Development of Web-Based Information Systems to Improve

Governance of Student Fieldwork Practices

I Ketut Suwintana, I Made Suarta and I Gusti Agung Oka Sudiadnyani

Department of Accounting, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Badung Regency, Bali, Indonesia

Keywords: Information Systems, Web-Based, Fieldwork Practices.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to obtain a web-based information system that can be utilized in improving

the governance of field work practices. The system development life cycle (SDLC) with agile methods is

used in the development of this information system. This field work practice information system can meet

the need to increase effectiveness and efficiency in the governance of field work practices. The system was

developed web-based to make it easier for users to access from anywhere and anytime. This system is able

to support the governance of field work practices, through user interface features such as user login,

dashboard page, application page for field work practice, field work practice monitoring page, monitoring

report, field work practice report exam page, and field work practice test score list page. System testing also

shows that the app meets usability requirements. This system has some limitations, especially in the

accessibility that can be done by industrial users.

INTRODUCTION

Information system applications are developing very

dynamically as information technology advances.

Information systems in education have been

implemented to handle the academic system

(Mahenge & Sanga, 2016), from registration of

prospective students to reporting the results of the

learning process (Lupu, Bologa, Sabau, & Muntean,

2008; Riyanto & Johanez, 2018). In addition,

information systems are also used to support the

promotion of educational institutions (Casap, 2018),

financial management (Hartikayanti, Bramanti, &

Gunardi, 2018), management of research and

community service activities to student activities

(Topi, 2019; Martins, et al., 2019; Borkar, 2021).

Adaptation of technology and information systems

has facilitated various academic activities to improve

the quality of management and further improve the

quality of services provided by educational

institutions.

Field Work Practice is one form of academic

activity at the Bali State Polytechnic that must be

taken by every student towards the end of the study

period. The aim is to give students the opportunity to

know and experience firsthand the work process in

the company and to apply the knowledge gained

during lectures to be applied in the real world of

work. The implementation of field work practices at

the Department of Accounting at the Bali State

Polytechnic is carried out based on the applicable

service Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) by

taking into account the principles of simple,

participatory, accountable, sustainable, transparent

and fair.

Currently, the management of field work

practices in the Accounting Department has not been

supported by the application of information systems.

This condition raises problems such as limited

information on companies where field work

practices are carried out, registration of field work

practice plans is carried out manually, assignment of

field work practice supervisors, monitoring reports

and evaluations of field work practices by

supervisors, to final evaluation and assessment of

field work practice activities. The problems that

exist in the governance of field work practices have

certainly not met the expectations as stipulated in the

SOP for field work practices. Several studies have

shown that the greatest benefit of information

systems is their ability to provide users with the

information they need to perform tasks efficiently

(Marnewick, 2015; Waszkiewicza & Gumienny,

2021). The information system can produce specific

information to assist the implementation of tasks or

200

Suwintana, I., Suarta, I. and Sudiadnyani, I.

Development of Web-Based Information Systems to Improve Governance of Student Fieldwork Practices.

DOI: 10.5220/0011739900003575

In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2022), pages 200-207

ISBN: 978-989-758-619-4; ISSN: 2975-8246

decision making, the format of the information can

be adjusted to the user's needs, and the archived data

is very useful for preparing reports (Al -Mamary,

Shamsuddin, & Aziati, 2013; Sari & Priantinah,

2019). In addition, the existence of an information

system can reduce costs and improve operational

efficiency, provide better services, and provide

sustainable system availability (MCafee, 2002; Ali

& Abu-AlSondos, 2020).

Given the enormous benefits of information

systems, it is important to study through research on

the development of information systems in order to

obtain solutions to the specific problems that exist in

the governance of field work practices. The scope of

this research is limited to the development of

company/industry database systems, supervisory

lecturers for field work practices, students

participating in field work practices, reporting

systems for monitoring and evaluating field work

activities by supervisors and industry, to the final

assessment of field work practices. The information

system developed is a web-based application using

PHP and MySQL. The purpose of this development

research is to obtain a web-based information system

that can be utilized in improving the governance of

field work practices.

This research is expected to provide practical and

theoretical implications in an effort to improve the

governance of field work practices in the

Accounting Department of PNB. The contribution of

this research is in the form of a web-based

information system application that has been tested

for its usefulness in overcoming specific problems in

the governance of field work practices. In addition,

the contribution of this research can be used as a

reference in the development of similar information

systems considering the solutions to these problems

are in the form of conceptual and logical designs, as

well as algorithms that can be replicated.

LITERATURE REVIEW

In today's era, information is considered the most

valuable resource. In order to better manage the

organization, it is very important to manage

information systematically and sustainably.

Information can be defined as data that has been

processed in such a way that it is useful to the

recipient (Boell & Cecez-Kecmanovic, 2015). It

describes the qualities of information as meaningful,

easy to understand, reduces uncertainty, helps

monitoring and control, means of communication

that complements memory and helps simplify

procedures. Information becomes very important in

achieving organizational goals and objectives.

Organizations need to take advantage of the

opportunities offered by modern information

technology (IT) and information systems (IS) to

address the growing need for information. The

definitions of IS and IT are closely related, however,

they differ in their functions. Information technology

is more about hardware, software, and

telecommunications (Castagna & Bigelow, 2021). IT

refers to preparing, collecting, transporting,

retrieving, storing, accessing, presenting and

transforming information in all its forms (sound,

graphics, text, video and images). An information

system is a combination of interrelated components

such as hardware, software, and telecommunications

networks, working together to collect, create,

process, store, organize, and disseminate

information to support decision making,

coordination, analysis, and control in an

organizational setting (Zemmouchi- Ghomari, 2021;

Maiti, 2022). The main components of information

systems are computer hardware and software,

telecommunications, databases and data warehouses,

human resources, and procedures (Hasan, 2018).

The hardware, software, and telecommunications

constitute information technology (IT), which is now

ingrained in the operations and management of

organizations. Common types of information

systems are operations support systems,

management information systems, decision support

systems, and executive information systems.

Information systems have a great influence on

society, enabling more diverse human activities. In

this modern era, educational institutions need to use

various technological devices that can help them in

managing and running their institutions well (Gavua,

Okyere-Dankwa, & Offei, 2016; Topi, 2019).

Educational institutions need to choose a system or

software that can help them connect all operations in

the school. Having an education management

information system can help institutions make all

decisions faster along with providing a systematic,

simple and efficient work bringing complete

automation in everything (Sherifi, 2015; Musti,

2020). Educational information systems can be used

to manage student admissions, student management,

libraries, student-lecturer collaboration and

communication, as well as financing management.

Information system development involves

several stages and is circular in nature, including:

analysis of system requirements (system

specification requirements), design, implementation,

testing and deployment (Zarandi, Hosseinioun, &

Development of Web-Based Information Systems to Improve Governance of Student Fieldwork Practices

201

Salemi, 2014; Saravanan, 2017). This method is

known as the system development life cycle

(SDLC), is a standard process that needs to be

followed in system development starting from

analyzing, designing, implementing, and

maintaining information systems. In addition, there

is also a rapid development methodology which is

an approach to the development of modern software

systems (Saeed, Jhanjhi, Naqvi, & Humayun, 2019).

In this methodology, the client is involved in

analysis, design and implementation activities, as

well as accelerating the system development phase

through an iterative construction approach.

Field work practice or on the job training is a

mandatory academic program that must be followed

by students at the Bali State Polytechnic. Research

on the development of field work practice

information systems has been carried out by several

researchers using the SDLC method (Herawati,

Negara, Febriansyah, & Fatah, 2021; Syahputra,

Dalimunthe, & Sidabutar, 2022). The stages in

developing this system include analysis and

requirements definition, system design and database,

coding and implementation, and system testing. The

components of the system developed include

company/industry databases, supervisors, students, a

monitoring and evaluation reporting system for field

work activities by supervisors and industry, to the

final assessment of field work practice activities. As

part of the education management information

system, the field work practice information system is

able to provide information on the management of

field work practice activities quickly, precisely and

easily. Overall, the results of the study show that the

management of field work practices has become

more effective and efficient with the support of an

information system.

RESEARCH METHOD

The system development life cycle (SDLC) method

is used in the development of this field work practice

information system. SDLC is an approach, which

consists of several stages to analyze and design a

system that has been developed through the use of

cycles that are more specific to the activities carried

out (Silberschatz, Korth, & Sudharsan, 2011). SDLC

generally consists of four main phases, namely:

planning, analysis, design, and implementation. The

development model uses the Agile methodology

(Woodward, Surdek, & Ganis, 2010; Campbell,

2019), which is an application development

approach with continuous interaction of

development and testing during the SDLC process.

Through this approach, at the end of each sprint

phase, product functional improvements are

conveyed. Each new functional is directly added to

the product resulting in gradual project growth. With

features validated early in development, the chances

of potentially failing product delivery are much

lower. In the agile approach, software development

is possible in a short time (1-3 months) with one-by-

one feature development.

The first stage in application development is to

identify problems and collect the necessary data. The

next stage is conducting a needs analysis based on

the data and facts obtained, and then designing based

on the results of the analysis. The system design is

carried out using Context Diagrams and Data Flow

Diagrams (DFD) Level 1. Context diagrams for this

information system are as shown in Figure 1.

Context diagrams provide an overview of the system

in general by showing the inputs, processes, and

outputs of the system to be designed.

Figure 1: Context Diagram.

The process design is described using a data flow

diagram (DFD) level 0 (Figure 2). This information

system is designed to have 4 processes, namely

master data management, user profiles, field work

practice implementation management, and field

work practice exam management. There are 5

external entities involved, namely Academics,

Students, Supervisors, Companies, and Examiners.

The business process of this system begins with

the student submitting a field work practice to the

academic for a cover letter. The academic section

gives approval by making a cover letter and

distribution of supervisors. The supervising lecturer

monitors the implementation of field work practices

by checking the control activities made by students.

At the end of the activity period, students make

reports on field work practices and the company

provides values from the implementation of field

work practices that have been carried out.

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Figure 2: DFD Level 0.

Furthermore, a field work practice report

examination is carried out which involves the

examiner lecturer. The final grade for the student's

field work practice is obtained from a combination

of grades from the company and test scores.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This study develops a web-based information system

that is used to improve governance in the

implementation of field work practices, by taking a

case study at the Bali State Polytechnic. This

development stage is in line with what has been

done by previous researchers (Herawati, Negara,

Febriansyah, & Fatah, 2021; Syahputra, Dalimunthe,

& Sidabutar, 2022).

4.1 User Interface Implementation

This field work practice information system was

developed web-based, so that it can be accessed by

users through internet browser applications. The user

interface developed includes: user login, dashboard

page, application page for field work practice, field

work practice monitoring page, monitoring report,

field work practice report exam page, and field work

practice test score list page.

a. User Login

Users must login first in order to use this

application. Login using the username and password

previously created by the admin.

Development of Web-Based Information Systems to Improve Governance of Student Fieldwork Practices

203

Figure 3: User login.

b. Dashboard Page

The dashboard is the main page of the application,

containing the user's identity and application menus

that can be accessed by the user.

Figure 4: Dashboard page.

c. Field Work Practice Application Page

This page is used for the process of making a cover

letter or application for field work practices, starting

from the process of making letters, filling out letter

numbers, and printing letters.

Figure 5: Field work practice application page.

d. Field Work Practice Monitoring Page

This page is used to print the minutes of monitoring

the implementation of student field work practices.

Figure 6: Field work practice monitoring page.

e. Print Monitoring Minutes

This page is used to print the minutes of the student's

field work practice monitoring activities. The

following is an example of a monitoring report.

Figure 7: Print monitoring minutes.

f. Exam Report Page

This page is used to provide information about the

field work practice report exam. From the student

user perspective, this page displays the exam

schedule for the field work practice report and

students can upload documentation during the exam.

Figure 8: Exam report page.

g. Exam Score Page

This page is used by examiners to input test scores.

Figure 9: Exam score page.

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Table 1: SUS score tabulation.

No Question

Respondent SUS

a b c d e a b c d e

1 I think that I would like to use this system frequently 4 5 5 5 4 3 4 4 4 3

2 I found the syste

unnecessarily complex 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3

3 I though

the syste

was easy to use 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 3 4 3

4 I think that I would need the support of a technical person to be able to use this 1 2 2 2 1 4 3 3 3 4

5 I found the various functions in this syste

were well integrated 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3

6 I thought there was too much inconsistency in this system 1 2 1 1 1 4 3 4 4 4

7 I would imagine tha

mos

people would learn to use this syste

very quickly 4 4 5 5 4 3 3 4 4 3

8 I found the syste

very cumbersome to use 1 2 1 1 1 4 3 4 4 4

9 I felt very confident using the system 4 4 5 4 4 3 3 4 3 3

10 I needed to learn a lo

of things

efore I could ge

going with this system 2 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 3 3

Score 34 33 35 35 33

SUS Score (Score x 2.5) 85 82,5 87,5 87,5 82,5

Average SUS score 85,00

4.2 System Testing

The information system that has been developed is

tested using the System Usability Scale (SUS)

method (Broke, 1996). The usability measure must

cover three aspects, namely effectiveness, efficiency,

and satisfaction. One of the advantages of the SUS

method is that it can be used on small sample sizes

with reliable results. SUS is also able to effectively

distinguish between usable and unusable systems.

The advantages of this SUS method are that it is

easy to use and accepted by respondents, can be

used in small research samples with accurate results,

and is proven valid in determining whether the

system can be used properly. The System Usability

Scale uses a five-level Likert scale, namely 1

strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, and

5 strongly agree.

Application testing in this study was conducted

with 5 respondents from prospective application

users (Table 1). The calculation of the measurement

results of the usability scale system is carried out in

the following way:

a. For each question in odd order, subtract one.

Example question 1 has a score of 4. Then

subtract 4 by 1 so that the score for question 1 is 3.

b. For each question in an even order, subtract the

score from five. Example question 2 has a score

of 1. Then subtract 5 by 1 so that the score for

question 2 is 4.

c. Add up the values of the even-numbered and

odd-numbered statements. Then the result is

multiplied by 2.5.

The average score of SUS is 85, and this score is

in the good category. This finding indicates that the

respondents agree that the application has met the

usability requirements. The development of this

information system is able to answer the research

objectives to facilitate the management of field work

practices. In line with the previous study of

information system development (Sari & Priantinah,

2019; Ali & Abu-AlSondos, 2020; Herawati,

Negara, Febriansyah, & Fatah, 2021; Syahputra,

Dalimunthe, & Sidabutar, 2022), this system is able

to manage databases related to field work practices

and is able to produce information according to the

format desired by the user. Thus, the management of

field work practices can be carried out more

effectively, improve operational efficiency, and

reduce costs because it uses paperless in its

governance.

5 CONCLUSIONS

The field work practice information system was

developed to meet the need for increased

effectiveness and efficiency in the governance of

field work practices. The system was developed

web-based to make it easier for users to access from

anywhere and anytime. This system is able to

support the governance of field work practices,

through user interface features such as user login,

dashboard page, application page for field work

practice, field work practice monitoring page,

monitoring report, field work practice report exam

page, and field work practice test score list page.

System testing also shows that the app meets

usability requirements. This system has some

limitations, especially in the accessibility that can be

done by industrial users.

This study recommends improving the interface

functionality so that it can be accessed by users from

the industry where field work practices are carried

Development of Web-Based Information Systems to Improve Governance of Student Fieldwork Practices

205

out. Managers or industrial supervisors where

students carry out field work practices are possible

to conduct assessments directly through this

information system. In addition, it is also necessary

to consider developing mobile-based applications,

considering that most of the users of this system are

students.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to express our gratitude to all parties,

especially students who have helped in system

testing and academics staff who have contributed to

this research. Also, to anonymous reviewers and the

editorial team for their support and help in

developing the paper.

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