Irrigation Pump with Generating Source Solar Based Electricity

Internet of Things

I Ketut Parti, Ni Wayan Rasmini and I Nyoman Sukarma

Department of Electrical Engineering, Bali State Polytechnic, Indonesia

Keywords: Solar Water Pump, Renewable Energy, IoT-Based.

Abstract: One of the uses of Solar Power Plants (PLTS) used in the agricultural irrigation sector is "Modeling Irrigation

Pumps with PLTS Based on Internet Of Things (IoT)", in Subak Kance Tegeh, Selanbawak Village, district

Tabanan, Subak kance tegeh whose irrigation is supplied from Tukad yeh Sungi, but 10 hectares of rice fields

geographically higher cannot be reached by air, because it is located about 4 meters above the current water

flow, as a result of water shortage in Peranian agriculture it cannot be done optimally. during the dry season,

and from information obtained from subak kance tegeh, during the dry season, 10 ha of agricultural land

cannot be planted with rice due to drought. The amount of loss due to drought every 1 Rp = 150,000, losses

due to drought range from Rp = 150,000 x 100 x 10 = 150,000,000. To overcome this in one harvest, build a

pump.

1 INTRODUCTION

Domestic Industry and the agricultural sector, to

maintain macroeconomic health to reduce social and

environmental impacts arising from fossil energy

generation.

In the field of renewable energy utilization, many

system models are used, namely to maintain a better

quality of agricultural production. One application of

a pump irrigation system with a solar power plant is

in Subak

Kance Tegeh in Selanbawak, Marga District,

Tabanan Regency, Bali Province (Imam Sanjaya o et

al., 2019) (V BS et al., 2015) (Ali R and Shah MA .,

2018).

Subak Kance Tegeh is one of the subaks located

in Marga Sub district, Tabanan District. Subak Kance

tegeh with an area of 120 hectares which is fed by

water from the Yeh Sungi but not all topography gets

water flow because 10 hectares of rice fields are

above about 4 m from the existing water flow, from

10 hectares of rice fields there is no water flow, so

automatically dry season cannot produce agricultural

products due to drought. (Kumara I et al., ) (Sari DP

et al., 2020).

To overcome this, namely by engineering the

installation of a water pump with PLTS will be able

to overcome this, besides that this facility can be

easily operated by subak members, and also

maintenance costs are economical, therefore the

application of PLTS Solar Power Generation

Technology (PLTS) saves energy by utilizing the

potential of solar energy available on site is the right

solution. PLTS or better known as solar cells

(Photovoltaic) is used as an energy source to drive a

pump. The use of PLTS as an alternative energy

source is increasing from year to year, especially in

Indonesia, from the use of PLTS for small-scale to

large-scale energy sources. In general, the

performance of a solar water pump can run well if it

gets enough solar radiation. so that the

implementation of solar water pumps has very

promising potential. Based on these problems,

research was conducted on the utilization of Solar

Power Plants (PLTS) which are used as an energy

source to drive pumps in Subak Kance Tegeh, so that

irrigation water discharge increases (Hamzah SR et

al., 2019) (Hossain MA et al., 2014).

2.1 PLTS Centralized Solar Power Generation

System (From the Grid). is a power generation system

that utilizes solar radiation without being connected

to the PLN network or in other words the only source

of electricity generation only uses radiation with the

help of solar power. panels or solar panels cell.

photovoltaic to be able to generate the system.

One of the advantages of the off-grid system when

compared to the on-grid system is that it can still

Parti, I., Rasmini, N. and Sukarma, I.

Irrigation Pump with Generating Source Solar Based Electricity Internet of Things.

DOI: 10.5220/0011713000003575

In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2022), pages 89-93

ISBN: 978-989-758-619-4; ISSN: 2975-8246

provide electricity in the event of a power outage

from PLN. However, this system has a downside may

not be able to meet the total electricity demand given

the cost and volume of the battery can be very high.

Communal PV mini-grid requires more complex

equipment and costs higher than communal PV mini-

grid. The main components of an off-grid system are

solar panels, charge controllers, inverters, and

batteries. The inverter used in the off-grid system is

different from the on-grid system. In the off-grid

inverter system used is an inverter with two-way

capability so that it can charge the battery and drain

electricity from the battery for use in the load.

Figure 1:PLTS Of grid system.

On-grid solar power generation system.

On-grid solar panel system or PLTS Grid-Tie

System is a system that works directly on solar

panels. This technological system does not use

batteries, and the electricity generated is directly used

for various purposes. The electricity produced is AC

so that this on-grid solar panel can be applied together

with the PLN network. If there is an excess of power,

the electric power will be sold to PLN if at night the

power used comes from PLN.

This on-grid system of solar power plants is

suitable for application in the field by utilizing the

roof as a space to absorb solar energy. This system, if

installed with PLN, will reduce electricity costs

(Almanda D et al., 2020 ).

An interconnected PLTS system (On-Grid) or

what is called a Grid-Connected PV System is a

power generation system that utilizes solar radiation

to generate electricity. As the name implies, this

system will utilize the PLN network by optimizing

the use of solar energy through solar modules or

photovoltaic modules that generate as much

electricity as possible. This system is also considered

environmentally friendly and emission-free. The

interconnected PLTS system is also a green energy

solution for the community, both offices, and

housing, which aims to reduce electricity bills from

PLN and can provide added value for its owners



(Septiadi D et al.,2009).(REGA MSN et al., 2021)

Figure 2: PLTS On grid system.

Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely applied

over the last few years 5. The technology it self gives

freedom to the users for free or paid terms for internet

cloud memory usage. IoT is physical things that talk

to each other connected to wired and wireless

networks,6 through application programming

interfaces (APIs). IoT is used not only for the field of

consumer electronics and appliances but also in many

other fields such as smart city, healthcare, smart

home, smart car, smart grid systems, and many other

industrial applications. As many hybrid rooftop

photovoltaic wind turbine systems increase in

existing grids, there is an increased time to no real

power generation to optimize total performance and

to maintain grid and power output.

2 METHODS

The materials used in this research are PLTS off grid

specifications as follows:

Specification:

1. Solar Panel 300 x2 600 WP

2. Dc-dc up/down Converter 10A 12volt DC 30 A

3. SCC 40A/12/24volt.

4. Inverter 3000 watt /12 volt

5. Battry 100 x 3 = 300 AH VRLA

6 Arduino Uno

7. Esp 8266

8. Sensor tegangan dan arus

9 Motor Pump 400 watt

10 Distribution panel

11 Mcb ac

12 Mcb dc

iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

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Figure 3: Irrigation pump system with PLTS Off Grid Base

IoT.

Working diagram of the image above:

1. Sunlight that falls on the solar panel will be

converted into voltage and current flows through the

SCC (solar charger controller). At SCC the voltage is

to be controlled so that it can be stable 2. At SCC the

battery charging is regulated so that the charging can

be more optimal.

2. To operate the pump, the power from the battery

will make an inverter, from the inverter the DC

voltage will be converted to a voltage of 220 Volts ac

because the pump load requires a voltage of 220 volts.

3. To be able to monitor the voltage generated from

the solar panel, the voltage is controlled by Arduino

by installing a voltage sensor at the output of the solar

panel and a current sensor, as well as the output

voltage from the inverter.

4. connection, we can monitor the flow wirelessly

with the installation of Esp 8266, we can do this

monitoring in real-time.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Voltage measurement of no-load solar power plants.

Measurements are made on the output of the solar

panel and the voltage that has been flowed to the dc-

dc converter, this is done to see how effectively it can

stabilize the voltage. Produced by solar panels

Table 1: solar panel voltage measurement and

converter dc-dc output.

Measurement 10 May 2022

Table 1: Measurements May 10, 2022.

Hour Vout PV

(volt)

V out Dc-dc

conveter( Volt)

10:00 16.5 12

10:10 16.5 12

10:20 16.5 12

10:30 17 12

10:40 17 12

10:50 17 12

11:00 17 12

11:10 17.5 12

11:20 17.5 12

11:30 17.5 12

11:40 17.5 12

11:40

18 12

11:50

18 12

12:00

16.5 12

Figure 4: Characteristics of the voltage function of time.

From the above characteristics, the voltage generated

from the solar panel is a minimum of 16 volts dc and

a maximum of 18 volts dc and after being exposed to

a dc-dc voltage, the stabilized voltage becomes 12

volts dc where the voltage will work as a voltage out

of the dc-dc voltage to 12 volts dc.

10:10

10:20

10:30

10:40

10:50

11:00

11:10

11:20

11:30

11:40

11:50

12:00

Voltage

time

VoutPVVolt(A)16.5

VoutDc‐Dcconveter(volt)(A)12

Irrigation Pump with Generating Source Solar Based Electricity Internet of Things

Table 2: Measurements May 20, 2022.

Figure 5: Characteristics of the voltage function of time.

From the above characteristics, the voltage

generated from the solar panel is a minimum of 9

volts dc and a maximum of 18 volts dc after obtaining

a dc-dc conversion, the voltage is stabilized to 12

volts dc, where the converter will work as a voltage

amplifier when the voltage is 9 volts where the output

voltage from dc-dc converter to an average of 11.5

volts. serves as a voltage when the solar panel voltage

is 12 volts dc until the voltage reaches 18 volts dc so

that the output voltage of the dc-dc converter

becomes 12 volts dc.

Table 2 solar panel voltage measurement and no-load

dc-dc converter output

Table 3: Measurements May 20, 2022.

hour

Vout Pv (volt)

Vout Dc-dc

Conveter

v v

13:00 17 12

13:10 17 12

13:20 16 12

13:30 10.5 12

13:40 10.5 12

13:50 10.5 12

14:00 10.4 12

14:10 10.4 12

14:20 10.4 12

14:30 9.5 12

14:40 9.5 11.5

14:50 9.5 11.5

15:00 9.2 11

Figure 6: Characteristics of the voltage function of time.

From the characteristics above in Figure 7. the

magnitude of the voltage generated by the solar panel

is at least 9, at 2 volts dc after switching to the dc-dc

converter, the voltage is stabilized to 11 volts d,

where the change will work as. increase the voltage

when the solar panel voltage is above 16 to 18 volts

dc so that the output voltage of the dc-dc converter

becomes 12 volts dc. Then as a voltage reduce.

13:00

13:10

13:20

13:30

13:40

13:50

14:00

14:10

14:20

14:30

14:40

14:50

15:00

voltage

Time

VoutPVv VoutDC‐DcKonveterv

Hour Vout PV

(Volt)

V out Dc-Dc

Converter (Volt)

13:00 17.5 12

13:10 17.5 12

13:20 17.5 12

13:30 17.5 12

13:40 17.5 12

13:50 17.5 12

14:00 17 12

14:10 17 12

14:20 16 12

14:30 12 12

14:40 9 11.5

14:50 9 11.5

15:00 10 12

iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

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4 CONCLUSION

Optimization of the solar panel voltage generation

system can be done as follows:

1. The solar panel voltage can be stabilized by

installing a dc-dc up/down converter.

2. If the solar panel voltage is above the setting

voltage of the dc-dc converter, then the converter will

function as a down voltage so that the output is by the

settings. And if the voltage (UP) of the solar panel is

below the voltage setting of the dc-dc converter, the

converter will function as a voltage increaser in

accordance with the settings.

3. Voltage that can be stabilized above 16Volt dc will

be reduced to 12 volts dc.While the stabilized voltage

is below the converter setting voltage, which is from

9 volts, it is increased to 12 volts dc.

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Irrigation Pump with Generating Source Solar Based Electricity Internet of Things