Response Spectrum Analysis of RC Bridge using Indonesian

Earthquake Map 2017: Case Study - Bonak RC Bridge, TTU, NTT,

Indonesia

Valentinus E. Bano, Albert Aun Umbu Nday and Matheus R. Sodanango

Civil Engineering Program, State Polytechnic of Kupang, Kupang, Indonesia

Keywords: Respons Spectrum, Earthquake Map, RC Bridges.

Abstract: The use of the 2017 Indonesia Earthquake Map has not been massively used by the relevant stakeholders.

Even the regulations SNI 2833 : 2016 regarded Indonesia Earthquake Map 2012. Updating maping recently

must be followed by newly regulations. However, structural designed must accomodating newly Indonesia

Earthquake based on SNI 2833 : 2016. This structural planning made significantly changes of earthquake

loads. This reseacrh did newly Earthquake Map to Bonak Bridge with new respons analysis using SAP 2000

as Program analysis. Design to the structure including plate, beam and abutment. This research showed

changes of earthquake loads and resulting changed of dimensions and steel reinforcement on structural

system.

1 INTRODUCTION

The use of the 2017 Indonesia Earthquake Map

(Asrurifak, 2017), has not been massively used by the

relevant stakeholders. Even the regulation on the use

of Earthquake maps has not been updated, which still

uses the old Earthquake map (Umum, 2010). It can be

seen in the latest regulation, SNI 2833: 2016 (2016,

2016)], that is appeared in 2016. As is known,

Indonesia is located in an area of tectonic and

volcanic earthquakes which is meeting of three

tectonic plates, there are the Indo-Australian Plate,

the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate (Mallisa,

2010). This condition will affecting all of

infrastructure designs. The development of research

on earthquake conditions is inversely proportional

with the newly regulations. Therefore the subject of

this research is given describes of influeting newly

Indonesian Eartquake Map to the bridge behaviors. It

is considerable impacted to the earthquake loads and

is possible changes dimensions and steel

reinforcement of the structural designs.

2 LITERATURE RIVIEW

A. Indonesian Earthquake Maping

According to the design of structural requirement,

Indonesian Government through “Badan Standarisasi

Nasional (BSN)” produced regulations of structural

design. Started from design, loading, and structural

analysis. One of the regulations is implementation of

earthquake loads to structural analysis. Therefore, it

is necessary to have a common perception and

understanding in field of structural planning.

Similarity of designers perceptions have seen in

Indonesian Earthquake Map. The newly Indonesian

Earthquake Map, as in (Asrurifak, 2017) however it is

aplicated according to SNI 2833 : 2016, as in (2016,

2016) has not been accomodated of newly regulations.

B. Seismic Analyses

Modelling on bridges seismic analysis was highly

produce in a lot of bridges research. A three-

dimensionan model of bridges was developed by

using SAP 2000 in many parrameters such as

changing the superstructure mass, changing the

concrete compressive strength, changing the plastic

hinge length, and damping results descibes of briges

seismic behaviors (Gao, 2018). A type of irregular-

continuous bridges and prediction of displacement

based seismic design was resulted that pushover curve

Bano, V., Nday, A. and Sodanango, M.

Response Spectrum Analysis of RC Bridge using Indonesian Earthquake Map 2017: Case Study - Bonak RC Bridge, TTU, NTT, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0010960800003260

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2021), pages 1133-1137

ISBN: 978-989-758-615-6; ISSN: 2975-8246

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

1133

resulted by analysis of capacity of spectrum (Li,

Xiang, Wei, Yan, & Xia, 2020). A seismic isolators

can effective to stiffness and damping compared to the

multi-mode response spectrum analysis (MMRSA).

The isolators incuded laminated elastomeric bearings,

elasto-plastic devices, and fiction pendulums (Simon

& Vigh, 2013). The parameter of respons spectrum

which is describe in 2017 Indonesia Earthquake Map

it shown in Fig. 1, as in (Asrurifak, 2017)

Figure 1: Respons spectrum graph parameter.

3 MODELING OF BRIDGE

STRUCTURE

Modelling has used by SAP 2000 Program. A three-

dimensional model incuding the shape of bridges,

loads, and structure analysis done in this research. For

earthquake loads used respons spectrum analysis from

newly Indonesia Earthquake Map was appeared in

2017.

C. Materials Spesification

A bridge planned with the spesifications i.e. age of

bridge 50 years; length 15 m; trotoar way 2x1 m;

concrete compressive strength (fc’) 33 MPa; and

tensile steel reinforcement 400 MPa.

D. Regulations

The newly indonesian regulations of bridges design

was used in this research to established of legal

standing. Regulations such as bridges loads

regulation SNI 1725 : 2015 [8]; Bridges planned for

resisted eartquake behaviors SNI 2833 : 2016.

E. Bridge Modelling

A bridge planned named Bonak Bridge is RC bridge

and located in TTU, Indonesia. With long-span model

have been seen in Fig. 2 and short-span model have

been seen in Fig. 3.

Figure 2: Long-span model.

Figure 3: Short-span model.

A SAP 2000 bridge model have been seen in Fig, 4. It

has inputs loaded from Dead Load, Live Load,

Moving Vehicle Loads and Earthquake Loads.

Figure 4: A three-dimensional model.

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

F. Earthquake Loads

• PGA grades with probabilty 7% in 75 years.

With range 0.3 – 0.4 g. And the grade in the

location of bridge is 0.35 g. PGA map it shown

in Fig. 5.

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Figue 5: PGA grades of Indonesian Earthquake Map.

• Ss grades (respon spektra 0.2 second) on bed

rock condition with probabilty 7% in 75 years

with range 0.7 – 0.8 g. And Ss grade in the

location of bridge is 0.75 g. Ss map it shown in

Fig. 6.

Figue 6: Ss grades of Indonesian Earthquake Map.

• S

grades (respon spektra 1 second) on bed

rock condition with probabilty 7% in 75 years

with range 0.25 – 0.3 g. And S

grade in the

location of bridge is 0.27 g. S

map it shown in

Fig. 7.

Figure 7: S

grades of Indonesian Earthquake Map.

• Based on the earthquake map, the analysis of

respons spectrum can obtained the period and

the acceleration and it shown on Table 1. And

the graph of Respons Spectrum it shown in Fig

Table 1: Period and Acceleration of Respons Spectrum.

Number

Respons Spectrum Data

Period Acceleration

1 0 0.4025

2 0.1111 0.9

3 0.2222 0.9

4 0.3333 0.9

5 0.4444 0.9

6 0.5558 0.9

7 0.6667 0.828

8 0.7778 0.710

9 0.8889 0.621

10 1.0000 0.552

11 1.1111 0.497

12 1.2222 0.452

13 1.3333 0.414

14 1.4444 0.382

15 1.5556 0.355

16 1.6667 0.331

Figure 8: Respons spectrum graph.

G. Bridge Structure Design

• Design of trototoar way used steel reinforment

at longitudinal bars is 4 D 10; then traversal

bars used ϕ 8 – 100. As a part with trotoar way,

cantilever slab was design used longitudinal

bars D13 – 220; then transversal bars used ϕ10

0,0000

0,2000

0,4000

0,6000

0,8000

1,0000

0,00 0,22 0,44 0,67 0,89 1,11 1,33 1,56

Cs,m

Periode (T second)

Response Spectrum Analysis of RC Bridge using Indonesian Earthquake Map 2017: Case Study - Bonak RC Bridge, TTU, NTT, Indonesia

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– 260. The design of trotoar way and

cantilever slab shown in Fig. 9

Figure 9: Design of trotoar way and cantilever slab.

• Bridge slab has 200 mm of thickness and was

used two level steel reinforment on top level

and bottom level. At top level used

longitudinal bars D13 – 180 and trasversal

bars ϕ10 – 200. And bottom level used

longitudinal bars D13 – 220 and trasversal

bars ϕ10 – 200. Bridge slab detailed shown in

Fig. 10.

Figure 10: Bridge slab detailing.

• Diafragma beams as a transversal beams of

bridge structure have a major functional to

avoid deeply deflection of longitudinal beams

and to increase the stifness of bridges. A 300

x 500 mm of diafragma beam dimensions was

used at top steel bars 2D19 and bottom steel

bars 4D19. And traversal steel bars used ϕ13 –

100. The detailed of diafragma beams shown

in Fig. 11.

Figure 11: Detailing of diafragma beams.

• Main girders as a longitudinal beams which

are resisted to diafragma beams and bridges

plate. This main girders with dimensions 600

x 1200 mm was used 15D32 as steel

reinforment at longitudinal bars and used ϕ13

– 140 at trasversal steel bars. The detailed of

mai girdesrs shown in Fig. 12.

Figure 12: Detailing of main girders.

• Detailing of head abutment and body of

abutment are shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14.

Figure 13: Detailing of head abutment.

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Figure 14: Detailing of body abutment.

5 CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions of this research is describing a three-

dimensional bridge model with SAP 2000 program

and answered behaviors of structure when use others

earthquake loads in Indonesian teritory. The main

conclusions from this study are summarized as

follows :

• Newly updating of earthquake map can

changes earthquake loads

• Changing in earthquake loads can possible

changes dimensions and steel reinforment

• Updating earthquake map must followed by

the newly regulations

REFERENCES

2016, S. 2. (2016). Standar Nasional Indonesia

Perencanaan Jembatan Terhadap Berban Gempa

(2016 ed.). Jakarta, Indonesi: Badan Standarisasi

Nasional.

Asrurifak, M. (2017). PETA GEMPA INDONESIA 2017

DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK PERENCANAAN

GEDUNG DAN INFRASATRUKTUR TAHAN

GEMPA. Workshop, Bidang Pengembangan Standar,

Manual dan Pedoman HATTI, Surabaya.

Gao, Y. (2018, January). EFFECTS OF MODELLING

PARAMETERS ON THE SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF

BRIDGES. Int. J. Comp. Meth. and Exp. Meas, 6(5),

868-879.

Li, S., Xiang, P., Wei, B., Yan, L., & Xia, Y. (2020,

September). A Nonlinear Static Procedure for the

Seismic Design of Symmetrical Irregular Bridges.

Shock and Vibration , 2020(1), 1-16.

Mallisa, Z. (2010, September). PERKEMBANGAN

ARAH FALSAFAH DESAIN SEISMIK STRUKTUR

BANGUNAN GEDUNG BERTINGKAT . Media

Litbang Sulteng III, 2, 96-103.

Simon, J., & Vigh, L. G. (2013, June). Response spectrum

analysis of girder bridges with seismic isolators using

effective stiffness . researchgate publication, 1(1), 1-

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Umum, K. P. (2010, 01). Retrieved from pustaka.pu.go.id:

https://pustaka.pu.go.id/biblio/peta-hazard-gempa-

indonesia-2010-sebagai-acuan-dasar-perencanaan-dan-

perancangan-infrastruktur-tahan-gempa/EB4G9

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