The Correlation of the Main Circle of Roles and Career Anchors of
the Modern Woman
Zoia Miroshnyk and Yuliia Maier
Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogy University, Gagarin Avenue, 54, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine
Keywords: Modern Woman, Role, Circle of Roles, Career, Career Anchors.
Abstract: In the article the peculiarities of the studying the notion “role” in psychology has been researched
theoretically. The peculiarities of the circle of roles have been studied in the article. In the work peculiarities
of studying of the notion “role” in psychology has been researched, and also the set of the main roles has been
shown. The level of the role lack and excess of modern woman has been found out. The level of realization
and importance of the roles and the level of her satisfaction according to the formed circle of have been
analyzed. Modern professional motives and the values of the modern woman in career rising. The correlation
between the formed circle of roles of modern woman and career anchors are defined.
1 INTRODUCTION
At the modern point of society development the issue
of studying the psychological peculiarities of a
modern woman, her motivational sphere in the way
of reaching the career, and the spectrum of roles,
which the woman is ready to accept, raised sharply.
The woman mother, the woman-safer of house place
of fire are all the roles which complete with the role
of business woman, professional.
However, modern woman saves her “house role”,
but she proves that she can embody herself in any
business, economics, creative, state activity.
According to data of the State Ukrainian statistics
service, in 2020 the proportion of women on
managing positions is 46%. The development of
modern society gives an opportunity to watch gradual
increasing of amount of the women in government;
especially they are in charge of Ministry departments.
Nowadays women organize their own business,
they are the founders or co-founders, offer different
courses in different spheres of life and they are the
main speakers at science and practical conferences.
This is the confirmation of the fact that in modern
society there are not only men but the women become
managers and leaders, breaking the stereotypes about
the roles of a woman in society and adding to different
spheres of life new changes and their own vision.
Gradually society is going away from the
accepted role of the home keeper by the woman in the
past. And e new vision of a woman appears, a woman-
manager, a woman-professional, a woman in charge.
They master different spheres easily. All the sciences
and technologies obey to them, they can control
everything. It provides mastering of new social roles,
the acceptance and using them in woman’s life. The
essential part in building of woman’s career, play
professional motives and values. Building on her own
career anchors, a woman accepts and brings to life
new social roles in different spheres of activity.
In that way the peculiarities of the formed role
circle and career anchors of a modern woman are
urgent issue nowadays, and the solving of which will
help to understand the peculiarities of woman’s career
prospects and realization of her professional aims to
be achieved.
The aim of our article is to identify the
peculiarities the modern woman role circle and to
emphasize the interrelationships with professional
orientation and motives.
2 BACKGROUND
2.1 Studying the Role
The notion “role” got a wide usage in 1920-1930s. G.
Midd (Midd, 1934) and R. Linton (Linton, 1936) are
considered to be the founders of this notion. Further
the notion “role’ was studied by E. Weber, E
Durkheim, R. Park. After some time, the theory of
Miroshnyk, Z. and Maier, Y.
The Correlation of the Main Circle of Roles and Career Anchors of the Modern Woman.
DOI: 10.5220/0011357300003350
In Proceedings of the 5th International Scientific Congress Society of Ambient Intelligence (ISC SAI 2022) - Sustainable Development and Global Climate Change, pages 355-362
ISBN: 978-989-758-600-2
Copyright
c
 2022 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
355

roles found its reflection in the researches by T.
Parsons, R. Murton, Ch. Kuli. After some time the
role theory found its continuation in the researches by
Т. Parsons, Р. Мerton, Ch. Kuli, J. Murr, А. Taller, Т.
Shibutani, Е. Bern, Т. Sarbin, Г. Blommer, E.
Hoffman and others.
It is important to point out that the notion “role”
in Ukrainian psychology became the subject of
interest for many scientists. We can emphasize G.
Andreeva, L Bozhovych, P. Gornostay, I. Kon, Z.
Miroshnyk, N. Korabliova, L. Karamushky, V.
Fedorchuk and others among them.
The reason of their interest of the personal role
was big amount of discussions among researchers
about how the position of the individual in society
defines his behavior. And in what way individual
behavior can influence on his/her position in society.
Exactly, the opening of this question aroused interest
in the roles among the researchers, which an
individual do in certain social position.
As we have emphasized, the first person who
began to consider the role theory of personality is
Georg Herbert Midd, emphasizing the birth and
formation of personal self. G. Midd points that a
person constantly interacts with society accepting its
norms and rules. That is why the prediction of its
behavior in different conditions is impossible. It is
necessary to point out that a person is a model of those
interrelationships, which repeat more often in his/her
life. Communicating with other people, bringing to
life different roles, the personality becomes certain
unit of those roles, which she or he tries on all the
time. According to the Mid’s “Role is a social
function of the personality: appropriate way of
people’s behavior depending on his/her position in
society and the status to the accepted norms” (Midd,
1934).
Social roles are thought to consider in the three
dimensions:
1) Sociological (the system of role
expectations, given by society certain role
model);
2) Social-psychological (the playing of the
role);
3) Psychological (inner, imaginary role, which
cannot always be realized)
(Mid, 1934).
An important part in the role theory is emphasized
as “acceptance of the role of the other”. Ties notion is
understood as imagining of herself on the other
person’s place that she interacts with in certain period
of time and the understanding of the other person’s
role behavior. Without such appropriates there cannot
be interaction, the influence on each other and a
person cannot become a social being, realize
importance and responsibility of their own actions
and deeds.
Based on the results of the research of the role
theory, we can say that self-conscientious of an
individual is developing at the moment when he/she/
can see him/herself the same as everybody else
(Groisman, 1979).
The founder of psychodrama and sociometry
famous psychiatrist social psychologist and
psychotherapist Jacob Moreno emphasized the fact
that the word “role” has Latin origin (rotulus) and it
has the translation “roll”, which was used in Ancient
Greece for writing the texts for prompters.
I am Moreno and I emphasize that every person
consists of certain set of the roles. Among such roles
the scientist separated: somatic (or psychosomatic)
roles, which are conditioned by the needs and
emotions of a person, psychic roles which widen the
sphere of emotions of a person, social roles which
develop in the structure of social interaction;
integrative (transcendental) roles, which are called for
transferring of a person to the general view of the
world (Andreeva & Bogomolova, 2001).
I.S. Kon points out that there is no single
definition of the notion “role” and emphasizes that
the role is not a certain aspect of behavior, livelihoods
of a person which cannot be named organic itself and
it is considered as unreal, outer and different from the
true one. To be in the role, in her opinion, means to
play, pretend, imagine and realize artificiency of our
own behavior (Kon, 1970).
In his turn, T. Shabutani differentiates two types
of roles – conventional and personal. The
conventional role is characterized as certain
suggested pattern of behavior which is expected from
a person in certain situation. Interpersonal roles are
defined with interaction of people with each other.
Further T. Shibutani suggests the notion: “role-
playing” and “role-accepting”. Role-playing is a kind
of person’s behavior organization which is
appropriate to social norms and role-accepting is
certain demand to the person, according to which
she/he needs to imagine him/herself on other person’s
place, to tend imagining how exactly she/he looks
with somebody’s else eyes.
The majority of the roles which a person accepts
are personally insignificant for him/her. We can point
out the role of a pedestrian among them, the role of a
buyer and so on. The absence or presence of such
roles can be considered by a person unnoticly without
paying attention and putting a part of him/herself. At
the same time few other roles which are exactly
connected with its main position are considered as a
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part of oneself. Losing of these roles can be
considered by a person as inner tragedy (Shibutani,
1998).
Every person has a lot of positions with the
appropriate spectrum of roles each. Role aggregate,
which is suitable for certain social position, is called
role spectrum. Based on this, it can be said that in
society does a lot of social roles. Taking it into
account the fact which was pointed out by Shibutani,
there is an opportunity of role conflict occurrence.
Role conflict is a collision of role demands
suggested to a person by society provoked by an
opportunity to do al roles simultaneously and it is one
of the role stress kinds (Shibutani, 1999).
In his worksВ V.O. Yadov accentuates on the fact
that the personal role theory is the theory where a
personality is characterized by realized and accepted
(or having to fulfill) by him/her social role functions
determined by social position or social group (Yadov,
1995).
L.I. Bozhovych studying the forming of
personality in childhood, consider “role as a
mechanism of socialization”. Referring to foreign
psychologists’’ studies who study the process of
socialization, she opens the sense of the main notions
of the role theory, using the following example: a
person takes certain position in society and the set of
the rights and duties is connected with it. Based on it,
society can be seen as a system of interacting
positions and a position is a structurally organized
unit of society. Role in this interpretation means
aggregate of actions which are done by the subject of
realization of the taken position (Bozhovych, 2008).
This position is connected not only with the action
system but with the expectation system too. The
person who takes this or that position, is expected the
appropriate actions by the surrounding. And the
person itself expects certain attitude to him/herselfІ.
Role is organized actions about fulfilling and the
position is expectation system (Bozhovych, 2008).
In his works P. Hornostai characterized role
position as a place in certain system of social
relationships, where social functions change all the
time. In Hornostai’s opinion the personal role theory
is based on the notion “locus of role conflict” which
defines the main strategy of person’s behavior in role
development condition (Hornostai, 2005).
The main contribution in research of the personal
role theory was done by Z.M.Miroshnyk. Solving the
problem of the elementary teacher’s professional role,
the author made an accent on the fact that the main
meaning of the roles, which a teacher fulfills and the
role personal structure is the main aim which should
be realized in the process of preparing of a real
professional. The role structure of a person is a
psychological creation where role profiles are
integrated in constructive models of behavior. The
range and the number of roles are defined with variety
of social groups, different activities and relationships
where a personality is involved and also with needs
and interests (Miroshnyk, 2009).
We should pay attention to the research by L.
Karamushky who suggested to unite social roles in to
two groups:
- Professional-functional roles;
- Social roles.
The first ones are connected with doing only
professional activity, the others are characterized with
person’s activity in other spheres (family, art etc.).
At the same time the author emphasized that both
professional-functional and social roles can be varied
by themselves (active and passive, group and
individual, formal or informal, situational or long-
term) (Karamushka, 2003).
Analyzing theoretical basis studying the
phenomenon of the role we can conclude, that role is
considered as perception, kind of activity, behavior,
imagination, stereotype, social function and even set
of certain norms.
3 OUR CONTRIBUTION
3.1 The Circle of the Main Roles of
Modern Woman
For defining of the repertoire of the modern woman’s
role range, the methodology “Circle of the main
personal roles” has been used by us (Kulikov, 2002).
This methodology allows defining the consistence of
the main personal roles, their importance, degree of
realization, connections between them, and
satisfaction with the personality role circle.
146 women took part in the research of the age of
30 to 40 years old living in Krivyi Rih, Ukraine.
Analyzing of the research results for the methodology
“Circle of the main personal roles” allows us to
separate the main roles of modern woman and
compare the peculiarities playing roles by a woman,
the importance of each:
The Correlation of the Main Circle of Roles and Career Anchors of the Modern Woman
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Table 1: The circle of the main personal roles.
The most frequent roles Role load Importance of
role
Mother 100% 100%
Wife 98% 96%
Dau
g
hte
r
94% 89%
Frien
d
74% 69%
Love
r
54% 32%
Housekeeper (cleaner,
cook etc
)
49% 44%
Roles in
p
rofession 75% 74%
Roles of the position 52% 39%
Roles of user/owne
r
13% 5%
Creativity 15% 67%
Significant roles for a woman are role of mother,
wife and daughter i.e roles in family relationships.
These roles are played almost by all volunteers. The
results means that it doesn’t depend on development
of modern society, its orientation on the woman-
professional, woman-careerist, the main and steady
roles for women are still the roles in family
relationships.
The role of professions doesn’t have the first place
according to the criteria of its playing, but they are
important for modern women. These results are
conditioned with the fact that modern woman tends to
professional development, her own career prospects,
actively promotes it and that’s why the mentioned
roles are close to important. The roles in a profession
for a woman become a priority approaching to
historically accept important, roles in family
relationships. It is necessary to point out that data of
role load and importance of roles in profession almost
the same (75%, 74% approximately). It means that
woman accepts not only professional roles, plays
them and thinks of them as important ones, significant
for herself and her development.
We think it is necessary to pay attention to the
roles in creative sphere. The importance of these roles
is much higher than permanent playing of them. It
means that woman wants to develop herself in
creative activity, to pay attention to her hobby but the
permanent of playing these roles is very low. Taking
into account received data in other kinds of roles we
can see this role load of modern woman where she is
a mother, a wife, and housekeeper, professional. And
her source is not enough for realization of the roles in
her own creativity, entertainment. It can be cause by
the lack of free time, finance or a lack of body and
mind strengths.
In our research we think it is important to pay
attention to the emotions, which a woman feels during
playing some roles. 90% of female volunteers
connect the role-playing in family connections with
such positive emotions as love, care, support,
warmness among the negative emotions wasting a lot
of time, “unsupported” from their close people and
self-responsibility. It can be explained in the way that
a woman nature is a housekeeper, she tires to create
warm relationships in her family an she waits for
appropriate attitude from close people, which she
cannot get from her husband or children all the time.
Exactly these thinks make her feel negative emotions.
The roles of a cleaner, a housekeeper, a cook are
done by 49% of female volunteers. Importance of this
role for a woman is really high, close to role-playing
frequency. It was found out that this role-playing
make woman feel incontinence, irritability to
domestic roles. Coming to historical analyzing of
women’s role positions, we can make a conclusion
that the woman who made her rights equal with
man’s, tends to have her responsibilities, especially
housework, to be shared. A man does not agree with
such sharing, accepting mostly professional roles and
supporting roles. In this case a woman does not get
the help she wants, domestic roles take a lot of time,
which automatically makes it less for realization of
the other roles, as important for a woman
(professional, creative etc.), which makes them feel
negative emotions due to playing this role.
To analyze data of role lack and excess we can tell
about the fact that the majority of women (89%) feel
the lack of role-playing. The reason of the role-
playing lack can be doing of the roles, which a woman
consider as significant ones but she does not get
positive emotions from them and at the same time she
cannot refuse doing them.
Among the most frequent roles which a woman
would like to realize, an actress, an artist, a
photograph, a dancer, a traveler can be named. The
majority of wanted roles is creative or requiring
additional free time, expanses and separation (may by
part-time) from role-playing in family, friendly and
professional relations.
According to the role excess it was found out that
a housekeeper, a councilor, a manager role
predominate. The women, who play certain number
of roles, in different categories, and continue to play
new roles, feel that the role spectrum is overfilling
and a woman cannot play a big amount of roles at the
same time or change them. Exactly at that time she
chooses certain priorities, trying to refuse earlier
accepted roles. The woman, who choosse art, self-
development, professional development, her own
career prospects as her priority, gradually feels
negative emotions to her housekeeper role.
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The conflict role index proves similar tendency,
where the respondents named the roles which
interrupt them from playing the other ones. The
majority of the volunteers (88%) points out that the
professional roles and the roles of working position
prevent them from doing the family or firmly roles.
87% of women point out that the role of a mother or
a wife conflicts with the professional or working
position role (88%).
In the role circle of a modern woman there are
both harmonic and disharmonic role relations. The
role of a mother and a wife are pointed out by 100%
of women, saving positive emotions and the role-
playing. But the interest tendency and woman’s
desire to play professional roles and development
occurs. Simultaneous doing of the mentioned
categories can lead to their further conflict.
3.2 Anchors
Success is important for any person and it can be
introduced in different spheres of person’s activity,
among which there can be pointed out the stage of
self-development, professional achievements a life
success.
To identify the major professional motives,
studying the system of valuable orientations of a
modern woman, her social values towards career and
job the methodology by E. Schein “Career anchors”
(Schein, 1966).
Based on the results of the methodology we can
conclude that the most appropriate career value
development orientation is is integration of lifestyles
(index 8.3) and autonomy, independence for the
described women (index 7.9).
The women who choose as a daily routine priority
lifestyle integration are characterized with associating
of career with general lifestyle, equalize people’s,
family and career needs. They aim organizational
relationships to reflect the respect to their personal and
family problems. They build career development in
such way that it wouldn’t disturb their usual lifestyle.
It is important for them to have balance in everything
– career, family, personal interests.
Women who choose the autonomy (independence)
during building of their career think that the most
important thing for work is liberty and independence.
Such kind of people tries to free themselves from
organizational rules, orders and limits, because they
have difficulties with the strict rules and norms,
procedures, working day and discipline. They choose
to do everything in their own way, pace and their own
standards. These people do not let professional
activity to interfere their personal life, therefore they
are willing to build independent career in their own
way. The most significant task of career development
is an opportunity to work independently, to decide
where, when, how and what to do for achieving their
aims. Career for these people is a way to realize their
freedom. The lowest results have shown by the
volunteers according to the job stability criteria (index
7,2). These women choose steady reliable job for a
long period. They aim to feel safety, defense and an
opportunity to predict their lives with a minimal risk
to lose their job. These people often associate their job
with their career, limiting their choice of career in this
way. Short term projects and companies which
appeared short time ago which do not have stability
and certain reputation, will not make them interested.
They appreciate social guaranties, which an employer
can offer and as a rule a place of work is chosen in
relation with the long term contract and steady
position of the company at the market.
Almost at the same level for the volunteers is
service (index 6.6) and a company (index 6,7).
The volunteers, who choose a company as the
main professional motive, want to create new
organizations, goods, services. These people like to
create new organizations, goods or to offer their own
services, which will be associated with efforts of this
person. To work for others and to be employees is
difficult for these women. The career aim is creating
of something new; organizing of personal business,
bringing ideas to life which completely belongs to
people. In their opinion, the top of the career is their
own business.
Those volunteers, who chose as their main motive
service, try to bring to life the ideals and values at
work. These people try to realize the main values in
their professional life. They want to be useful for other
people and society, to see the result of their work, even
if they are not material. Having an opportunity to use
their talents and experience on effectively their
maximum is really important for realization of
socially important aim. It is difficult for them to work
in the organization which does not fit their values.
It is needed to emphasize that the lowest index was
found out according to the place of living stability
(index 4.2). These results mean that at current society
development stage a woman is ready to build her own
career without orientation on certain place of living,
she is ready to move to other city or country easily.
These women won’t stay in one place when they have
an opportunity to get a promotion or to realize
themselves in career prospects beyond the place of
living.
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3.3 Interrelations between the Roles
and Career Anchors of a Modern
Woman
The next stage of analyzing was to identify significant
correlation relations between methodologies “Circle
of the main personal roles” and ”Career anchors”,
with help of Pirson’s correlation analysis.
The first significant correlation relation among
the mentioned methodologies was identified between
the scales “Professional competence” and A3 (role
excessiveness) (r= -0,342, at р<0,01). Professional
competence means aiming of a person to improve in
certain activity sphere develop his abilities in it
exactly. It is conditions narrower role circle which
will be accepted and realized by a person in
professional activity due to their orientation to the
activity. Realizing the roles in one kind of
professional activity, a woman does not overfill her
role spectrum, and at the same time she feels much
lower role excessiveness.
According to the scale reverse correlation relation
has been found with the scale A7 (conflicting of the
roles) (r= -0,472, at р<0,01). We can conclude if a
woman is oriented to develop her professional
abilities in certain sphere and her professional roles
connected with this activity, so a possibility of role
conflict appearing is much lower, than among the
women who are in professional search and try
different professional roles.
The reverse correlation relation was found
between the scales “Management” and A1 (role load)
(r= -0,779, at р<0,01). This result gives us the basis
to talk about the fact that a woman who oriented to
the role of management in her career, who wants to
control everything and oriented to effort integration
of other people, accepts this role mostly. These
women often choose professional roles of this
category refusing other roles. That is why woman’s
role load with management orientation will not reach
high level due to low role range, and it is connected
mostly with professional roles.
Direct functional connections are found between
the scale “Autonomy (independence)” and the
methodology scale “Main role circle”.
So direct correlation relation according to the
scale A6 (realization role deficiency) (r=0,365, at
р<0,05). This interrelation can mean that choosing as
priority direction of building the career relieving from
organizational rules, orders and limits a modern
woman tries to realize (simultaneously or gradually)
certain number of professional roles, choosing their
“own”, orienting to the values in career. She tries not
to realize the professional roles which do not satisfy
a modern woman’s needs, and a desire to accept other
new roles appears. In this case a desire to fill her role
base becomes strong, that is why high level of
realization deficiency can be seen.
The conscience of the described correlation
relation is a direct functional relation “Autonomy”
with the scale A7 (role conflict) (r=0,758, at р<0,01).
Searching for independence in building of career a
modern woman is oriented to the sphere where she
will be able to do plenty of roles. A woman realizes
the role of a boss and employee, a secretary, an
accountant and others. In the same sphere she takes
many role positions, both enrich her role base and
overfill it. Taking into account, that the woman with
these motives can change kind of professional activity
in her career, so her role load becomes higher.
Different roles change or complete one another, and
it can become the catalyst for role conflict appearing.
The more a woman tries to organize her professional
activity autonomously, the higher possibility of the
conflict is.
Between the scales “work steady” and A1 (role
load) a reverse correlation relation has been found (r=
-0,587, при р<0,01). The woman, who chooses
steady reliable work for long period, tries to find
protection, confidence and opportunity of predicting
her professional activity. These women often
associate their work with the career and put the
responsibility for their career on their employer. That
is who, the roles which a woman plays, are often
connected with that sphere. They are settled and
cannot be completed by others, because a woman
does not have a wish of new knowledge. Woman role
base does not fill and role load does not reach high
level.
Reverse functional relation has been found
between the scale “Stability of job” and the scale A2
(role lack) (r= -0,647, at р<0,01). Choosing the place
of work, the woman with stability orientation, tries to
get long term contract and steady position in the
company, permanent job. In this case she accepts and
realizes professional roles according to that sphere
where she plans to spend long time. She realizes all
professional roles but taking into account that fact
that the motive is a permanent job, and she does not
try to study and realize new professional roles. That
is why with a high motivation job stability index, a
woman does not have desire to realize the roles
beyond the professional sphere and she does not feel
or feels a lack of roles on a low level.
This is connected with the reverse correlation
relation which was found by us according the scale
A6 (role realization deficiency) (r= -0,362, at
р<0,05). “Steady” woman realizes her certain
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professional roles all the time, giving them
importance. New roles in professional activity do not
appear, maybe the roles which accepted before are
completed and modernized. That is why a woman
does not feel the role realization lack because she
realizes all her roles steadily.
According to this the reverse correlation relation
with the index A7 (role conflict) (r= -0,368, at
р<0,05). The modern woman who chose a steady job
according to her professional motives, does her
professional roles steadily. In such permanent
situation where all roles functioning together for long
time, there is no role conflict because there are no new
roles.
One direct functional connection has been found
between the scales “Job stability” and A5 (realization
role level) (r=0,398, at р<0,05). Coming back to
analyzing previous connections of the stability scale
we can talk about the fact that woman role-playing
which oriented on this criteria in building the career
directed to certain professional activity narrowly.
These roles are settled, doing by her all the time. So,
strong effort to stability conditions satisfaction
realization role level.
Similar reverse correlation relations have been
found between the scale “Service” and the index of
methodology “Main personal role circle”.
So, the reverse functional connection of the scale
with index A1 (role load) (r= -0,461, at р<0,01)
means that choosing your personal ideals and values
at work, you can realize only those roles which suit
them. Without will to play other roles, which do not
fit their value orientation, women do not get certain
role load. At the same time the reverse correlation
relations has been found with index A2 (role lack) (r=
-0,396, at р<0,05). This result means that having a
desire in professional activity to do something useful
for society according to you ideals and accepting only
appropriate roles, women do not feel role lack,
because accepting of other roles can be unwilling or
inappropriate for them.
That is why the reverse correlation relation occurs
between “Service” and index A6 (realization role
deficiency) (r= -0,325, at р<0,05). Playing the roles
which give opportunity to use the talents and
experience for realization social important aim very
effectively, the women do not feel role deficiency,
because other roles can conflict with their ideals, so
they cannot realize them.
Direct correlation relation has been found
between the scale “Challenge” and index А3 (role
excessiveness) (r=0,351, at р<0,05). Career for these
women is a challenge to their professionalism and
they are always ready to take it, changing and
realizing different roles at the same time. But modern
life is unpredictable and every challenge demands a
change from a woman of her role position. Something
new, different and challenging is very significant and
when they change their own choice of roles every
time for fighting with obstacles, a woman can feel
being fed up with them.
Based on the results of the analyzing we can see
the direct and reverse relations between peculiarities
of role position and of modern woman and her
motives and orientation in career development.
4 CONCLUSIONS
The notion “role” has become the subject of the
studying of the scientists since ХХ century and it was
described in foreign and native scientific works.
Under the social role the set of actions is
understood which a person has to do, who has certain
position in social system. Personal social roles are
observed in three dimensions: sociological, as a
system of role expectations, i.e. the model which is
defined by society, which is really important for
forming personality and mastering social roles;
social-psychological as role-playing and realization
of interpersonal interaction; psychological as inner or
imaginary role, which is always realized in role
behavior, but it can influence on it in certain way. The
role is considered as expectation, kind of activity,
behavior, impression, stereotype, social function and
even a choice of certain norms.
For defining the consistence of the main personal
roles of modern woman (their number, significance,
realization level and characteristics of relations
between them), personal satisfaction with the role
circle the methodology “The main personal role
circle” designed by L. Kulikov was used. The results
have shown that the most significant and always done
roles for women are mother, daughter and wife, the
family roles.
Significant for modern women are roles from
professional activity. At the same time the index of
professional role significance and realization are
close which proves that a modern woman is oriented
to career development.
According to the study results we have defined
that significance of the roles connected with art and
entertainment is much higher than their playing. It
proves that women try to develop themselves in
different spheres but today realization of these roles
is not high enough.
The Correlation of the Main Circle of Roles and Career Anchors of the Modern Woman
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Analysis of women roles shows that family roles
recall positive emotions but domestic roles and
housework recall the negative ones.
Having analyzed role indexes of role lack and role
excessiveness, we have found that majority of women
feel lack of roles. Modern women tend to realization
and self-development.
The found peculiarities of relations between
methodology scales “Main role circle” and “Career
anchors”.
Direct correlation relations are found between the
scales “Autonomy(independence)” and realization
role deficiency; Autonomy and conflicting of the
roles; “Job stability” and the level of role realization;
“Challenge and role excessiveness”.
Reverse functional relations and the scales: “Job
stability” and role load; “Job stability” and role lack;
“Job stability” and role realization deficiency; “Job
stability” and role conflict; “Service” and role load;
“Service” and role realization role deficiency.
Analysis and generalization of the results proves
the necessity of strengthen of attention to the problem
of role position of modern woman in conditions of
career prospects. Design of developing program of
role position forming in career prospects conditions is
planned in the future. One of the conditions will be
creating of appropriate conditions and psychological
support organization.
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