The Implementation of Rapid Application Development Method in
Designing E-Learning based on Learning Management System Moodle at
Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia
Hamzah
1
, Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah
2
, Zulfadli Hamzah
3
and Astri Ayu Purwati
4
1
Departement of Islamic Studies, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
2
Department of Information System, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
3
Departement of Sharia Banking, Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
4
Departement of Management, School of Business, Pelita Indonesia, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
Keywords:
E-Learning, Rapid Application Development, LMS, Moodle
Abstract:
This study presents to develop E-learning system using Learning Management System Moodle by applying
Rapid Application Development method. E-Learning is helpful for interaction, learning, and communica-
tion between lecturers and students in Universities. Students can easily learn about their courses by using
this system. For years, Administration Office of Information and Technology has developed a system about
administration such as the staff attendance, costs, and other systems. Therefore, at Universitas Islam Riau,
E-Learning manages all activities in learning processes such as assignment, syllabus and all materials about
courses. The purpose of this research was to enable lecturers and students access all teaching materials at one
place for 24 hours a day and 7 days a week to make it efficient in learning process.
1 INTRODUCTION
As the technology and science increase, especially
in the field of information technology which presents
tremendous impacts in the world of education today,
not only in formal education, but also in informal
and non-formal education, people can enjoy the facil-
ities of information technology from simple to mod-
ern ones. The technology of computer and internet,
both software and hardware, provides many offers
and choices for education to support students’ learn-
ing process. The advantages offered lie not only in
the factor of speed to obtain information, but also
the multimedia facilities that can make learning more
interesting through interactive visuals, such as a re-
search conducted by (Abdellatief et al., 2011) who
built e-learning web-based multimedia platforms.
E-Learning is essentially learning, or learning
through the use of computer or internet technology.
Education must direct students to live in new situa-
tions that arise in themselves and their environment.
With such conditions, the students need the ability to
learn how to learn. This capacity can be achieved with
four pillars of education which are described as the
basic of education. 4 pillars of education (UNESCO)
refer to learning to know, learning to do, learning
to be, learning to live together. By considering the
four pillars of education, students can develop the
competencies that are beneficial for life in the future.
Those competencies include religious, economic, so-
cial, self-development competencies (Delors, 2013).
The format of education that might be available is
E-Learning, which means learning through the use of
computer technology and internet, distance learning,
in which teachers and students are not in one place at
the same time and do not physically and directly meet
in person (Abdellatief et al., 2011). E-Learning is a
learning approach through a computer connected to
the Internet, in which participants try to get learning
materials that comply with their individual needs, and
an Internet application that can connect the educators
and students in online learning spaces. E-Learning
aims to overcome the limitations between lecturers
and students, especially in space and time (Wan and
Niu, 2018).
Currently, E-Learning has been widely accepted
by the world community, as it is evidenced by the
widespread implementation of e-Learning in educa-
Hamzah, ., Hamzah, M., Hamzah, Z. and Purwati, A.
The Implementation of Rapid Application Development Method in Designing E-Learning based on Learning Management System Moodle at Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia.
DOI: 10.5220/0009151303590366
In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Social, Economy, Education and Humanity (ICoSEEH 2019) - Sustainable Development in Developing Country for Facing Industrial
Revolution 4.0, pages 359-366
ISBN: 978-989-758-464-0
Copyright
c
 2020 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
359

tional institutions such as schools, (Hubalovsky et al.,
2019), training institutes, universities and industries
(Cisco Systems, IBM, HP, Oracle, and others) (Cidral
et al., 2018). E-Learning is a type of learning sys-
tem allowing the provision of teaching materials to
students by using the Internet, Intranet or other com-
puter network media and mobile devices (m-learning)
(Amasha and AbdElrazek, 2016). E-Learning offers
a new hope as an alternative solution for most of the
problems in education in Indonesia. Its functions can
be tailored to the needs, both as a complementary
(supplementary) or substitute for classroom learning
activities as long as it is used.
Producing interesting and attractive e-learning re-
quires three conditions that must be fulfilled in de-
signing e-learning, namely simple, personal, and fast.
A simple system will make it easier for students to
use existing technology and menus. The introduction
of e-learning system will be reduced by the ease of the
panel provided, so that the students’ learning time can
be efficient for the learning process, not for learning
to use e-learning system. Personal requirements mean
that the teacher can interact well as if he communi-
cates with students in front of the class. With a more
personal approach and interaction, the teacher can ob-
serve the students’ learning progress and the teacher
can help the students with all their problems. As a re-
sult, students feel at home for a long time in front of
the computer screen. Furthermore, this service is sup-
ported by speed, rapid response to complaints and the
needs of other students. Thus, learning can be done
as quickly as possible by the instructor or manager.
Moodle is a name for an application program that
can transform a learning media into a web form. This
application allows students to enter the ”digital class-
rooms” to access learning materials. By using Moo-
dle, we can create learning materials, quizzes, elec-
tronic journals and others. Moodle stands for Modu-
lar Object Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment.
Moodle is a Course Management System (CMS)
application that is free downloaded, used or modified
by anyone with a GNU (General Public License) li-
cense. The Moodle application was first developed by
Martin Dougiamas in August 2002 with Moodle Ver-
sion 1.0. Currently, Moodle can be used by anyone
on Open Source. (Oproiu, 2015) examined the use
of the E-Moodle Learning Platform as a learning re-
source, as a means of evaluating teaching and learning
in addition to the traditional teaching, learning meth-
ods and assessment at OLITEHNICA University of
Bucharest. Moreover, Rosenberg (2001) emphasizes
that e-learning refers to the use of internet technology
to send a series of solutions that can improve knowl-
edge and skills.
Haughey (Rusman, 2007) states his opinion on e-
learning development. He asserts that there are three
possibilities in the development of an internet-based
learning system; they are the web course, web centric
course, and a web enhanced course.
Web course means using the internet for educa-
tional purposes, in which students or lecturers are
completely separate and there is no need for face-
to-face meetings. All teaching materials, discus-
sions, consultations, assignments, exercises, exami-
nations, and other learning activities are fully con-
veyed through the internet. In other words, this model
uses a remote system.
Meanwhile, web centric course refers to imple-
menting the internet which combines distance learn-
ing and face to face (conventional) learning. Some
materials are delivered via the internet and some are
given through face to face. Its function is complemen-
tary. In this model the lecturer can give instructions
to students to study lecture materials through the web
they have made. Students are also given direction to
find other sources from relevant sites. In face-to-face
meetings, students and lecturers have more discus-
sion about the findings of the material that has been
learned through the internet.
Then, web enhanced course is defined as the use of
the internet to support the improvement of the learn-
ing quality carried out in the classroom. The func-
tion of internet is to provide enrichment and commu-
nication between students and lecturers, fellow stu-
dents, group members, or students with other speak-
ers. Therefore, the lecturer in this case is required to
master the technique of searching for information on
the internet, to guide students to seek and find sites
that are relevant to lecture materials, to present in-
teresting and motivating materials through the web,
to serve the guidance and communication through
the internet, and other skills needed. The concept
of E-learning is to bring the influence of the pro-
cess of transforming conventional education into dig-
ital form. Presently, this concept has been widely ac-
cepted by the world community, as evidenced by the
widespread implementation of e-Learning in educa-
tional institutions (Kovacova and Vackova, 2015). For
years, all of the learning processes occured at Univer-
sitas Islam Riau still apply Conventional method. In
other words, the learning process between lecturers
and students can only be done by meeting with the
condition that there is an interaction between lectur-
ers and students in the class.
In addition, the process of transferring knowledge
is almost entirely conducted in the classroom; this
causes the transfer of knowledge will be interrupted if
the meeting does not occur. This situation clearly hin-
ICoSEEH 2019 - The Second International Conference on Social, Economy, Education, and Humanity
360

ders the learning process at Universitas Islam Riau.
2 METHODOLOGY
System Development Life Cycle is a method in the
development of popular information systems and can
be implemented when an information system is first
developed. The System Development Life Cycle was
further expanded with the existence of several mod-
els and frameworks in the development of informa-
tion systems. One model that can be used in develop-
ing information systems is Rapid Application Devel-
opment (RAD) (Maheshwari and Jain, 2012). RAD
method is the development of an information system
in a relatively short time. The development of a nor-
mal information system requires a minimum of 180
days. However, a system can be completed in just 60-
90 days with RAD method (Aswati et al., 2017).
Rapid Application Development is a term origi-
nally used to describe the process of software devel-
opment introduced by James Martin in 1991. Martin’s
methodology involves the repeated development and
prototypes making. Recently, the terms and acronyms
have been used in a broader general sense that in-
cludes various techniques aimed at accelerating the
development of application, such as the use of web
application frameworks and other types of software
frameworks. RAD approach might require compro-
mise in function and performance in return for en-
abling faster development and facilitating application
maintenance (Kendall and Kendall, 2013). Rapid Ap-
plication Development, like other methodologies re-
lying on an iterative approach, has been criticized for
rapidly creating a succession of prototypes that indi-
vidually make little real progress ((Daud et al., 2010).
3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Page Setup
There were 2 phases at this stage. Before turning to
action, it is important to know that if we do not un-
derstand what the client wants, we will never build
the right system. Thus, we determined the needs or
conditions to fulfill the product. Just like the require-
ments, we tried to solve the problem in order to avoid
possible conflicts from stakeholders. The processes
were:
• Discover Process
In this phase, we tried to understand the process
Table 1: Software Tools
No Name of Software Description
1. Windows 7 Operation System
2. Microsoft Project Schedule Management
3. Microsoft Word To apply in documentation
4. Adobe Photoshop To edit the picture
5. Adobe Dreamweaver Design Template for the website
with architecture and system design
includes coding and testing.
6. MYSQL Database
7. PHP Programming language
8. XAMPP Template to write and run coding
to make sure the system function-
alities works well and creating and
structuring the database for the sys-
tem for storing data.
9. Moodle 1.9.11 Framework E-learning
on this website by interviewing clients or peo-
ple appointed by knowledgeable clients and ask-
ing the employees of the Universitas Islam Riau
to utilize the relevant processes, step by step.
• Discover System Requirements
In this phase, the team collected information af-
ter the interview in order to start the system and
tried to find the right conditions. This session
merged the decision makers from staff organiza-
tions, potential users and members of the devel-
opment team. A facilitator moderated the session.
The facilitator was responsible to get what the de-
cision makers and users want from the website.
3.2 Analysis
Then, the project members continued to the results of
segment requirements and improved their understand-
ing about the problem. Some actions had even began
during the requirement segment. Meanwhile, the ob-
ject models began to improve the system processes.
There were three main tasks at this stage, such as task
analysis, user analysis, and use-case scenario.
3.2.1 Task Analysis
• The purpose of task analysis was to understand
in detail what tasks the users wanted to achieve
in their interface, and how they wanted to solve
them.
• After that, in this phase, the technical information
such as hardware and software were utilized. Ta-
ble 1 and 2 show the details about the hardware
and software requirements.
Table 2: Hardware Tools
No Name of Hardware Description
1. Computer Intel
R
 Core 2 Duo processor
2.0GHz 512 RAM DDR 2180 GB
hard disk
2. Optical mouse Cable mouse
3. RAM 3GB
The Implementation of Rapid Application Development Method in Designing E-Learning based on Learning Management System Moodle
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361

Figure 1: Rapid Application Development of E-Learning at Universitas Islam Riau
3.2.2 User Analysis
• The purpose of user analysis was to understand,
at a high level, the users who would use the user
interface and how they would use it.
• User analysis was carried out before project plan-
ning began, in other words, at the initial stage of
the project.
• When no formal project was established, user
analysis was carried out before project planning in
order to provide management systems with an un-
derstanding of the workplace that could help de-
termine system development needs.
• Workplace evaluation was implemented to deter-
mine the scope of the project and the project ap-
proach and problem statement.
• The user profiles should also be specified for the
authorization of each user.
3.2.3 Use Case Scenario
The system flow needs to be refined and it has been
compiled as use case diagrams, use case specifica-
tions, and sequence diagrams. This is crucial to un-
derstand the system flow more easily and effectively.
The use case diagram of E-learning is shown in Fig-
ure 2. The use case Login shown in Figure 3 is for
all users (Admin, Lecturer, and Student), which al-
lows users to log in with valid username/ passwords
to access the system. The use case Manage Course
shown in Figure 4 is for admins and lecturers to man-
age course and assign at course in the system. The
use case Manage Assignment is for admins, students
and lecturers to manage course assignment in the sys-
tem. Figure 6 shows sequence diagram of Login Ad-
min and Figure 7 shows sequence diagram of Manage
Course.
Figure 2: Use Case Diagram E-Learning
Figure 3: Use Case Login
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362

Figure 4: Use Case Manage Course
Figure 5: Use Case Manage Assignment
Figure 6: Sequence Diagram of Login Admin
3.3 Tools: Hardware, Software and
Database
This system uses XAMPP as a web server, the ap-
plication was created by Macromedia Dreamweaver
by implementing PHP Programming Language and
Database by MySQL. The hardware specification
is 180 GB hard disk, Intel
R
 Core 2 Duo proces-
sor 2.0GHz, and 3G RAM. The system built un-
der Windows 7 operating system. This system uses
XAMPP as a web server, the application was created
by Macromedia Dreamweaver by implementing PHP
Programming Language and Database by MySQL.
Figure 7: Sequence Diagram of Manage Course
Table 3: Admin Requirements
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-01 Login
1 ELUIR-01-01 Admin has to input username and pass-
word
H
2 ELUIR-01-02 Login failed L
ELUIR-02 Logout
3 ELUIR-02-01 Users have to log out by clicking ‘Lo-
gout’ after using the system
H
4 ELUIR-02-02 Users can directly log out from the sys-
tem without clicking ‘Logout’ button
L
ELUIR-03 Manage User
5 ELUIR-03-01 Admin fills all the required fields about
the new user
H
6 ELUIR-03-02 Admin click button “update profile” to
save into data
H
7 ELUIR-03-03 Admin can view list of user after add
new user
H
8 ELUIR-03-04 Admin can edit the user by clicking
“edit”
H
9 ELUIR-03-04 Admin can delete the user by clicking
“delete”
H
ELUIR-04 Manage Course
10 ELUIR-04-01 Admin create category for new course
by clicking “ add new category”
M
11 ELUIR-04-02 Admin fills all the required fields about
new course
H
12 ELUIR-04-03 Admin click button “cancel” to cancel
the confirmation.
L
13 ELUIR-04-04 Admin click button “changes save” to
save into data
H
14 ELUIR-04-05 Admin assign role lecturer and student
for course
H
15 ELUIR-04-06 Admin click “teacher” and then choose
the user to assign role as lecturer
H
16 ELUIR-04-07 Admin click “student” and then choose
the user to assign role as student
H
17 ELUIR-04-08 Admin click button “Assign roles in
course” to save into data
H
3.4 Design
Maestro was designed based on information gathered
in the previous stage. The design was referred to the
requirement specifications from the organization and
users (Hoffer et al., 2008) such as Architecture De-
sign, User Interface Design, and Database Design.
The Implementation of Rapid Application Development Method in Designing E-Learning based on Learning Management System Moodle
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Table 4: Lecturer Requirements Login and Logout
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-05 Login
1 ELUIR-05-01 Lecturer has to input username and
password
H
2 ELUIR-05-02 Login failed L
ELUIR-06 Logout
3 ELUIR-06-01 Users have to log out by clicking ‘Lo-
gout’ after using the system
H
4 ELUIR-06-02 Users can directly log out from the sys-
tem without clicking ‘Logout’ button
L
Table 5: Lecturer Requirements: Manage Course
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-07 Manage Course
1 ELUIR-07-01 Lecturer view his course H
2 ELUIR-07-02 Lecturer can edit his course by clicking
“setting” in “administration” menu
H
3 ELUIR-07-03 Lecturer fills all the required fields
about his course
H
4 ELUIR-07-04 Lecturer click button “cancel” to cancel
the confirmation.
L
5 ELUIR-07-05 Lecturer click button “changes save” to
save into data
H
6 ELUIR-07-06 Lecturer can registered/add student
take his course by clicking “assign
role” in administrasi menu
H
7 ELUIR-07-07 Lecturer click “student” and then
choose the user to assign role as student
H
8 ELUIR-07-08 Lecturer click “add” to add student for
take his course
H
9 ELUIR-07-09 Lecturer click “remove” to delete stu-
dent from his course
M
10 ELUIR-07-10 Lecturer click button “assign roles in
course” to save into data
H
Table 6: Lecturer Requirements: Manage Assignment
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-08 Manage Assignment
1 ELUIR-08-01 Lecturer can add assigment to his
course by clicking “Assignment” in add
activities menu
H
2 ELUIR-08-02 Lecturer fills all the required fields
about assignment
H
3 ELUIR-08-03 Lecturer click “save and return to
course” to save into data and return to
course
H
4 ELUIR-08-04 Lecturer click “cancel” to cancel add
assignment
L
5 ELUIR-08-05 Lecturer click “save and display” to
save into data and display that
H
3.5 Development
The system code was tested to make sure that there
was no error and to detect any malfunction of the
system before implementing the system. The system
was tested using http://localhost to make sure it run
smoothly, in order and consistent. During the testing,
a lot of shortages and errors have been successfully
found. The errors found from the testing were wrong
page link, invalid data and page error. All mistakes
have been corrected and now the system completely
functions well.
During the system testing, all the data inserted
by users were checked in the database to make sure
all the data were successfully stored. Besides, the
functions that needed the data to be retrieved back
were also tested. To retrieve the data in the database,
users faced a session that prompted them to enter spe-
cific data correctly for security purposes. The entire
database had no error and functioned well.
Complete System documentation or draft report
finished after the system coding and testing was done.
The documentation is important as it contains every-
thing about the system from start to end.
3.6 Project Requirement
Project requirements is divided into two parts, func-
tional requirements and non-functional requirements.
Admin requirements are explained in Table 3 and lec-
turer requirements are explained on Table 4 to Table
9. Non-functional requirements are the functions of
non-technical aspects in order to make the users inter-
ested to come to E-Learning UIR system. For that, I
created the design of E-Learning UIR system as inter-
active as possible and provided good content on it so
users would come to see it.
3.7 Interface
As shown in Figure 8, the user login page is the first
step that must be taken to enter the system in accor-
dance with their respective rules such as student or
lecturer. As shown in Figure 9, the home page is the
main page after the user has logged into the system.
in this page, the user will have a special menu ac-
cording to their roles such as student or lecturer. For
example, after students log into the system, the home-
page will display courses taken by the student during
the semester. As shown in Figure 10, Student Course
page contains lecture materials presented by lecturers
as well as assignments, quizzes and exams. with this
anytime students can access lecture materials anytime
and anywhere.
Figure 8: User Login
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Figure 9: Home Page
Figure 10: Student’s Course Page
Table 7: Lecturer Requirements: Manage Quiz
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-09 Manage Quiz
1 ELUIR-09-01 Lecturer can add quiz to his course by
clicking “quiz” in add activities menu
H
2 ELUIR-09-02 Lecturer fills all the required fields
about quiz
H
3 ELUIR-09-03 Lecturer click “save and return to
course” to save into data and return to
course
H
4 ELUIR-09-04 Lecturer click “cancel” to cancel add
quiz
L
5 ELUIR-09-05 Lecturer click “save and display” to
save into data and display that
H
6 ELUIR-09-06 Lecturer can add question into quiz by
click list of question in “make new
question” menu
H
7 ELUIR-09-07 Lecturer fills all the required fields
about question
H
8 ELUIR-09-08 Lecturer click button “cancel” to cancel
the confirmation.
L
9 ELUIR-09-09 Lecturer click button “changes save” to
save into data
H
10 ELUIR-09-10 Lecturer add question into quiz by click
“add to quiz”
H
11 ELUIR-09-11 Lecturer click button “delete” to delete
question.
L
4 CONCLUSION
The development of E-learning System is very rapid
and efficient by using the RAD method. E-Learning
at Universitas Islam Riau is a management software/
system which has complete functions for university
activities about learning within students and lecturers.
It totally changes conventional learning to fully auto-
matic learning using computer machine. This project
goal was to provide solutions for the students and lec-
turers in managing their course. This research obvi-
Table 8: Lecturer Requirements: Manage Forum And
Grade
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-10 Manage Forum
1 ELUIR-10-1 Lecturer can add new forum in his
course
H
2 ELUIR-10-2 Lecturer click button “tambah topik
baru” to add new topic
H
3 ELUIR-10-3 Lecturer fills all the required fields
about new topic
H
4 ELUIR-10-4 Lecturer click button “browse.” To at-
tach file
M
5 ELUIR-10-5 Lecturer click button “post to forum” to
save into data
H
6 ELUIR-10-6 Lecturer can delete his topic L
7 ELUIR-10-7 Lecturer can response about student
opinion by click “tanggapan”
M
ELUIR-11 Manage Grade
8 ELUIR-11-01 Lecturer can give grade for student H
9 ELUIR-11-02 Lecturer can give grade Quis for stu-
dent by click link to kuis “name kuis”
H
10 ELUIR-11-03 Lecturer can give grade Assignment
for student by click link to assignment
“name of assignment”
H
Table 9: Lecturer Requirements: Manage Group
No Requirement
ID
Requirement Detail Priority
ELUIR-11 Manage Group
1 ELUIR-12-01 Lecturer can make a group for student
in his course
H
2 ELUIR-12-02 Lecturer click buttton “Auto-Created
group” to make group by automatically
H
3 ELUIR-12-03 Lecturer click button “cancel” to cancel
add group
L
4 ELUIR-12-04 Lecturer click button “preview” to pre-
view group
M
5 ELUIR-12-05 Lecturer click button “Continue” to
save group into data
H
ously has a concrete significance for students and lec-
turer because this project was developed for solving
their problems in the learning process.
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