Research on the Efficiency of the Integrated Development of Health

Care Tourism Industry Based on DEA Model: Taking Miyi County

as an Example

Yali Zhu, Zhenzhen Feng, Xiajun Zhang, Yanhan Huang, Wenxian Hu, Xinyi Song and Ying Zhou

Sichuan Agricultural University College of Architecture and Urban—Rural Planning, Dujiangyan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

2540733749@qq.com, 1156724209@qq.com, 949712770@qq.com, 284274831@qq.com, 3115686717@qq.com,

guoguosoxin@qq.com

Keywords: Health Tourism Industry, Efficiency, DEA-BCC Model, Miyi County.

Abstract: At present, the health care tourism industry in Miyi County is in the initial stage of development. Research

on the efficiency of the integration of health industry and tourism industry to maximize the benefits of the

input and output of the industry, which promotes the development of the health tourism industry in Miyi

County has great significance. Based on the data envelopment analysis method and the 2003-2018 input-

output data of Miyi County, this paper establishes an efficiency evaluation system for the integrated

development of the industry, using the DEA-BCC model to analyze comprehensive efficiency, pure technical

efficiency and scale efficiency. This study has shown that the average comprehensive technical efficiency of

Miyi County is 0.834, the average pure technical efficiency is 0.900, and the average scale efficiency is 0.919,

indicating that the overall level of technical efficiency and scale efficiency is relatively high. But, in order to

achieve greater benefits for the integrated development of the industry, this article can be a reference date for

the diversified health care tourism industry, technical management and innovation, and training of high-

quality talents.

1 INTRODUCTION

With the continuous improvement of per capita

income, the improvement of people's living standards

and the increase of consumer demand, more and more

people are pursuing health and recuperation tourism.

On the one hand, sub-health groups are more willing

to enjoy high-quality tourism to relax themselves,

health care and tourism is gradually becoming a

popular choice (Xu, Zhai, Zhang 2020). On the other

hand, China has entered a moderately aging society,

and healthy elderly care is beginning to be chose of

many elderly people. It can be seen that health care

tourism is in great demand in today's society, and the

social market is very impressive.

In order to promote the development of the health

tourism industry, Panzhihua formulated a series of

policies as a guide for the development of the industry.

In the "China Sunshine Health Tourism City

Development Plan (2012-2020)" compiled by

Panzhihua City in 2012, Miyi County created the

health tourism brand "Zhuan Xu's Hometown

Sunshine Miyi" (Tang, Wu, Zhang 2016). In the

"Thirteenth Five-Year Development Plan of Panxi

Economic Zone", one of the development

orientations of Panzhihua region is "a nationally well-

known sunshine health and wellness tourist resort.

With the sunshine health care industry as the leader,

we will actively develop elderly care services and

health care, tourism and leisure, sports, medical

services and other related industries.”

Today, the

health care industry in Miyi County is booming, and

the service system is also sound and perfect. The

"Sunshine Miyi" health care brand is well-known

throughout the country (Han 2018).

In addition, good local climate resources,

geological resources and cultural resources are also

very benefit to promote the development of the health

care industry and expand the economic benefits of

tourism (Huang 2014, Ren 2019). Whether it is the

760

Zhu, Y., Feng, Z., Zhang, X., Huang, Y., Hu, W., Song, X. and Zhou, Y.

Research on the Efﬁciency of the Integrated Development of Health Care Tourism Industry Based on DEA Model-Taking Miyi County as an Example.

DOI: 10.5220/0011767300003607

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Public Management, Digital Economy and Internet Technology (ICPDI 2022), pages 760-764

ISBN: 978-989-758-620-0

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

social demand for the health care industry or the

support of government policies, the future

development of the health care industry in Miyi

County is very objective. The health care industry in

Miyi County is still in the development stage, which

is of great significance to its research on the

development efficiency of the integration of the

health care industry.

2 MATERIAL AND METHODS

2.1 Construction of the Evaluation

Model of the Integration Efficiency

of the Tourism Industry

If there are N independent and homogeneous

decision-making units in an industrial system, which

are represented by DMU

(j=1, 2...n). The input and

output vectors are expressed as X

= (X

, X

... X

)

and Y

=(Y

, Y

...Y

)

, respectively. λ

represents the

index combination coefficient of the decision-making

unit. ε represents the effective value of the decision-

making unit, and also means the utilization efficiency

of input and output. s

, s

is a slack variable that

represents the slackness of the input and output of

health care tourism industry (Li 2019).

The DEA - BCC model is as follows:

min

(1)

XsX

ελ

−



(2)

YsY =−



(3)

0,0,0 ≥≥≥

+−

(4)



(5)

In the BCC model, the overall efficiency is equal

to the product of pure technical efficiency and scale

efficiency. The overall efficiency is the production

efficiency of the decision-making unit at a certain

input, and the comprehensive evaluation of the

decision-making unit's resource allocation ability and

resource utilization efficiency. Pure technical

efficiency is brought about by the system and

management level, and the efficiency of production is

under the influence of management and technical

factors. Scale efficiency refers to the difference

between the current scale and the target scale are

under the conditions of a certain system and

management level. An efficiency value equals to 1

that indicates the decision-making unit is effective. If

an efficiency value less than 1, then we can analyze

the situation of increasing scale benefit, constant

scale benefit or diminishing scale benefit by these

data.

2.2 Evaluation Index System

The efficiency evaluation system of the integrated

development of health tourism industry is a three-

level index system. On the basis of the collection and.

Table 1: The efficiency evaluation system of the integrated development of health tourism industry.

Indicator

type

First-level index Indicator description

input

indicators

Fiscal expenditure

The development of agriculture is conducive to the development of health and

tourism and a

riculture model

The advancement of science and technology is conducive to the high-quality

develo

ment of health tourism and the innovation of industrial technolo

Cultivating compound talents in health tourism is benefit to the sustainable

develo

ment of health tourism industr

Medical and health construction is conducive to the development of health care

and tourism and medical develo

ment model

The protection of the ecological environment is conducive to the development

of the model of health and tourism and health

reservation

Investment promotion

The sustainable economic development capability of the tourism industry

Foreign investment attraction

The influence and

opularity of the health tourism bran

The

overnment's su

ort and im

ortance

Fixed asset investment

in the whole societ

Capital construction investment reflects the development foundation of health

tourism industr

Output

indicators

Total tourism revenue The scale of economic benefits

Total number of

travelers

Scale of development

Research on the Efﬁciency of the Integrated Development of Health Care Tourism Industry Based on DEA Model-Taking Miyi County as an

Example

761

arrangement of the index system and its concrete

indexes in the relevant literature, the larger indexes

related to the research of this paper are retained, and

the index system of this paper is constructed after

consulting relevant experts. the first level of

indicators for input indicators and output indicators,

the second level of indicators consists of 5 indicators,

and there are 12 indicators in the third level.

2.3 Index Description

2.3.1 Explanation of Input Indicators

Capital is an important element that affects the

development of the health care tourism industry, and

also the total driving force for the economic

development of the tourism industry (Zhang, Huang

2014). In addition to infrastructure investment,

investment in agriculture, industry, ecology, cultural

and sports development, medical and health, science

and technology, ecological environment, talent

training and other related industries are also

important factors for the development of the global

health industry and the expansion of health tourism

benefits (Zhang 2017). The investment promotion

situation reflects the attractiveness of the health care

industry brand in the region and the government's

investment support. Based on this, this article finally

chooses the fixed asset investment, investment

promotion and fiscal expenditure of the whole society

as the input indicators from the perspective of capital.

2.3.2 Description of output indicators

The total tourism revenue and the number of tourists

received can directly reflect the development of

health tourism in the region. Not only can it best

represent the true output of the development of health

tourism, but also reflect the comprehensive capacity

of tourism development.

3 RESULT & DISCUSSION

3.1 Source of Data

The data in this article comes from "Miyi Statistical

Yearbook", "Miyi County National Economic and

Social Development Statistical Bulletin" and the

official website of Miyi County People's Government.

The input-output indicator datas of Miyi County from

2003 to 2018 as follows.

3.2 Data Analysis

3.2.1 Analysis of Raw Output Data

As shown in Table 2, the number of tourists received

and the annual tourism income of Miyi County from

2003 to 2018 have been increasing year by year,

indicating that the scale and economic benefits of the

development of the health tourism industry are very

considerable. Investment promotion has achieved a

leap from 686 million yuan to 61.361 billion yuan,

Table 2 Raw data of input-output indicators.

ears Out

ut indicators in

ut indicators

Number of tourists

received throughout

the

/ten thousan

Annual tourism

income/100million

uan

Total investment/

100 million yuan

Local fiscal expenditure

/ten thousand yuan

otal investment in fixe

assets of the whole

societ

/100 million

2003 3.02 0.48 6.86 17956 3.87

2004 16.89 0.73 27.24 27321 11.19

2005 33.12 1.31 31.86 38789 22.02

2006 76.22 2.81 26.89 49031 25.88

2007 129.59 4.50 73.52 62277 31.64

2008 135.13 4.70 110.12 88905 35.37

2009 137.26 5.51 39.32 111131 51.18

2010 142.76 6.31 51.89 118927 58.03

2011 152.00 7.30 63.88 146866 65.71

2012 171.10 10.04 65.05 177466 82.28

2013 224.28 16.51 77.25 209656 95.28

2014 257.90 24.60 91.00 220001 111.83

2015 306.14 33.00 216.48 223900 120.16

2016 397.60 39.81 162.77 179200 124.46

2017 428.95 46.02 220.84 224200 139.53

2018 531.84 62.98 613.61 314900 127.21

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762

which shows that Miyi County's economic strength,

ability to attract foreign investment, brand awareness

and influence are increasing. The increase in financial

expenditure is conducive to the development of a

health-care agricultural tourism industry model and

the construction of a new health-care tourism model;

training professional composite talents in the health-

care tourism industry, improving the industry’s

innovation and technical level, and contributing to the

development of diversified health-care tourism. And

the fixed asset investment of the whole society has

increased from 387 million yuan to 12.721 billion

yuan, which has improved the foundation for the

development of the tourism industry.

3.2.2 Data Analysis of Index Evaluation

System

According to the DEA method, the DEAP2.1

software analyzed these data. The selected model is

the DEA - BCC model, and the selected analysis

angle is the output angle. The result data as follows.

It can be seen from Table 3 that from 2003 to 2018,

the pure technical efficiency of Miyi County reached

1 in a total of 8 years, indicating that the pure

technical efficiency of these years was effective. The

pure technical efficiency in 2004 and 2005 was the

lowest. It may be that the technology development

and industrial management of the health tourism

industry in the past two years have not been reformed

and innovated, and the new management technology

or new management model has not been properly

utilized, and the resources have not been well

configured and utilized. However, with the expansion

of fiscal expenditure, social investment in fixed assets

and the expansion of foreign investment, the pure

technical efficiency from 2006 to 2016 was greater

than 0.8 or closed to 0.8, indicating that the

technology and management system has been

improved since then. The investment of resources

was better utilized. After 2016, the pure technical

efficiency was 1, which shows that Miyi County has

become more mature in the use of technology and

greatly improved its ability to use resources.

The economy of scale basically shows a trend of

increasing first and then stabilizing. The scale

efficiency in 2006, 2007, 2009, 2014, 2016, and 2018

were all 1, indicating that the decision-making unit in

these years was effective, scale returns remained

unchanged, and achieved the maximum benefit. From

2003 to 2006, 2008, and 2015, the efficiency of scale

was less than 1, but the return of scale was increasing.

From this, continuing to increase the input of the

health care industry to maximize the benefits. From

2010 to 2013 and 2017, the scale efficiency is

between 0.900 and 1. The decision-making unit is

invalid but the scale return is diminishing, which

indicating that the investment of resources is

redundant and the utilization of resources is

insufficient. The solution is that the scale of

investment can be appropriately reduced, and finally

achieving the greatest benefit.

The overall efficiency of Miyi County fluctuates

greatly, from 0.362 in 2003 to 1 in 2018. Since the

tourism industry in Miyi County was in the

preparatory stage in 2003, the development of all

aspects was not perfect, so the overall efficiency was

low. However, with the investment of capital, the

overall efficiency reached 1 in 2006, realizing the

Table 3: Analysis data of the development efficiency of the tourism industry.

firm crste vrste scale Economies of scale

1 0.362 1.000 0.362 irs

2 0.372 0.567 0.656 irs

3 0.453 0.563 0.805 irs

4 1.000 1.000 1.000 -

5 1.000 1.000 1.000 -

6 0.927 0.930 0.996 irs

7 1.000 1.000 1.000 -

8 0.878 0.878 0.999 drs

9 0.804 0.804 0.999 drs

10 0.814 0.867 0.939 drs

11 0.954 0.994 0.960 drs

12 1.000 1.000 1.000 -

13 0.797 0.798 0.999 irs

14 1.000 1.000 1.000 -

15 0.989 1.000 0.989 drs

mean

1.000

0.834

1.000

0.900

1.000

0.919

Research on the Efﬁciency of the Integrated Development of Health Care Tourism Industry Based on DEA Model-Taking Miyi County as an

Example

763

overall efficiency and effectiveness. The overall

efficiency fluctuated from 2007 to 2016, and its

efficiency values were all greater than 0.8 or close to

0.8, indicating that the allocation and use of resources

were still relatively good. By 2016-2018, the overall

efficiency was 1. It shows that the resource input, in

recent years, is basically close to the target benefit.

However, the overall average efficiency is 0.834,

indicating that there is still nearly 17% room for

improvement in efficiency. It is necessary to

strengthen the allocation and utilization of resources

to achieve higher benefits.

4 CONCLUSIONS

This paper analyzes the efficiency of the input and

output of the health care tourism industry in Miyi

County from 2003 to 2018. The overall efficiency of

the research and development of the integrated

development of the health and tourism industry is

relatively high, and the integrated development of the

health and tourism industry has a good form.

From 2003 to 2015, there were phenomena such

as input redundancy and output slack, indicating that

the allocation of input resources and utilization

capacity has uneven allocation of resources, and blind

expansion of the scale of industrial development, etc.

From 2016 to 2018, the development efficiency of

the industry was relatively high, and the overall

efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale

efficiency were relatively stable, basically close to 1.

It shows that in order to promote the development of

health tourism industry, Miyi County's gradually

expanding capital investment has formed a good

economic foundation, and the improvement of

innovative technological capabilities and

management capabilities has improved the

development efficiency of the industry and the

redundancy of resources.

From 2009 to 2011, there was a decline in

technical efficiency, but the technical efficiency rose

again from 2011 to 2013, indicating that Miyi County

was developing the health tourism industry while also

innovating and developing new industry

development models and new technologies.

The economies of scale between 2003 and 2018

have increased and decreased. When economies of

scale increase, the industrial structure should be

adjusted in time, and the input of resources should be

increased, but Miyi cannot be expanded blindly,

otherwise it will cause slack in output.

According to the research on the efficiency of the

integrated development of the health and health

industry in Miyi County, the prospects for the

development of the health care industry are very good.

However, in the development process, there are

certain problems to promote the efficiency of

industrial integration, so it is important to conduct

related research on it. This article provides some

ideas and theoretical basis for promoting the

development of industrial integration and solving