable data and information resource which can be quickly
and easily accessed by staff. (5) To provide a real-time information resource to parents about the presence, or
not, of their children in school. (6) To minimize fraud and to additionally train students to be honest in
recording their presence in class. (7) To provide important real-time information to any relevant authority on
the exact numbers and identities of the students in the school in the event of any emergency situation. The
Development method used in this study is the Waterfall Software Development Life Cycle system and also
uses three stages of Analysis which consists of the stages of analyzing system weaknesses, analyzing system
requirements, and analyzing information needs. The Result of this study showed that the system could store
50 cards data of attendance and operate 8 hours non-stop with a distance between card and reader of 3 cm,
with the limitation of delay time for about 15 minutes.
1. INTRODUCTION
Attendance systems using RFID technology has been
widely used in many companies for employee
attendance purposes, there is various software that
can be used to access attendance machines which can
manage attendance transactions according to
company needs. However, the use of RFID
technology has not been fully utilized in the world of
Education, such as supporting the attendance system
needs in the classroom. As we know the student
attendance system in class still uses manual presence
system, which has many disadvantages. Such as the;
the manual presence system is not practical in the
process of recording attendance because it must be
done manually, and there is a possibility of errors in
the recording process caused by human error.
Presence data stored in the computer admin cannot be
updated immediately, because it has to wait for an
officer to record and update the attendance data on the
admin computer. An integrated presence system is
obviously preferential in order to minimize these
errors. Therefore, to overcome the above problems, in
this paper the author designed a software system that
aims to build an automation model for student
attendance systems at one of the vocational schools
using the web and Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID) integrated with the database, this model
involves several parties, namely teachers, students,
and administrative staff, who are tasked with
inputting study schedule data. Teachers and students
have RFID cards that are recognized by attendance
devices to be used when studying in class. So it is
expected that the system built can support the
Santika, R., Saputro, A., Juanita, S. and Windihastuty, W.
Analysis and Web based Automation Student Attendance Model using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) at Private Vocational High School in Jakarta.
DOI: 10.5220/0008929100450052
In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on IT, Communication and Technology for Better Life (ICT4BL 2019), pages 45-52
ISBN: 978-989-758-429-9
Copyright
c
 2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
45

increase in the effectiveness of learning in the
classroom, such as (1) A reduction in the need to print
paper time-sheets along with the resultant time and
cost this process requires. (2)Negating the need for
collection and collation of time-sheets along with the
time and and costs this incurs, as well as the costs for
any subsequent storage of such sheets (3) Reduce
human errors in filling out of time-sheets as as well
as errors which may occur during collation or, in
communication associated from any absenteeism. (4)
To provide valuable data and information resource
which can be quickly and easily accessed by staff. (5)
To provide a real-time information resource to
parents about the presence, or not, of their children in
school. (6) To minimize fraud and to additionally
train students to be honest in recording their presence
in class. (7) To provide important real-time
information to any relevant authority on the exact
numbers and identities of the students in the school in
the event of any emergency situation.
In this study there are few journals that used as
reference sources, there are in the research of RFID-
based Attendance Systems published in Journal
Technic compyer the results of these studies are (1)
the system can only store student attendance data as
many as 45 more ID tags system error will occur. (2)
if the timer is pressed then after 30 minutes the
student does not can do attendance to limit students
who arrive late cannot do absent (1), The other
Journal which used as reference is Attendance
System for college students used Radio Frequency
Identification(RFID) at Electrical Engineering,
universitas Riau and the outcome of the research are
attendance of the Universitas Riau Electrical
Engineering students which are integrated with RFID,
consists of 8 from which have been made using
Visual Basic Express 2010 and to maintain the
database they Created a database using Mysql
2. METHODOLOGY
a. Unified Modelling Language (UML)
UML is a language that has become a standard in the
industry for visualizing, specifying, designing, and
documenting software systems (Booch, G., et al.
2007). UML offers a standard for designing a system
model. Like other languages, UML also has a
notation. UML notation is a set of special forms to
describe various software diagrams. Each form has a
specific meaning and UML explains how these forms
are defined.
a. Building a model for a software system is very
dependent on the construction or ease of
repairing it. A good model is very important to
produce good communication between team
members and to ensure the perfect system
architecture is built.
b. If you want to build a model from a complex
system, it is impossible for us to understand it
as a whole. With the increasing complexity of
the system, visualization and modeling are very
important. UML is created to respond to those
needs.
c. Looking at the historical factors and the drivers
of UML formation, a conclusion can be drawn
regarding the purpose of the establishment of
UML, namely as follows:
a) Describe the conceptual software model of a
textual programming language so that it can be
understood by people who are non-programmers.
b) Build an appropriate, unambiguous, and
complete model that can assist in the stages of
analysis, design, and implementation.
c) Can model several types of programming
languages, and help re-map the model to another
programming language.
d) Assist in software design documentation.
b. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Identification with radio frequency is technology to
identify a person or object by using radio frequency
transmission, especially 125kHz, 13.56Mhz, or 800-
900Mhz. RFID uses radio wave communication to
identify an object or person uniquely. There are
several meanings of RFID, according to (Maryono.
2005), namely:
a. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is an
identification method using a tool called RFID
label or transponder (tag) to store and retrieve
data remotely
b. Label or transponder (tag) is an object that can
be installed or inserted in a product, animal, or
even human being to identify using radio
waves. The RFID label consists of a silicon
microchip and antenna.
c.
RFID System Components
RFID tags can be in the form of stickers, paper, cards,
or plastic of various sizes. In each of these tags, there
is a chip that can store certain amounts of
information. RFID tags function as transponders
(transmitter and responder) that contain data using
frequency. RFID tags consist of three types, namely:
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a) Active Tag has an on-board power supply like
a battery. When the tag wants to transmit data
to the interrogator, the pliers take power from
the battery to transmit the data. Therefore,
active tags can communicate with interrogators
who have little power and can transmit
information in a range farther up to several
kilometers.
b) Semi Passive Tag has an integrated battery and
therefore does not require energy from the
reader field to drive the chip. The distance is
limited because the tag does not have an
integrated transmitter, and still needs to use the
reader field for communication back to the
transmitter.
c) Passive Tag does not have an on-board power
supply. This tag gets the power to transmit data
from signals sent from the interrogator.
Therefore, the size is smaller and cheaper than
the active tag. However, the range of passive
tags is closer than active tags only 4-5 meter.
In addition to tags, the following components are
necessary:
a. RFID Reader Terminal, consisting of an RFID-
reader and antenna that will affect the optimal
identification distance. The RFID terminal will
read or change information stored in the tag via
radiofrequency. RFID terminals are connected
directly to the Computer Host system.
b. Host Computers, computer systems that
regulate the flow of information from items
detected within the RFID system and manage
communication between tags and readers.
Hosts can be all-computer computers or
connected to LAN / Internet networks for
communication with servers.
d. Requirement Analysis Methodology
To identify the problem, we must do the analysis at
performance, information, economy, controlling,
efficiency, and service. This guide known as PIECES
analysis (performance, Information, Economic,
Control, Efficiency, Service) (Alfatta, 2007)
a. Performance
Performance is system capabilities about how
they solve their task with quickly so the target
can be reached immediately. Performance is
measured by the amount of production
(throughput) and time used to adjust the
transfer of work (response Time)
b. Information
Information is essential because, with this
information, the management (marketing) and
users can take the next step. If the information
system capability is excellent, the user will get
accurate, timely and relevant information as
expected.
c. Economy
Utilization of costs used from information
utilization. An increase in economic needs
affects cost control and increased benefits. At
present many companies and management are
starting to implement paperless systems
(minimizing paper use) in the context of
savings. Therefore, judging from the excessive
use of paper materials and the cost of
advertising in print media for publication
media, this system is considered to be less
economical.
d. Control
This analysis used to compare the systems
analyzed based on the timeliness, ease of
access, and accuracy of the data being
processed.
e. Efficiency
Efficiency relates to how the source can be
used optimally. Operations in a company are
said to be efficient or not usually based on
duties and responsibilities in carrying out
activities.
f. Service
Services Improvement to show the various
categories. The selected project is a better
service improvement for management
(marketing), users, and other parts that are a
symbol of the quality of an information system.
e. Rational Unified Process RUP
RUP (Rational Unified Process) is a software
development approach that is repeated (iterative),
focusing on architecture (architecture-centric),
more directed based on case use (use case driven)
(Rosa and Shalahuddin 2011). The 4 working stages
of the RUP are as follows:
a. Inception Phase
This stage is more about how to modeling the
required business processes (business
modeling) and to define the system
requirements that will be created
(requirements)
b. Elaboration Phase
This Stage can detect whether the desired
architecture system can be made or not. Detect
the risks that might occur from the architecture
created. This stage is more about system
Analysis and Web based Automation Student Attendance Model using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) at Private Vocational High
School in Jakarta
47

analysis and design and system implementation
that focuses on system prototypes.
c. Construction Phase
This phase is focused on developing
components and system features. This stage is
more on the implementation and testing of
systems that focus on the implementation of
software in the program code.
d. Transition Phase
This stage is more of a system deployment or
installation so that it can be understood by the
user. Activities at this stage include the user
training, maintenance and testing of the system
whether it meets user expectations.
Figure 1. Design of Needs Analysis
Then summarized as a rationale, as well as linked
to the methodology that will be carried out, so that it
will get a development solution according to needs.
3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Weakness Analysis
To identify, analyze, and solve problems, the authors
propose using the PIECES framework. And the stages
in the PIECES framework are as follows:
a) Performance
The process of recording attendance in the
classroom is done quite a time and effort so that
this system can reduce the effectiveness of
classroom learning activities.
b) Information
1) The attendance system of this manual
school cannot provide an overview of
student attendance because it must wait for
the teacher to recapitulate it first
2) Schools cannot provide parents with real-
time information about the presence of
their children at school
c) Economics
Printing of attendance sheets is quite a lot, per
teacher, per subject
d) Control
1) Manual attendance cannot record student
exclusion per subject.
2) Parents cannot check the presence of their
children in school in real time.
3) Possible errors at the time of attendance
and attendance recapitulation by the
teacher.
e) Efficiency
The process of recording attendance in the
classroom is done quite a time and effort so that
this system can reduce the effectiveness of
classroom learning activities
f) Service
The attendance system for manual students
cannot provide parents with real-time
information about the presence of their children
at school
Figure 2: Framework of thought
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3.2. System Requirement Analysis
1) System Model
To analyze the needs of the author using use case
modeling. The following is a picture of the proposed
system use case diagram:
Figure 3. Use case Requirement Analysis diagram
2) Logic Design
The system design is logically illustrated by the use
of the activity Diagram and database design using the
logical Record structure.
a. Attendance students Activity Transaction
Attendance Activity Diagram
On activity, This diagram describes the interaction
of users with the system when students will do
attendance in class
Figure 4. Activity RFID student attendance diagram
b. Use Case Diagram
1) Administration Use Case Diagram
Figure 5. Administration Use case diagram
Analysis and Web based Automation Student Attendance Model using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) at Private Vocational High
School in Jakarta
49

2) Teacher Use case diagram
Figure 6. Teacher’s Use case diagram
3) Student’s Use Case Diagram
Figure 7. Student’s Use case diagram
c. RFID database Design
In the picture below that describes the database
design for making RFID-based attendance
Figure 8. Design of RFID student absentee database
d. Hardware Requirements
The hardware specifications used are:
a. Processor: Core I3
b. Monitor: 17 "
c. Mouse: Optic
d. RAM: 2GB
e. HD: 250 GB
f. Keyboard: Standard
g. Printers: Deskjet and Laserjet
h. RFID: tag and reader
e. Software requirements
Software
1) Operating System
The operating system used in this study is a
Windows-based operating system, with the
specifications of Windows 7 Ultimate 32
bits.
2) Application software
The application forming program used in
this study is PHP with the Code Igniter
framework.
3) Browser
The browser used is Mozilla Firefox Version
35.0.1
4) Database
The database used in this study is SQLYog.
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3.3 Information Requirement Analysis
1. Internal Requirements Analysis
a. Attedance Form
b. Lesson Data
c. Students Data
2. External Requirements Analysis
a. Overall attendance recap
b. Recap attendance per student in real time
3.4. Interface Design
a. Interface Structure
Figure 9. Interface Structure
b. Interface Design
Interface design in this system design consists of
Front End and Back end interface design
1) BackEnd Interface Design
The following is one of the Back End screen
displays that appear after the admin logs in
a) Administrator room Main page
Figure 10: Administrator room Main page
b) Teacher Data Administrator Room Page
This page contains teacher data, and this
form has facilities to add, edit and delete
teacher data
Figure 11: Interface of Teacher Data Administrator Room
Page
2) Frontend Interface Design
a) Teacher’s Room Main Page
The teacher's room page contains links to
access student data, teaching schedules,
personal data and change passwords
Figure 12: The Teacher's Room Main Page Interface
b) Student Attendance Page
This page contains student attendance data
in the class taught by the teacher, select the
attendance option then click the save button
to save attendance data
Figure 13: Student Attendance Page Interface
Analysis and Web based Automation Student Attendance Model using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) at Private Vocational High
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4. CONCLUSIONS
The conclusions and suggestions obtained from the
results of this research are:
a) Designing an online attendance system is
expected to simplify the process of recording
attendance for students who are now still using
manual methods, so that data will be stored
properly and reports can be made quickly and
accurately.
b) It is hoped that in the future, development of
this system can be carried out, for example by
adding facilities for student attendance
information aimed at the parents of students
through the SMS broadcast facility, so that
parents can monitor their children's attendance
at school.
REFERENCES
Alfatta, Hanif. 2007. Analisis dan perancangan Sistem
Informasi. Yogyakarta: ANDI
Booch, G., et al. 2007. Object Oriented Analysis and
Design with Application. Bouston: s.n., 2007.
Maryono. 2005.” Dasar-dasar Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID), Teknologi yang Berpengaruh Di
Perpustakaan”. Media Informasi Vol XIV No.20, p.18-
1
(http://elib.unikom.ac.id/files/disk1/394/jbptunikompp
-gdl-rahmansana-19676-2-babi.pdf) accessed Mei
2019.
Rosa and Shalahuddin 2011, Modul Pembelajaran
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak, Modula, Bandung.
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