Machine to Machine Automatic Housing Area Security System

Prototype Using MQTT IoT Communication Protocol

Imam Sutrisno

, Moh. Farras Raihan

, Mukhammad Jamaludin

, Vandy Achmad

Rendy Rizkananda

, Urip Mudjiono

, Tri Mulyatno Budhi Hartanto

, Muhammad Khalil

Muhammad Fuad Alharis

and Monika Retno Gunarti

Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia

Balai Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Transportasi Laut, Indonesia

Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Indonesia

Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi, Indonesia

Politeknik Pelayaran Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: IoT, Security, MQTT, Housing Area, Emergency Button.

Abstract: Environmental security is a shared responsibility between the community and officers who are specifically

authorized to maintain the security of an area. For this reason, the role of the community in informing actions

that interfere with safety is important. This study aims to create a prototype of an environmental security

system using an emergency button application for security to inform certain security conditions. This research

was developed using the Research and Development model approach by conducting a needs analysis, then it

was designed and implemented in the form of hardware which was then tested for its functionality. Functions

offered in this model include emergency hazard buttons, stranger alert, out-of-town, and assistance. The sys-

tem is connected to each guard post in the housing. The prototype has been tested for functionality and works

well according to its function.

1 INTRODUCTION

The comfort of the living environment is one of the

basic needs in social life. This is based on a finding

that environmental comfort is the dominant factor in

choosing a place to live (A. Syafrina, 2018). Housing

developers have a challenge so that the housing envi-

ronment is designed in such a way that it meets the

environmental comfort requirements as regulated by

the government. Public and social facilities are

needed by the community in a residential area

(Nuryasin, 2021). Some of them, are security facili-

ties, worship, health, education, and others. However,

some housing estates do not yet have complete sup-

porting facilities. One of them is a one-gate system.

The problem due to the non-enforcement of the one-

gate system is that it opens up opportunities for crime

to enter from unofficial doors. Several cases of crime

occur in housing, such as theft, in addition, some

criminals are good at disguises so they are not recog-

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7053-8004

nized when they act (Okezone, 2020). Crimes also oc-

cur by individuals who disguise themselves as scav-

engers and buskers (Liputan6, 2017). Based on the

above background the author intends to develop a

prototype emergency button on a housing. The proto-

type was developed based on a website that is con-

nected to the security guard post. Several researchers

have researched similar topics. These studies have

their characteristics, such as an emergency button to

maintain campus security (A. Wijayanto, 2019). This

study aims to respond to security disturbances in the

campus environment. Another study resulted in the

application of emergency buttons in hospitals. This

study aims to make it easier to make emergency calls

to the hospital for emergency cases (M. Anike, 2019).

Meanwhile, several other studies have also produced

similar systems such as emergency button applica-

tions implemented by the police (M. Afdal, 2020) and

the development of emergency button applications in-

stalled in crowded places that are integrated at the

central security post (A. I. Afolabi, 2018). In this

Sutrisno, I., Raihan, M., Jamaludin, M., Achmad, V., Rizkananda, R., Mudjiono, U., Har tanto, T., Khalil, M., Alhar is, M. and Gunarti, M.

Machine to Machine Automatic Housing Area Security System Prototype Using MQTT IoT Communication Protocol.

DOI: 10.5220/0011863200003575

In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2022), pages 703-707

ISBN: 978-989-758-619-4; ISSN: 2975-8246

703

study, the authors focus on making a prototype of an

emergency button on housing by integrating it at a se-

curity post using the MQTT Protocol whose output

can be displayed via DMD P10 at each related secu-

rity post, besides that this prototype is accompanied

by an alarm notification if there is an emergency mes-

sage from residents. The prototype offers emergency

button functions for alerts, stranger alerts, out-of-

town notifications, and requests for assistance to

health workers.

Several researchers have produced similar sys-

tems such as applications for emergency buttons on

housing and campus security systems that are inte-

grated with the main security post through the inte-

gration using the HTTP protocol. However, this is not

efficient because it requires a good and stable connec-

tion. Besides that, it takes a long process of sending

messages from the incident location to the security

post. When compared with previous research, there

are several advantages of the tools that we developed,

namely the system tools are easy to install, maintain,

and operate. Other than that, it is also cheaper in terms

of the total cost of these tools namely installation and

maintenance costs. This means it is more efficient

than the previously researched applications. There are

also additional benefits, that this tool is also more ef-

fective than the one using the HTTP protocol. Be-

cause it is using the widely used lightweight commu-

nications MQTT protocol that doesn't require a good

and stable connection. The operation of this tool is

easy, it only needs to press the emergency button, and

the tool will directly send a message to all security

guards in the area.

1.1 Housing Area

Housing is a building where humans live and carry

out their lives, besides that a house is also a place

where the socialization process takes place in which

an individual is introduced to the norms and customs

that apply in a society. As a place for human life, it is

not only about technical and physical aspects but also

social, economic, and cultural aspects of its inhabit-

ants. (Budiharjo, 1998).

1.2 MQTT

The MQTT protocol is one of the IoT's application

protocols. This is the most widely adopted protocol

for developing IoT applications compared with the

other application protocols (N. Naik, 2017). MQTT

was developed by Andy Stanford-Clark of IBM (U.

Hunkeler, 2008) and Arlen Nipper of Arcom in 1999

and standardized in 2013 by the Organization for the

advancement of structured information standards

(OASIS) (A. Banks, 2014). It's suitable for IoT appli-

cations due to its simple model and low bandwidth

usage. Furthermore, it guarantees the reliability of

packet delivery. Some features of the MQTT proto-

col: It's a published/subscribe protocol and runs over

TCP/IP. It's suitable for constrained environments

due to its simplicity and open source code. It also sup-

ports three levels of quality of service (QoS).

In MQTT, the publish-subscribe model men-

tioned below in Figure 1, the publisher sends the data

to the broker for publishing in the 'Publish' message;

a subscriber authenticates and subscribes to the bro-

ker for a certain topic on the 'Subscribe' message, and

the broker sends the data to the specifics subscribers

that are subscribed to the specific topic on 'Publish'

message.

1.3 Emergency Button

The emergency button device is a manual control de-

vice. It is the method of initiating the emergency

function. An Emergency button is an electronic de-

vice designed to assist in alerting somebody in emer-

gencies where a threat to persons or property exists.

These buttons can be connected to a monitoring cen-

ter or locally via a silent alarm or an audible bell/si-

ren. The alarm can be used to request emergency as-

sistance from local security, police, or emergency ser-

vices.

1.4 Security

From such a perspective, the general definition of se-

curity is usually thought to be encountered in the ab-

sence – or at least unlikeliness – of threats to a certain

object. For example, David Baldwin has defined se-

curity astutely as a low probability of damage to ac-

quired (Baldwin, 1997). Similarly, for Lawrence

Krause and Joseph Nye, it was the absence of acute

threats to the minimally acceptable levels of the basic

values that a people consider essential to its survival

(Krause, 1975).

1.5 DMD P10

Dot Matrix Display P10 Running text or also known

as writing walking is one of the electronic media

which is very useful for conveying messages and in-

formation that can also be used as advertising means.

In its development, displaying running text is now

present not only in showing a series of running texts

but also for display images or logos (Simanjuntak,

2019).

iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

704

2 METHOD

In the process of making a prototype, it is necessary

to design and flow to be able to know the develop-

ment and progress of the prototype as follows.

Figure 1: Prototype flow drawing.

The formulation of the problem is obtained based

on real events that often occur in the community, es-

pecially in the housing complex area.

Literature studies on research take sources from

various journals and the internet about wireless home

security, MQTT protocol, IO platform, Internet of

Things, DMD P10, and microcontroller (Imam Su-

trisno et.al., 2014).

2.1 Analysis

a. Functional Needs Analysis

1. Designing a P10 control system circuit using

MQTT.

2. Designing a data transmission system using

MQTT

3. Design a series of tools to support the DMD P10.

control system

b. Non-Functional Needs Analysis

1. Hardware (Hardware)

- Computer/Laptop

- DMD P10. control circuit board

- Jumper Cable

- USB cable

- DC5V adapter

2. Software

- MQTT Explorer app

- Platform IO

- Visual Studio Code

- Eagle

- Fritzing App

2.2 Design

a. Hardware Design

The hardware design is carried out for the ESP 12-e

IC as well as other modules and devices.

Figure 2: Custom PCB Design.

b. Software Design

In the software design, the process of making a pro-

gram on the IO platform is carried out for sending

data from the MQTT explorer to DMDP10 (Sutrisno,

2012).

2.3 Development

Hardware and Software development is carried out as

follows.

- Define components

- Designing the board on the eagle, printing the

board, assembling the board to DMDP10, checking

the board and wiring board

- Upload programs and define efficient algorithms

- Test the tool to make sure the tool works well

2.4 Implementation

At this stage, testing the tool and checking the data

transmission via MQTT explorer to the board and dis-

playing the results on DMDP10 (Jami'in M.A.,2014).

2.5 Evaluation

Evaluation is the stage where the author sees the level

of success of the tool after passing the trial and is used

as input for the next stage of development (Sutrisno,

2014).

Machine to Machine Automatic Housing Area Security System Prototype Using MQTT IoT Communication Protocol

705

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Circuit Results

The series of control systems that we developed to

control DMDP10 can work well. This circuit is

equipped with a buzzer that can be used to turn on the

speaker. Of course, this system is quite effective

when developed for security in homes and housing.

3.2 Prototype Work

Our prototype can send messages from MQTT ex-

plorer to the p10 control system board and display

text on DMDP10. In its development, an emergency

button will be added which will be connected wire-

lessly with the dmdp10 circuit located at the security

post.

3.3 How Prototypes Work

The way this tool works is quite simple but func-

tional. MQTT explorer will send a message to the p10

control system board. Then, from the control system,

P10 will display the results of writing on DMDP10.

Various forms of writing can be displayed. Starting

from numbers, a combination of letters, and others ac-

cording to the DMDP10 specification itself (Jami'in

M.A.,2015)..

3.4 Program Code

The following figure shows the program used to pro-

gram the p10 control system, board.

Figure 3: Image of program code on vscode.

The program that we created is centered on a messag-

ing system that uses MQTT to go to the p10 control

system board. Messages from MQTT explorer will be

sent and received by the esp12-e chip which is on the

p10 control system board. The message will be re-

ceived by the void callback function. This function

will accept the topic and payload sent by the MQTT

explorer. The topic will contain the payload. The pay-

load itself will contain the message that we send. This

message will be converted from a string to a char. Af-

ter being converted to char, the string copy or str copy

function will duplicate the value of this message and

send it to the display.drawstring function so that the

text can be displayed in dmdp10.

3.5 Improving Security System

Effectiveness

With this system, the level of security in residential

areas can be further increased and allows the commu-

nity to become closer to Society 5.0. Because this sys-

tem can facilitate prevention and handling of criminal

acts in residential areas by directly connecting all se-

curity posts which are usually located far from each

other. So that the security officers who are guarding

each post can monitor the overall situation in the

housing area without being limited by the monitoring

area of the security post.

3.6 Comparison with Conventional

Technology

When compared to conventional technology used to-

day, such as Handie Talkie, this system is far supe-

rior. Because Handie Talkie only conveys messages

directly which will then disappear when the message

is broadcasted. The gap lies in this, where sometimes

the message that has been broadcasted is not received

by the security officers due to various factors, such as

unclear message transmission or the officer is not

holding the Handie Talkie.

Meanwhile, when using this system, the message

can be maintained until the situation is under control.

So that it can be ensured that all officers at each secu-

rity post receive the message conveyed and act in ac-

cordance with their respective security procedures

(Sutrisno, 2019).

4 CONCLUSIONS

This system brings people closer to Society 5.0.

Where all social activities can be improved effective-

ness and efficiency with the Internet of Things, in-

cluding the security sector. With this increase, it can

iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

706

create an ideal social environment by minimizing

criminal acts that occur. Prevention and handling of

criminal acts can also be done more precisely and

quickly than before. This prototype system has many

development possibilities. It is hoped that in the fu-

ture this system can be developed further. Starting

from input devices that can be upgraded with various

sensor modules such as cameras, infrared, and Li-

DAR, Main Processing Units that can be programmed

with Machine Learning-based Artificial Intelligence

that can be trained to recognize suspicious objects,

and Output Devices that can be added with motors

that can controlling instrumentation that can block the

way in and out of residential areas.

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