Implementation and Monitoring Heart Rate and Body Temperature

using IoT

Nurul Fahmi

, Fahrul Shobri

and Eko Prayinto

Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis, Jl. Bathin Alam, Sungai Alam, Bengkalis, Riau, Indonesia

Department of Informatics Engineering, Indonesia

Keywords: Heart Rate, Body Temperature, Sensor Pulse, IoT.

Abstract: Health is one of the most important things for human life. One of the most important components of health is

the heart and body temperature. The normal heart rate is in the range of 60-110 beats per Minute, while the

normal body temperature is between 35 - 38 Celsius. Therefore, a device that can monitor heart rate and body

temperature is proposed based on IoT, this system will be built using Arduino Uno, Pulse Sensor to detect

heart rate and DS18B20 sensor to detect body temperature, and Mini PC as a Web Server. Based on testing

of 5 patients over 60 years of age, the heart rate data collection used a pulse sensor and Smart Watch M4 as a

comparison, with an average difference of 8.6 and a percentage of deviation of 9.76. Meanwhile, for data

collection at body temperature using a temperature sensor ds18b20 and a Digital Thermometer as a

comparison, with an average difference of 0.75 and a percentage of deviation of 2.06.

1 INTRODUCTION

The development of the world of technology is

currently developing very rapidly, especially in the

health sector. Advances in technology create tools

that can be used for health. This is related to the

importance of health for human life, especially the

elderly. One of the most important components of

health is the heart and body temperature. at this time

if the patient wants to check his heart rate and body

temperature, he must first go to the hospital to be

checked and of course it costs money. Therefore, a

system that can monitor heart rate and body

temperature is proposed in a portable manner.

Some researchers have researched Internet of

Things (IoT), such as Environmental Monitoring

(Fahmi, Al Rasyid, & Sudarsono, 2017), agriculture

monitoring (Mendez & Mukhopadhyay,

2013)(Fahmi, Huda, et al., 2017), Fire Forest (Kadir,

Rosa, & Yulianti, 2019), Wireless Body Area

Network (Udin, Al, & Lee, 2015), Military(Huda,

Sudarsono, & Harsono, 2016; Sudarsono, Huda,

Fahmi, Udin Harun Al-Rasyid, & Kristalina, 2016)

and so on. Udin Harun at.al (Udin et al., 2015),

Implementation an E-Health to monitoring body

temperature and blood oxygen to check personal

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-2697

health based on Wireless Body Area Network

(WBAN). The data showing to patient based on Web

Based Application. Chao Li, et al (Li, Hu, & Zhang,

2017), monitoring heart disease for pervasive

healthcare service using IoT technology. The system

to monitoring blood pressure, ECG, SpO2, heart rate,

pulse rate blood fat and blood glucose. The result

from all sensors will be show to the mobile phone.

Based the information’s all the data sensor are

presented with taking patient risk, medical analysis,

communication and computing resource.

Salih Ali, et al (Ali, Alyasseri, & Abdulmohson,

2018), show the real-time heart pulse monitoring

technique using wireless sensor network and mobile

application to monitoring data Heart Pulse (HP) for

patients. In this paper, proposed to monitoring and

display the data HP using mobile phone applications.

T A. Mahgoub, et al (Mahgoub, Khalifa, Sidek, &

Khan, 2016), proposed to remote Pulse Oximetry

system for show the health patient.

Photoplethysmography is a technique to collected

data patients, compare and monitoring in order to

alert important personnel in the case of an emergency.

All data will be show to application smartphone.

In this paper shows the information health patients

to monitoring heart rate and body temperature using

1448

Fahmi, N., Shobri, F. and Prayinto, E.

Implementation and Monitoring Heart Rate and Body Temperature using IoT.

DOI: 10.5220/0010967100003260

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2021), pages 1448-1452

ISBN: 978-989-758-615-6; ISSN: 2975-8246

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

IoT. Pulse sensor to detect heart rate and temperature

to detect body temperature and mini PC using as a

web server. All data heart rate and body temperature

will be showing at web-based application

2 THE SYSTEM DESIGN

2.1 General Architecture

The materials used in this study are data obtained

from the results of the Pulse Sensor and the DS18B20

Temperature Sensor which detects the heart rate and

body temperature of the elderly and will then be

processed on a microcontroller sent via a USB cable.

The data contained on the microcontroller will then

be sent to the mini pc, then the data will be parsed

using the python programming language and then

saved to the database then sent to the website and

displayed to the LCD as an application of IoT

technology with the output results in the form of heart

rate and body temperature data.

In Figure. 1 there is a power bank which will be

used to turn on the microcontroller (Arduino UNO),

after the microcontroller is turned on, the Mini PC

(Raspberry Pi) and other components are connected

to the microcontroller automatically. Pulse Sensor

and Temperature Sensor DS18B20 will detect heart

rate and body temperature, after the sensor detects it

will send data to Arduino, after Arduino receives data

from the sensor, Arduino will send the result data

from the sensor to the Mini PC then the data is sent

into the database. By using IoT technology the data

will be continued to the website and LCD which will

display data from heart rate and body temperature.

Figure 1: General Architecture.

2.2 Component

The tools used in this research are Hardware /

Hardware and Software/ Software:

a. Hardware

- ASUS Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU N3350

- Memory 2GB

- Harddisk 500GB

- Arduino UNO

- Raspberry Pi

- LCD

- Pulse Sensor

- Body Temperature ds18b20

b. Software

- Windows 10

- Raspbian Operation System

- Arduino IDE

- Sublime Text

Figure 2 shows the installation of a pulse sensor,

ds18b20 temperature sensor, and LCD on an Arduino

connected to a Raspberry Pi. The components used

are a pulse sensor to detect heart rate, a ds18b20

temperature sensor to detect body temperature and an

LCD to display heart rate and body temperature data.

Figure 2: Heart rate and body temperature monitoring

prototype (External Display).

Figure 3: Heart rate and body temperature monitoring

prototype (Inside Display).

2.3 Database Design

Table 1 shows the design database to collect data

from data sensor. All data sensor will be process in

Implementation and Monitoring Heart Rate and Body Temperature using IoT

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the gateway and saving to database MySQL.

Table 1: List of Database Design.

Id Field Type

Int (5)

heart_rate

Varchar (10)

temp_body

Varchar (10)

time

Timestamp

3 RESULT AND TESTING

After the test preparation is complete, it is carried out

directly on the patient. Testing using all the software

and hardware components required in this study. The

purpose of this test is to see the functionality of the

prototype monitoring of heart rate and body

temperature, and when the test is carried out, it can be

seen whether or not the function of the equipment is

good.

When testing, it can be seen that the prototype

equipment has gone well in accordance with the

design that has been done. The heart rate sensor can

read the heart rate value by placing the index finger

on the pulse sensor and the body temperature sensor

can also read the body temperature value by clamping

the ds18b20 temperature sensor on the armpit, also

the LCD can display the value of heart rate and body

temperature properly. Keep your text and graphic

files separate until after the text has been formatted

and styled. Do not use hard tabs, and limit use of hard

returns to only one return at the end of a paragraph.

Do not add any kind of pagination anywhere in the

paper. Do not number text heads-the template will do

that for you. Figure 4 shows the patient's retrieval of

data

Figure 4: Examination of the patient's heart rate and body

temperature.

Figure 5: Display of heart rate conditions and body

temperature on the website.

Figure 5 shows the results of one minute of data

retrieval by displaying the value of heart rate and

body temperature along with conditions and

descriptions.

Figure 6: Display the patient's temperature on the website.

Figure 6 is a graph display of body temperature in

patients taken for one minute.

Figure 7: Display the patient's heart rate on the website.

Figure 7 shows a graph of the patient's heart rate taken

for one minute.

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Table 2: List of Database Design.

The results of the examination of heart rate and body

temperature conditions were carried out randomly by

involving 5 elderly people as samples taken on July

23, 2020. Examination of heart rate and body

temperature was carried out using a pulse sensor and

a temperature sensor ds18b20. Each examination was

carried out with a duration of one minute.

The value of the calculation results is used as the

value of the patient's heart rate and body temperature

when checked using the pulse sensor and temperature

sensor ds18b20. The values for the patient's heart rate

and body temperature were checked using a pulse

sensor and a temperature sensor ds18b20 can be seen

in Table 3.

Table 3: Comparison of the accuracy heart rate value from

pulse sensor using M4 Smart Watch.

Table 4: Comparison of the accuracy temperature value

from temperature value using digital thermometer.

Based on testing of 5 patients over 60 years of age,

the heart rate data collection used a pulse sensor and

Smart Watch M4 as a comparison, with an average

difference of 8.6 and a percentage of deviation of

9.78. As for data collection at body temperature using

a temperature sensor ds18b20 and a Digital

Thermometer as a comparison, with an average

difference of 0.75 and a percentage of deviation of

2.06.

4 CONCLUSIONS

This paper is able to detect heart rate and body

temperature in the elderly as seen from the trials that

have been conducted by taking samples of two elderly

people over 60 years of age. The pulse sensor

functions as a sensor used to detect heart rate (BPM),

the ds18b20 temperature sensor is used to detect body

temperature and the LCD functions to display the

output of heart rate data and body temperature and

conditions. Displays the value of heart rate and body

temperature on the website after data is taken for one

minute, there are also conditions whether the heart

rate or body temperature is low, normal, or high and

also information / suggestions that heart rate and body

temperature should be done in low conditions,

normal, or high by web-based applications. This

system can help work for hospital staff and can be

used as a reference for future developments.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This research was supported in part by Pusat

Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

(P3M) Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis.

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