Identification of Key Policy Factors for Technological Innovation in

China's New Energy Vehicle Industry based on Complex Network

Model

Qiwei Liu, Wei Le and Benhai Guo

School of economics and management, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China

Keywords: Industrial Policy, Factor Analysis, Modeling Application.

Abstract: At present, the rapid development of China's new energy vehicle industry has put forward new requirements

for the breadth and depth of technological innovation. Combined with the technical status of China's new

energy vehicle industry, the policy of China's new energy vehicle industry was collected and sorted, and

policy text mining was used to mine high-frequency policy words that promote industrial technological

innovation. Therefore, this paper uses UCINET software to construct a symbiosis network model of policy

high-frequency words, identifies key policy factors of technological innovation in the new energy vehicle

industry according to the network topology characteristics, and provides theoretical support for further

analysis of policy-driven industrial technological innovation.

1 INTRODUCTION

As an important measure for the state to guide

industrial transformation and upgrading and promote

industrial sustainable development, industrial policy

needs various policy tools to complement each other

and form a joint force, so as to achieve the purpose of

the policy. Many scholars have conducted in-depth

discussions on this, Li (Li 2021)

found that the

uncertainty of trade policy is positively related to the

effect of scientific and technological R & D, and

government subsidies reduce the strength of this

relationship. Guo (Guo 2021)

used the diamond

model to analyze the correlation of various factors in

China's new energy vehicle industry, and pointed out

that the key to the endogenous development of

subsidy incentive in the post subsidy era depends on

the interaction of various factors. Zhang (Zhang

2021) based on the social system transformation

theory and from a multi-level perspective, proposed a

business model innovation path consistent with

China's new energy vehicle industry. Hanna and

Deborah (Hanna, Deborah, 2018) analyzed the cost

of traditional vehicles, hybrid vehicles and pure

electric vehicles in 14 cities and believed that they

should continue to make efforts in the tax preference

and R & D investment policies of new energy

vehicles. Zhou and Pan (Zhou, Pan, 2019) explored

the marginal benefits of subsidy and tax policies

based on the transaction cost theory, and pointed out

that in order to ensure reasonable market competition,

the industrial policy of new energy vehicles should

change from subsidy policy to tax policy. Xiong and

Li (Xiong, Li, 2019) pointed out that China's new

energy vehicle policy does not match the consumer

market well in the implementation process, and

differentiation policies should be formulated by

region, stage and intensity, so as to promote industrial

development. Chen (Chen 2021) built a dynamic

game model based on system dynamics, analyzed the

impact of subsidy decline on the new energy vehicle

market, and pointed out that under the trend of

subsidy decline, improving their own technological

innovation ability and promoting consumer demand

are the key to ensure the stable development of the

industry.

As an important part of China's strategic emerging

industry, the new energy vehicle industry was faced

with the embarrassing situation of high price, low

quality, high supply and low demand, and the income

could not be internalized in the early stage of

promotion, which led to practical problems such as

low resource allocation and insufficient investment in

independent innovation and R & D. Using

different types of policies to promote industrial

innovation and development has become the primary

Liu, Q., Le, W. and Guo, B.

Identiﬁcation of Key Policy Factors for Technological Innovation in China’s New Energy Vehicle Industry based on Complex Network Model.

DOI: 10.5220/0011157400003440

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management (BDEDM 2022), pages 67-71

ISBN: 978-989-758-593-7

choice of countries all over the world. However,

different types of policies have different focus, and

there are significant differences in the operation

mechanism of promoting industrial development. At

the historical intersection of a new round of scientific

and technological revolution and industrial

innovation reform, clarify the action mechanism and

connotation of new energy vehicle industrial policy,

improve the leading and driving role of industrial

policy system in the development of new energy

vehicle industry, and summarize and analyze the

elements of industrial policy that can not be ignored.

Since the promulgation of the development plan

for energy saving and new energy vehicle industry

(2012-2020), the upstream and downstream of

China's new energy vehicle industry chain has

gradually increased R & D investment, and the

production and sales volume has increased year by

year. So far, China's new energy vehicles have

entered a new stage of promotion and application. At

the same time, the policy orientation of China's new

energy vehicle industry has gradually changed from

selective industrial policy to functional industrial

policy. In this process, how to further promote the

technological innovation and development of China's

new energy vehicle industry and guide the new

energy vehicle industry from the decline of subsidies

to the "upslope" of innovation is very important.

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

There are many upstream and downstream related

industries in the new energy vehicle industry, and all

technical links cooperate closely, gradually forming a

large-scale complex system with multi-body

participation and multi industry linkage development.

The high-quality sustainable development of

complex systems plays a leading role in industrial

development. Technological innovation is the top

priority. It is essential to explore the key factors of

industrial technological innovation. Promoting

industrial technological innovation is not achieved

overnight. We must clarify the system structure of the

fresh energy vehicle industry chain, abstract the

system structure by model, and clarify the key factors

driving technological innovation.

Firstly, the laws, regulations, plans, notices and

other policy texts related to the development of new

energy vehicle industry from 2012 to 2020 are

selected on the website of the Chinese government,

the website of the national development and Reform

Commission, the China new energy vehicle industry

alliance and the national laws and regulations

database, and the comprehensiveness of the policy

texts is ensured through related content retrieval.

Because the local policy is the expansion of the

central policy and has certain regional characteristics,

the policies issued by provinces and cities are

excluded during retrieval. According to the analysis

and comparison of the retrieved policies by China

automotive industry information network and Peking

University magic weapon, eliminate the duplicate and

irrelevant industrial policies, classify the policies

according to different types and different publishing

departments, and preliminarily determine 427

policies related to the new energy vehicle industry.

Then, after intensive reading of the preliminarily

selected industrial policies from the aspects of policy

measures, policy types and policy timeliness, it is

found that a large number of policies mention new

energy vehicles, but there is no substantive planning

for the development of new energy vehicle industry,

and the policy specifications are low. After repeated

discussion with relevant experts and team teachers of

industrial policies, the new energy vehicle industrial

policy database is finally determined, Including the

State Council, the national development and Reform

Commission, the Ministry of public security, the

Ministry of housing and urban rural development, the

Ministry of industry and information technology, the

Ministry of finance, the Ministry of science and

technology, the Ministry of environmental

protection,

the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of

communications, the State Administration of

Taxation, the state energy administration, the State

Administration of quality supervision, inspection and

quarantine, the State Standardization Commission,

the State Grid, the State Railway Administration, the

General Administration of customs, the head office of

the people's Bank of China, the CBRC 105 national

new energy vehicle industry policies issued by more

than 20 departments such as China Automobile

Association. Finally, according to the relevance

between different elements of the policy text, build a

co-occurrence network of technological innovation

policies in the new energy vehicle industry,

systematically analyze the evolution process of

China's new energy vehicle industry policies by

combining quantitative and qualitative methods and

using the topological structure characteristics of the

network, and extract the key policy factors to promote

technological innovation in the new energy vehicle

industry in combination with the new energy vehicle

industry, Lay a theoretical foundation for promoting

the development of industrial technology innovation.

BDEDM 2022 - The International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management

3 RESULT& DISCUSSION

Combined with relevant literature, this paper further

discusses the content of China's new energy vehicle

industry policy from 2012 to 2020 with four

professors in the field of industrial policy and two

experts in the field of technological innovation in the

new energy vehicle industry, determines the element

boundary, and analyzes and summarizes the policy

elements promoting industrial technological

innovation. In order to ensure the scientificity and

effectiveness of policy elements, the existing new

energy vehicle industry policy database is randomly

screened and marked, and finally determined as ten

types of policy elements, namely financial support,

production access, fiscal and tax support, integral

compliance, market supervision, transportation,

infrastructure, achievement incentive, government

procurement and talent support, The classification

and definition of policy elements are shown in table

1.Thus, a co-occurrence matrix of policies to promote

technological innovation in new energy vehicle

industry is constructed, as shown in Table 2.

Table 1: Policy Elements for Promoting Technological

Innovation in China's New Energy Vehicle Industry.

classification definition

Financial

Support

(FS)

Promote the popularization,

application and innovative

development of new energy vehicles

through differentiated loan interest

rates.

Production

Access

(PA)

Adapt to the needs of industrial

development, adjust the access

standards of relevant enterprises in

the upstream, middle and

downstream of the new energy

vehicle industry chain, and guide the

market-oriented transformation of

the industr

Tax Support

(TS)

Promote the promotion, application

and technological development of

China's new energy vehicle industry,

and give certain financial and tax

support to relevant enterprises and

individuals based on the mileage,

battery energy density and other

indicators of new ener

vehicles.

Integral

Compliance

(IC)

Establish a point trading mechanism

to promote the market-oriented

means of energy-saving of traditional

fuel vehicles and innovation of new

ener

vehicle industr

Market

Supervision

(MS)

Product quality and safety

supervision and management,

roduct inspection system,

construction of supervision platform,

setting some technical safety

thresholds, etc.

Transportation

(T)

Increase the promotion and

application of new energy vehicles in

public transportation, leasing,

logistics, ports and other fields, and

implement the right of way priority

policy for new energy vehicles in

some cities.

Infrastructure

(I)

Increase the proportion of

infrastructure construction such as

charging and replacement pile

stations, encourage relevant

enterprises to join the service

operation of charging facilities, and

roaden charging financing channels.

Achievement

Incentive

(AI)

Strengthen the protection of

intellectual property rights,

strengthen the support for scientific

and technological research and

development of new energy vehicle

related technologies, and set up

special projects for scientific and

technological research and

develo

ment.

Government

Procurement

(GP)

Through the purchase of new energy

vehicles by government organs and

public institutions, we will further

strengthen the promotion and

application of new energy vehicles

and promote the accelerated

development of the industry.

Personnel

Support

(PS)

Colleges and universities are

encouraged to set up interdisciplinary

majors related to new energy

vehicles, add relevant research

institutes in the field of new energy

vehicles, and promote the in-depth

integration of industry, University

and research.

Table 2: Co-occurrence Matrix of Policy Elements Driving

Technological Innovation of China's New Energy Vehicle

Industry.

FSTSICPAMS T I AI PSGP

FS 0 7 1 1 1 4 4 2 2 3

TS 7 0 8 6 4 12 18 11 11 7

IC 1 8 0 10 6 8 10 12 13 1

PA 1 6 10 0 4 5 9 11 11 2

MS 1 4 6 4 0 6 6 3 3 3

T 4 12 8 5 6 0 17 12 12 8

I 4 18 10 9 6 17 0 15 14 9

AI 2 11 12 11 3 12 15 0 29 2

PS 2 11 13 11 3 12 14 29 0 1

GP 3 7 1 2 3 8 9 2 1 0

Identiﬁcation of Key Policy Factors for Technological Innovation in China’s New Energy Vehicle Industry based on Complex Network

Model

Use UCINET software to draw the co-occurrence

matrix into the co-occurrence network of policy

elements of China's new energy vehicle industry, as

shown in Figure 1. Among them, the larger the node,

the greater the degree value, that is, the better the

implementation effect of this type of policy elements

in the current new energy vehicle industry policy

system.

Figure 1: Co occurrence network of policy elements of

China's new energy vehicle industry.

It can be seen from Figure 1 that in the co-

occurrence network of China's new energy vehicle

industry policies, the nodes of infrastructure,

achievement incentive and talent support are large,

while the nodes of financial support, government

procurement and market supervision are significantly

smaller than other nodes, which can reflect that China

pays more attention to infrastructure construction

Achievement incentive and talent support promote

industrial technological innovation, while financial

support, government procurement and market

supervision play a small role in promoting industrial

technological innovation.

The co-occurrence relationship of policy elements

in the new energy vehicle industry has been steadily

developed for a long time, and the gradually formed

co-occurrence network can be regarded as a static

complex network. This static co-occurrence network

represents the interaction of policy elements in the

evolution of policy system. The co-occurrence

network of policy elements can be used to measure

the characteristics of network topology (as shown in

table 3) and further analyze the key policy elements

in China's new energy vehicle industry policy.

Table 3: Topology Characteristics of Policy Element Co-

occurrence Network.

Degree

Clustering

coefficient

Effective scale Efficiency

AS 25 8.861 4.069 0.452

TS 84 7.222 4.478 0.498

IC 69 7.639 4.33 0.481

PA 59 7.917 4.268 0.474

MS 36 8.556 4.484 0.498

T 84 7.222 4.456 0.495

I 102 6.722 4.745 0.527

AI 97 6.861 4.111 0.457

PS 96 6.889 4.085 0.454

GP 36 8.556 4.216 0.468

4 CONCLUSIONS

In the co-occurrence network of policy factors, the

node degree indicates the frequency of the role of

policy factors in promoting industrial technological

innovation in the existing policy system. It can be

seen from table III that the degree of infrastructure is

the largest, followed by achievement incentive, talent

support, transportation, fiscal and tax support,

integral compliance, production access market

supervision, government procurement and financial

support. It can be seen that in China's existing new

energy vehicle industry policies, strengthening

infrastructure construction can alleviate the mileage

anxiety of new energy vehicles. The promotion and

application of new energy vehicles can greatly

promote the technological innovation of the current

industry, followed by the incentive of scientific and

technological achievements and talent support,

However, government procurement and financial

support have not shown much in the promotion of

technological innovation in the current policy system.

In the actual network, the high clustering coefficient

leads to the poor robustness of the network

as a whole,

which is not conducive to the development and

evolution of the industrial policy system. It can be

seen that the policy elements of infrastructure

construction, achievement incentive, talent support,

fiscal and tax support, integral compliance and

transportation are more in line with the evolution of

the technological innovation policy system of the new

energy vehicle industry, while government

procurement The performance of financial support

and market supervision is poor, with a fault gap. From

the characteristics of network structure, the effective

scale and efficiency of co-occurrence network can

measure the synergy of different policy factors in the

technological innovation policy system of new

energy vehicle industry. Among them, infrastructure

has the best synergy in the industrial policy system,

followed by fiscal and tax support, transportation,

integral compliance, production access, market

supervision, achievement incentive, talent support

Government procurement and financial support.

BDEDM 2022 - The International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management

According to the analysis of the characteristics of the

comprehensive network structure, infrastructure is

the most important factor in the technological

innovation policy system of the new energy vehicle

industry, and there are many fault gaps in financial

support, government procurement and market

supervision compared with other policy factors.

Therefore, through the analysis of the co-occurrence

network, it is found that infrastructure, transportation,

achievement incentive, talent support, fiscal and tax

support Integration compliance and production

access are key policy elements to promote industrial

technological innovation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

General project of National Natural Science

Foundation of China (72074200).

Key project of student scientific research plan of

China Jiliang University (2020X24061).

National Social Science Foundation of China

(18BJY071).

Zhejiang Province basic scientific research

business support project (2021YW93).

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Identiﬁcation of Key Policy Factors for Technological Innovation in China’s New Energy Vehicle Industry based on Complex Network

Model