Study of the Use of Drywall as the Wall Cover Material Reviewed

from Cost and Time Aspects

Ni Kadek Sri Ebtha Yuni, I Wayan Sudiasa and I Nyoman Suardika

Civil Engineering Department, Bali State Polytechnic, Bali, Indonesia

Keywords: Dry Wall, Cost, Time, Wall Work.

Abstract: To the date, a lot of wall works still use materials in the form of red bricks, light bricks, bricks, and panels.

Likewise, seen from research related to value engineering, most of them examine the use of these materials.

From the cost view, red brick material is cheaper than using lightweight brick and precast panels. Meanwhile,

in terms of labor productivity, precast panel is better than red bricks and light bricks. The rukom system

building uses a lightweight steel frame and fiber cement which is earthquake resistant. The application of the

use of lightweight steel frame materials and fiber cement is known as the drywall system. The purpose of this

study is to calculate the unit price of the work, namely the coefficient of project resources (materials, labor,

and tools). In this research, the method of drywall installation work is also developed, therefore the completion

time of the work can be determined. The long-term goal of this research is to examine the quality of the work

and compare it with other wall materials. This research begins by studying the shop drawing drawings, then

calculations are carried out to determine material requirements including the need for waste materials.

Furthermore, observations were made to determine the need for labor, the need for tools, the method of

installation. Through the installation method in the field, it can be seen the time needed to complete the work.

The result of this research is the cost required to install a double-installed drywall truss is Rp. 172,198.64 per

m2. For the installation of the layer using soundstop gypsum material, it is Rp. 121,641.74 per m2. Installation

of the wall layer with GRC including the installation of soundproofing is IDR 341,803.02 per m2. The price

includes materials, wages and fees as well as 5% overhead. For the tool does not use heavy equipment so that

the cost of the tool is Rp. 0.0. The total cost of drywall work per 1 m2 is Rp 635,643.41. This price does not

include finishing work such as painting. 2. To complete the drywall installation work with a module measuring

3 meters x 6 meters, it takes 1 day to install the frame, wall covering, wall covering each. The overall drywall

work with a volume of 6,068 m2 requires 30 days to complete the preparation and marking work, 90 days for

frame installation, 90 days for wall covering, 90 days for walls. So the total time needed to complete the

drywall work is 121 days.

1 INTRODUCTION

Wall material continues to develop along with the

demands of the need to achieve the most effective and

efficient cost, time, quality (Rori, 2020). Currently,

various types, brands and products of building

materials are circulating in the market. This is an

alternative, and make it to be easier for people to

determine the type of building material to be used and

also easier to control costs in the process of building

a house or building. The emergence of several brands

with various specifications is solely aimed at

producing better buildings with optimal cost, quality,

and time. In the past, people tended to use bricks or

red bricks for wall work, but now people are familiar

with lightweight bricks and precast panels (Yuni,

2018). Wall materials continue to develop along with

the demands of the needs in achieving the most

effective and efficient cost, time, quality. Currently,

in addition to lightweight brick which is quite popular

as a wall material, now there are other alternative

materials using drywall.

Drywall is a drywall work that does not involve

cement, sand and water. Drywall offers a lighter

system than conventional wall systems. The main

components of drywall are gypsumboard frames, J

Track, E-Stud. Additional components are

compound, sealant, insulation, spindle pin. The use of

drywall components is determined based on the

installation area. Wet areas such as bathrooms,

368

Yuni, N., Sudiasa, I. and Suardika, I.

Study of the Use of Drywall as the Wall Cover Material Reviewed from Cost and Time Aspects.

DOI: 10.5220/0010946000003260

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2021), pages 368-372

ISBN: 978-989-758-615-6; ISSN: 2975-8246

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

kitchens, and walls will be selected for waterproof

gypsumboard materials. Furthermore, after the

drywall is installed, proceed with wall finishing.

Finishing can be in the form of paint, ceramic tile,

marble, and wallpaper (Plasterboard, 2018).

It is important to pay attention to the selection of

wall constituent materials because the decrease in the

foundation structure is also caused by the heavy load

of the walls(Plasterboard, 2018). Gypsum is one

example of a mineral with a dominant calcium

content in the mineral. Gypsum board consists of a

core of gypsum material wrapped with reinforcing

paper around it. The thickness of gypsum varies, the

average in the market is 9 mm, 12 mm and 15 mm for

the standard type of gypsum. Currently, in addition to

lightweight brick which is quite popular as a wall

material, now there is another alternative material,

namely using drywall. Based on research

(Madutujuh, 2016), when viewed from the strength of

the structure, buildings using light steel frames and

fiber cement are earthquake resistant.

Development engineering is basically an activity

based on an analysis of various aspects to achieve the

goals and objectives specific goals with results

optimally possible. To determine the cost of a unit of

work as part of project activities, a cost estimate is

carried out (Husen, 2011). In determining the project

resource requirements, the formula for the volume of

work multiplied by the unit price analysis coefficient

is used (Husen, 2011). The coefficient of analysis is

obtained through the calculation of the realization in

the field. For the labor coefficient, it is necessary to

calculate the productivity. In general, productivity is

defined as a comparison between the output and input

or output: input (Husen, 2011). The definition of

output includes volume and quality, while input

includes materials and energy, labor and capital

equipment. The labor coefficient is determined to

determine the amount of labor and the time used to

complete one work item with a certain volume

(Messah et al., 2013).

Project scheduling is one of the elements of

planning results, which can provide information

about the planned schedule and project progress in

terms of resource performance in the form of costs,

labor, equipment and materials as well as project

duration plans and time progress for project

completion. In the implementation of construction

projects, the availability of labor affects the

completion of construction projects (Messah et al.,

2013). The implementation schedule can be arranged

in the form of a barchart. The length of the beam

indicates the duration of the activity and usually the

activities are arranged according to the chronology of

the work (Messah et al., 2013). Completion of work

on a project can run according to the target time, cost,

quality and quality if it is supported by good

implementation and supervision methods (Messah et

al., 2013).

2 METHOD

The research method is field observation to obtain

field data in the form of material needs, tools, labor,

implementation time requirements and work methods

used. Secondary data in this study is shop drawings.

In addition, secondary data is also obtained from

reports/brochures about drywall that have been

implemented. Primary data obtained through field

observations. Observations were carried out by

directly observing field conditions. Determine the

productivity of workers who work in bulk units,

determine the type of heavy equipment used in the

work, look for material prices and wholesale prices

per unit of work. Furthermore, the data is analyzed to

Figure 1: Research Stage.

Star

Secondary data

Observation

Man, material,

machine

Data Analyze

Productivity Analyze

Coefficient Survey

Unit Price Analyze

k Completion

Schedule Anal

Study of the Use of Drywall as the Wall Cover Material Reviewed from Cost and Time Aspects

369

determine the job index and resource requirements of

the project. The result is an analysis of the unit price

of work. Furthermore, to determine the duration of

work based on data on the ability of workers to

complete work per unit m2.

This research will be carried in as following steps:

1. Collecting data in the form of shop drawing.

From the shop drawing, the volume of work is

calculated, then the material requirements are

calculated.

2. Determine the productivity of workers who

work in bulk units. This productivity is to

determine the ability to complete work in one

piece.

3. Looking for material prices and wholesale

prices per unit of work. Furthermore, these

figures are made in the form of a work unit index

or an analysis of the unit price of work.

4. Calculating project resource requirements, tool

materials, labor based on field unit index. The

volume of resource requirements is the product

of the job index with the volume of work.

5. From the cost analysis above, it is obtained an

analysis of the unit price of the drywall

installation work per unit m2.

6. Prepare a work implementation schedule based

on labor productivity and field work methods.

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Drywall is a dry wall covering job, meaning that it

does not involve water, cement and sand. In general,

wall coverings are in the form of red brick, light brick,

brick and precast panels. Drywall itself uses gypsum

material as a cover along with frames and other

accessories. The components of drywall are the

frame, covering and covering. The frame consists of

2 types, namely single frame and double frame.

A. Drywall Component

Installation of drywall consists of 3 stages, which use

components of different materials. The components

are the frame, the inner cover, and the outer cover.

The drywall specification in this study is to use a

double frame, the inner cover uses 12 mm Soundstop

gypsum, and the outer cover uses 12 mm GRC Board.

Figure 2: Drywall Section.

B. Material Requirement Survey

Drywall work has specifications that vary according

to the needs and the desired design. Material

requirements are the number of material components

needed in the installation of drywall in 1 m2. To

obtain these needs, the data obtained through direct

observation in the field. The observations were made

on the module or the drywall installation area with a

size of 6,000 meters x 3,000 meters. The drywall

studied in this study is for wall coverings outside the

building with the following specifications: The wall

thickness is 250 mm, using a double frame system

with a frame distance of 400 mm, installing gypsum

on 2 sides, 2 faces and 1 layer, using gypsum

soundstop with a thickness of 12 mm on the inside,

using 12 mm GRC on the outside, using rockwool

silencer.

C. Manpower Coeficient

Drywall works uses the wholesale system. One group

of contractors consists of 1 worker, 1 handyman and

1 foreman. Productivity is the ratio between the

volume done and the amount of time needed to do the

work. The average productivity per hour of drywall

frame installation using materials as described in the

truss component table using 1 worker, 1 handyman,

and 1 foreman is 2,250 m2/hour. Next is the

calculation of the labor coefficient. The coefficient of

unit price analysis is the numbers of the amount of

material and labor needed to do a job in a certain unit.

The average productivity per hour of installing

gypsum inside walls using 2 workers, 2 builders, and

1 foreman is 2,250 m2/hour. Next is the calculation

of the labor coefficient. The coefficient of unit price

analysis is the number of material and labor

requirements needed to do a job in a certain unit. The

average productivity per hour of external wall

installation using GRC using 2 workers, 3 craftsmen,

and 1 foreman is 2,250 m2/hour. Next is the

calculation of the labor coefficient. The coefficient of

iCAST-ES 2021 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

370

unit price analysis is the numbers of the amount of

material and labor needed to do a job in a certain unit.

D. Project Resource Cost

Project resources consist of materials, tools, and

labor. The price of each project resource is obtained

through a field survey. The results of the following

material prices are obtained based on a survey of

several shops or suppliers of building materials and a

survey of wages for the foreman who works on

drywall.

E. Unit Price of Drywall Works

Based on the results of the need for wood materials

and the coefficient of labor can be calculated analysis

of the unit price of work. The specification of drywall

work to the installation of walls with gypsum without

finishing work. The workforce uses workers from

outside of Bali. Analysis of unit prices with

specifications for the installation of the frame using

bullet nails, hanging elbows, Metal Track 64 0.50 mm

BMT @ 3m, Metal Stud 64 0.50 mm BMT @ 3m,

Head track 64 0.50 mm BMT @ 3m, Screw 6 3/8,

Nails 3 cm concrete, and sealant. Harga per 1 m2

pekerjaan pemasangan rangka ganda drywall adalah

Rp 172,198.64. Harga tersebut sudah termasuk profit

dan overhead sebesar 5%.

Analysis of unit prices with the specifications for

interior wall installation is Gypsumboard Soundstop

12 mm, screw, paper tape, coumpond, sandpaper, and

sealant. The price per 1 m2 of interior wall

installation with gypsum is Rp 121,641.74. This price

includes 5% profit and overhead. Unit price analysis

with specifications for external wall installation

including sound suppression installation are GRC

Board 12 mm, screw, U list, sealant, Rockwool

density 60 kg/m3 t=5 cm, Spindle pin and glue. The

price per 1 m2 of external wall installation with GRC

is IDR 341,803.02. This total price includes 5% profit

and overhead.

Table 1: Drywall wall work unit price recapitulation.

No Item

Total

(Rp)/m2

Installation of double frame

drywall

172,198

Installation of inner play wall

with Gypsum Soundstop 12 mm

121,641

Installation of outer wall with

GRC inclusive of silencer with

rockwool

341,803

TOTAL

635,643

The cost required to install a double-installed

drywall wall truss is IDR 172,198 per m2. For the

installation of the cover using soundstop material, it

is Rp. 121,641 per m2. Installation of the wall layer

with GRC including the installation of soundproofing

is IDR 341,803 per m2. The price includes materials

and wages. For the tool does not use heavy equipment

so that the cost of the tool is Rp. 0.0. The total cost of

drywall work per 1 m2 is Rp 635,643.41

F. Work Completion Analysis

Drywall work started by installing the frame. The

components of wall frame installation are bullet nails,

hanging elbows, Metal Track 64 0.50 mm BMT @

3m, Metal Stud 64 0.50 mm BMT @ 3m, Head track

64 0.50 mm BMT @ 3m, Screw 6 3/8, Concrete Nails

3 cm, and sealants. Next step, continued with the

installation of the indoor wall covering with 12 mm

soundstop gypsum. The last step is the installation of

the outer wall with GRC includes a damper from

Rockwool. Based on the sequence of work above, the

completion time of drywall work can be determined.

The field or module observed is 6 meters x 3 meters

in size. To complete the work required 1 to 2 workers,

1 to 2 builders and 1 foreman.

The frame consists of mounting bullet nails,

hanging elbows, Metal Track 64 0.50 mm BMT @

3m, Metal Stud 64 0.50 mm BMT @ 3m, Head track

64 0.50 mm BMT @ 3m, Screw 6 3/8, 3 cm Concrete

Nails, and sealant takes 1 day or 8 hours. Similarly,

the installation of the wall covering with gypsum

takes 1 day or 8 hours. The wall covering including

rockwool also takes 1 day or 8 hours.The time to

complete the preparation and marking work is 30

days, frame installation 90 days, wall covering 90

days, wall 90 days. So the total time needed to

complete the drywall work is 121 days.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Total cost to install a double-installed drywall truss is

IDR 172,198.64 per m2. For the installation of the

cover using soundstop material, is Rp. 121,641.74 per

m2. Installation of the wall layer with GRC including

the installation of soundproofing is IDR 341,803.02

per m2. The price includes materials, wages and fees

as well as 5% overhead. For the tool does not use

heavy equipment so that the cost of the tool is Rp. 0.0.

The total cost of drywall work per 1 m2 is Rp

635,643.41. This price is not included with finishing

work (painting).

Study of the Use of Drywall as the Wall Cover Material Reviewed from Cost and Time Aspects

371

To complete the drywall installation work with

module size 3 meters x 6 meters, requires duration to

install the frame, inner wall cover, outer wall cover is

1 day for each work. The overall drywall work with a

volume of 6,068 m2 requires 30 days to complete the

preparation and marking work, 90 days for frame

installation, 90 days for indoor wall covering, 90 days

for. Therefore, total duration to complete drywall

work is 121 days. walls. So the total time needed to

complete drywall work is 121 days.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors thank to institutions that have supported

this research. The authors also thank project teams

that have been created to conduct research. Thanks

also to the research team who have always been

supported each other to complete this research

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