Research on Urban Public Management and Public Services based on

SPSS Software Data Analysis: Taking Heilongjiang Province as an

Example

Ping Liu

and Hanjie Jiang

The Administrative Management, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China

Heilongjiang Province Public Management, Harbin University of Commerce, No. 1 Xuehai Street,

Songbei District, Harbin City, China

Keywords: Public Management, Public Service, Degree of Coupling Region, Regional Differences.

Abstract: The coupled coordination degree model was constructed to study the coordination degree of urban public

management and public services by integrating data through data analysis of the SPSS and RESSET

research database. The study shows that the level of urban public management is positively correlated with

the level of public services. The higher the level of urban public management, the better the public services

provided. The level of urban public management is the main reason for the regional differences in the

degree of coordination between urban public management and public services.

1 INTRODUCTION

In recent years, with the urban economy's

continuous development, government governance's

defects have gradually been paid attention to. It is

hoped that the government can perform public

responsibilities and safeguard public interests under

statutory authorization. At the same time, it can pay

attention to social needs, provide public goods, and

ensure social fairness. Therefore, urban public

management and public services have become a new

way of government governance and are still

developing and improving.

For example, Hilhorst

Cokky, Deschamps Carl, and others have

successively put forward cutting-edge theories on

public management and public services, helping the

government to better serve urban residents through

public management and public services.

However, people lack specific awareness of

urban public management and public services and an

understanding of the relationship between the two.

This is likely to lead to unnecessary waste of

resources when the government promulgates

policies and weakens the effectiveness of policy

implementation. Therefore, this paper uses SPSS

software for data analysis and intuitively

understands the connection between the two through

data, hoping to assist leaders in making optimal

decisions suitable for local cities.

2 ANALYSIS OF THE COUPLING

AND COORDINATION

MECHANISM BETWEEN

URBAN PUBLIC

MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC

SERVICES

Urban public management is the basis for

developing public services, and it can provide policy

support for improving urban public services. The

rise in the level of urban public services will

promote the more effective development of urban

public management, and the interaction between the

two is conducive to the good progress of urban

public life. (Zhao et al., 2022)

Figure 1 shows the coupling coordination

mechanism of urban public management and public

services.

584

Liu, P. and Jiang, H.

Research on Urban Public Management and Public Services Based on SPSS Software Data Analysis: Taking Heilongjiang Province as an Example.

DOI: 10.5220/0011752400003607

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Public Management, Digital Economy and Internet Technology (ICPDI 2022), pages 584-587

ISBN: 978-989-758-620-0

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Figure 1: Coupling coordination mechanism of urban

public service and public management.

Generally, the two systems of urban public

management and public services are in a state of

mutual coupling and coordination. Urban public

management provides financial and policy support

for urban public services and promotes the

continuous improvement and development of urban

public services. (Ohemeng, Frank, Akonnor, 2022)

And urban public services provide products and

services for urban public management, which helps

urban public management to advance smoothly.

Of course,the coupling relationship between the

two is not always stable but changes in stages. At the

initial stage of urban public management, it is

difficult for the government to perform public

functions because ofthe low level of public

management. When the level of urban public

management reaches a certain stage, the government

recognizes the importance of urban public services

to society, so it will has corresponding policies to

improve the level of urban public services.

(Papcunová Viera, Dvořák, 2021) However, due to

its level,the degree of coupling and coordination

between the two is at the level of mild disorder or

medium coordination. This stage enters a virtuous

level of coordination.

3 ESTABLISHING RESEARCH

METHODOLOGY BASED ON

SPSS SOFTWARE

3.1 Coupling Degree Model

The coupling degree model is the most commonly

used data analysis model relying on Internet

information technology and refers to the quantitative

index of mutual coupling and coordination between

two or more systems and subsystems. It contains

coupling degree C value, matching degree D value

and matching degree indicator T value.

Systems are dynamic and unstable existences,

and coupling degree can only be used to represent

the degree of interaction between two systems. To

detect the good or bad degree of coupling and

coordination between urban public management and

public services and the benign relationship between

them, it is also necessary to construct a coupling

coordination degree model through SPSS software.

Its calculation formula is as follows. The system

coupling value is denoted by C and is calculated as

follows.



∑









∑







=1,i=1.2 (1)

in the formula indicates the comprehensive

evaluation index. U1 is the total score of urban

public management, and U2 is the total score of

urban public service. ∂

is the corresponding weight

of each indicator.

C=2×

√



×u



/（u



+xu



） (2)

The formula C∈[0,1] indicates the coupling

degree; when C=0, there is no association between

two systems, and the larger the value of C, the greater

the association degree between systems. When C=1,

the coupling degree reaches saturation; at this time,

the system is completely in the state of fit between,

towards the direction of the ordered structure.

According to the existing classification methods

for the degree of coupling, this paper classifies the

degree of coupling into four stages.

3.2 Coupling Coordination Degree

Model

Systems are dynamic and unstable existences, and

the coupling degree can only represent the degree of

interaction between two systems.

A coupling coordination degree model also needs

to be introduced to detect the good or bad degree of

coupling and coordination between urban public

management and public services and the benign

Table 1: Coupling level and classification criteria.

Coupling degree

classification hierarch

Low Coupling level Fly down level Break-in level High coupling level

C-value 0.1 - 0.3 0.3-0.5 0.5-0.8 0.8-1

Research on Urban Public Management and Public Services Based on SPSS Software Data Analysis: Taking Heilongjiang Province as an

Example

585

relationship between them. Its calculation formula is

as follows.

√

𝐶 × 𝑇

(3)

T=aU

+bU

(4)

In the formula, D is the coupling coordination

degree, C is the coupling degree, and T represents

the comprehensive evaluation index of urban public

management and public services, which U

and we

determine. “A” indicates the importance of urban

public management, and b indicates the importance

of urban public services. Considering that this article

detects the coordinated development of urban public

management and public services, both are equally

important. Therefore, both a and b are assigned a

value of 0.5. The coupling coordination degree of

urban public managemet and public services is

classified into the following ten levels regarding the

accepted decile method of coupling coordination

degree (see Table 2).

Table 2: Ranking criteria of the coupling coordination

degree.

Coupling

coordination degree

D value interval

Coordination

level

Degree of coupling

coordination

(0.0

～

0.09)

1 Extreme disorder

(0.1

～

0.19)

2 Severe disorder

(0.2

～

0.29)

3 Moderate disorder

(0.3

～

0.39)

4 Mild disorder

(0.4

～

0.49)

Nearly

dysfunctional

(0.5

～

0.59)

6 Barely coordinated

(0.6

～

0.69)

Primary

coordination

(0.7

～

0.79)

Intermediate

coordination

(0.8

～

0.89)

9 Good

(0.9

～

1.00)

High-quality

coordination

3.3 Entropy Method

This paper adopts the entropy value method to

ensure that each evaluation index can objectively

represent the calculation results. The specific

calculation formula is as follows: in formula (1), S

represents the comprehensive score of thjth index,

is the weight of the jth index, and P

indicates

the weight of the jth index in the i-th region.

∑

𝑊



𝑃







× 100 (5)

4 ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS

OF COUPLED COORDINATION

MODEL BASED ON SPSS

SOFTWARE

The weights of each index were determined by

SPSS software using the entropy value method.

Then the comprehensive score of urban public

management and public service was calculated by

using equation (1). Then the coupling degree and

coordination degree of urban public management

and public service were calculated by equation

(2)(3).

From the coupling degree data, most cities can

reach a high level of coupling (C>0.8), but among

the 13 cities, the coupling degree of Qiqihar is poor.

Table 3: Coupling and coupling coordination of public services and public management in 13 cities, 2017-2021.

Local

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

C D C D C D C D C D

JMS 0.993 0.327 0.996 0.357 0.972 0.389 0.983 0.397 0.996 0.393

QTH 0.999 0.368 0.998 0.389 0.998 0.419 0.998 0.414 0.999 0.452

HRB 0.941 0.376 0.896 0.437 0.985 0.455 0.994 0.481 0.998 0.481

HG 0.977 0.349 0.984 0.375 0.983 0.382 0.984 0.405 0.974 0.42

DXAL 0.983 0.392 0.979 0.41 0.979 0.418 0.977 0.415 0.93 0.381

YC 0.942 0.368 0.946 0.395 0.938 0.462 0.95 0.457 0.95 0.47

HR 0.947 0.374 0.946 0.447 0.925 0.442 0.951 0.473 0.908 0.451

SH 0.968 0.383 0.984 0.421 0.97 0.398 0.984 0.416 0.984 0.428

JX 0.795 0.331 0.816 0.363 0.867 0.4 0.867 0.401 0.944 0.441

MDJ 0.953 0.383 0.971 0.419 0.977 0.413 0.759 0.675 0.96 0.421

QQHR 0.912 0.392 0.92 0.461 0.92 0.483 0.875 0.47 0.837 0.463

DQ 0.843 0.395 0.86 0.442 0.844 0.449 0.896 0.457 0.862 0.476

SYS 0.84 0.345 0.919 0.388 0.905 0.406 0.927 0.429 0.947 0.445

ICPDI 2022 - International Conference on Public Management, Digital Economy and Internet Technology

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This indicates that the connection between urban

public management and public services in Qiqihar is

not strong enough, and the two have not yet formed

benign coordination. However, from a global

perspective, the coupling degree between urban

public management and public services in

Heilongjiang province is maintained at a high level,

which indicates that, in general, urban public

services and public management in Heilongjiang

province are closely linked. There exists a high

degree of dependence between them, laying the

foundation for the peaceful and coordinated

development of the two and creating a state of high

coupling and coordination.

5 CONCLUSION

Based on the panel data of 13 cities in Heilongjiang

Province from 2017 to 2021, through the

construction of the coupling coordination degree

model of urban public management and public

services and analysis from multiple perspectives

such as time and space, this paper draws the

following conclusions: First, in general, It can be

seen that there is enormous potential and room for

improvement in the improvement of urban public

management and public coupling and coordination

in Heilongjiang Province, and it shows a state of

"high coupling and low coupling and coordination,"

that is, there is a certain degree of public

management and public services in most cities.

However, due to the city's economic conditions and

general management level, it isn't easy to achieve

sound development. Therefore, the coupling

between urban public management and public

services in Heilongjiang Province has enormous

development potential and room for improvement.

Second, from the perspective of Heilongjiang

Province, the coupling and coordination of general

urban management and public services in the

thirteen cities are polarized. Specifically, the western

cities are higher, and the eastern and northwestern

cities are lower, and in general, they are affected by

geographical restrictions and their economic

development. Third, from the empirical results, the

level of urban public management between cities is

the main reason for the large regional gap in the

coupling and coordination degree of general urban

control. Based on the research conclusions, this

paper proposes the following policy implications.

1. Take the lead in realizing high-quality

coordination between public management and public

services in western cities. First, we should continue

to increase the implementation of shared service

policies, take the lead in realizing the high-quality

supply of public services in Harbin, Daqing, and

Qiqihar, and serve as models for other cities to learn

from. Second, we should continue to give full play

to the advantages of these urban industrial

structures, provide an environment for participation

in urban public management with excellent

infrastructure, and pursue high-quality coordination

between urban public administration and services.

2. For cities with a low degree of coordination

between urban public management and services, the

government should first pay more attention to the

construction of urban public services and implement

relevant policies and significant projects as

opportunities to make up for the lack of urban public

services. Build weak links so that the infrastructure

of its public services can be further improved.

Second, the optimization and upgrading of the

industrial structure should be promoted as soon as

possible so that the construction of public service

infrastructure can be upgraded, like urban economic

development, and provide the continuous impetus

for the construction of public services. Third,

attention should be paid to the provision of general

management levels in cities with low coupling

coordination and the expansion of related public

service infrastructure to narrow the gap between

them and developed cities.

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Research on Urban Public Management and Public Services Based on SPSS Software Data Analysis: Taking Heilongjiang Province as an

Example

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