Impact of Integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter on

Photovoltaic Performance Under Meteorological Condition in

Timor Island, Indonesia

Ade Manu Gah, Sumartini Dana and Maychel G. Pae

Electrical Engineering Department, State Polytechnic of Kupang, Kota Kupang, Indonesia

Keywords: Color Filter, Solar Blocking Film, Kupang.

Abstract: Beside solar radiation, a factor that most influences the performance of a PV cell is temperature. When there

is an increase in temperature, the short circuit current (Isc) will increase partially but the value of the open

circuit voltage (Voc) will decrease which then results in the low output power of the PV cell itself. Some

method used to control the surface temperature of solar panels is to use Color Filter and Nano blocking

Film. This method passes visible light with a certain wavelength to hit the cell and at the same time reflects

other light. Regarding to these method, the latest research used a Light Simulator in the laboratory, where

the Filter and Blocking Film impacts on solar panel are tested separately, found that the use of Nano Film

was effective in increasing the efficiency of PV Panels up to 14%. However, there has not been a similar

application carried out in real conditions (outdoor/outside the Lab) and there has been no integration

research under conditions where the two filters are combined. This research aims to analyse the performance

of a Photovoltaic System with integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filters under Real conditions,

namely the climatic conditions of Timor Island lndonesia. The method in this research is an experimental

method where the performance of photovoltaic without solar Filters is compared with the performance of

photovoltaic that has been integrated with solar blocking film rate of 40% and Color Filters yellow, purple

and red. The results show that the performance of PV panels by using a combination of 40% Solar Blocking

Film and Yellow Color Filters has succeeded in increasing the output power by up to 7,81% compared to

PV panel without filters.

INTRODUCTION

Solar Cell is a semiconductor technology that

converts solar energy into electrical energy. When

sunlight (photons) hit the surface of the solar cell,

electrons are separated from the semiconductor

material which then creates a flow of electrons known

as electric current. In addition to electric current,

electric voltage also appears as a result of conversion.

The amount of light absorbed by the solar cell is

directly proportional to the amount of current

produced while the voltage produced depends on the

temperature and the type of material used in its

manufacture (Ahmad Manasrah, 2019).

One of the things that most affect the performance

of a PV cell is temperature. When there is an increase

in low temperature, the short circuit current (Isc) will

increase partially while the value of the open circuit

voltage (Voc) decreases which results in the output

power of the PV cell itself which then impacts on the

low efficiency of the PV cell performance. On the

other hand, if the PV temperature is reduced to near

the nominal operating temperature, the PV efficiency

will be higher (Teo, Lee, & Hawlader, 2012).

One solution to prevent the increase in

temperature is to use a light filter. The use of light

filters on solar panels is intended so that sunlight

hitting the surface of the panel is a spectrum of light

with a longer wave and less energy (Sudhakar, Jain, &

Bagga, 2013). In addition, studies on the use of 20%-

80% blocking film and color filters have also been

used to reduce the temperature of the PV panels and

the efficiency results obtained are quite good

compared to not using filters (Ahmad Manasrah,

2019). However, the use of color filters and film

blocking in this study was tested on the Light

Simulator in the Laboratory.

Indonesia's position on the equator has made

Indonesia as one of the countries with the largest solar

energy absorption in ASEAN. The average intensity

714

Gah, A., Dana, S. and Pae, M.

Impact of Integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter on Photovoltaic Performance Under Meteorological Condition in Timor Island, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0011875100003575

In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2022), pages 714-718

ISBN: 978-989-758-619-4; ISSN: 2975-8246

of solar radiation in Indonesia can reach up to 4.8 kilo

watt hour per meter square per day (EBTKE, 2020).

East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is one of the provinces in

Indonesia with longer summer season than the rainy

season. Summer season in NTT can last 7-8 months

while the rainy season lasts 4-5 months. Due to the

long duration of summer for 1 year, NTT is

considered to be quite rich in sunlight. The highest

intensity of solar radiation in Indonesia is in NTT,

especially in Sumba Island and Timor Island can

reach up to 60 GW (Bere, 2020). This potential later

became the government's project to make NTT a solar

barn (EBTKE, 2020). Despite having the best solar

energy potential in Indonesia, the electrification ratio

in NTT is still lower than many other regions in

Indonesia. Utilization of solar energy through the

technology of converting solar energy into electrical

energy is still very low compared to its potential.

As mentioned above, Timor Island is one of the

islands in Indonesia with the best light intensity and

the average temperature on Timor Island is around

26-32 degrees Celsius (Basuk, Lidjang, & Nulik).

With such a high ambient temperature, it is important

to consider the use of Filters in the Solar Cell system

built around Timor Island. Considering this, this

research will conduct a study on the performance of

the Solar System by involving the use of Solar

Blocking Film and/or Color Filters.

This research will take a case study in Bioba as

one of the villages located in Kupang Regency. The

reason for choosing Bioba Village is because this

village is still not being electrified even though the

potential power plant through PV system is great.

This area has a fairly high light intensity, reaching 7.3

KW with a fairly high average temperature of 30

degrees Celsius (Weather Spark, 2022).

METHOD

The stages of this applied research are as follows:

Figure 1: Research Stages.

A. Project Planning

The main purpose of this plan is to get the design

and testing method of the Photovoltaic system that

was built and integrated with Solar Blocking Films

and Spectrum Color Filters. Block diagram of the

system that was built is shown below.

Figure 2: System’s Block Diagram.

B. System Requirements

At this stage, an analysis is carried out to determine

the requirements for the system development and

system testing Some of the main components of the

System are:

• Solar Panels,

• Charge Controller,

• Inverters,

• Battery

• AC and DC loads,

• Thermocouple

• Temperature Recorder

• IR thermometer

• Irradiance Meter

• Multimeter

• Solar Blocking Film with a blocking rate of 40%

• Spectrum Color Filter (red, violet, and yellow).

Figure 3: Systems Design.

Pro

ect Plannin

Analysis of System

Requirements

System

Development

stem Testin

Result and Re

ort

Impact of Integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter on Photovoltaic Performance Under Meteorological Condition in Timor

Island, Indonesia

715

C. System’s Testing

This stage serves to determine the performance of

the PV system built under the climate conditions of

Timor Island in Bioba Village, Southwest Amfoang.

Performance indicators of the PV system built are

current, voltage, power, panel temperature, and

system efficiency. Some of the tests to be carried

out:

a. PV System Performance without integration

with Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter

b. PV System Performance with Solar Blocking

Film integration with blocking rates of 40%

c. PV System Performance with Integrated

Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter

3 RESULT

The performance of the system are measured

continuously from 09.00 to 14.00 where the intensity

of the sunlight in Timor is considered high. The

average temperature of the environment is around 35

degree Celcius.

Table 1: PV System Performance without integration of

Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter.

Time

Voltage

(Volt)

Current

(Ampere)

Power

(Watt)

08.00 19,35 1,77 34,23

09.00 19,01 1,72 32,62

10.00 18,78 1,70 31,93

11.00 18,03 1,67 30,27

12.00 18,45 1,70 31,42

13.00 18,70 1,72 32,25

14.00 18,35 1,68 30,95

Table 2: PV System Performance with Solar Blocking

Film integration with blocking rates of 40%.

Time

Voltage

(

Volt

)

Current

(

ere

)

Power

(

Watt

)

08.00 19,50 1,86 36,27

09.00 18,93 1.80 34,07

10.00 18,81 1,80 33,85

11.00 18,63 1,79 33,34

12.00 18,43 1,76 32,52

13.00 18,40 1,77 32,56

14.00 18,70 1,75 32,72

From the table we can see that the Power output

of the system with solar blocking film is better than

the PV power output without addition of the

Blocking Film

Table 3: PV System Performance with Solar Blocking

Film integration with blocking rates of 40% and Yellow

Color Filter.

Time

Voltage

(Volt)

Current

(Ampere)

Power

(Watt)

08.00 20,24 1,93 39,14

09.00 20,24 1,95 39,56

10.00 18,52 1,79 33,16

11.00 18,38 1,78 32,82

12.00 18,17 1,76 32,03

13.00 18,20 1,76 32,12

14.00 18,31 1,77 32,55

Power output of the system with the integration

of 40% blocking Film and Color Filter Yellow

shows better result compared to the previous

treatments.

Table 4: PV System Performance with Integration of 40%

Solar Blocking Film and Violet Color Filter.

Time

Voltage

(

Volt

)

Current

(

ere

)

Power

(

Watt

)

08.00 19,55 1,66 32,57

09.00 18,87 1,60 30,26

10.00 18,94 1,60 30,47

11.00 18,62 1,58 29,43

12.00 18,14 1,53 27,91

13.00 18,15 1,54 27,96

14.00 18,29 1,55 28,42

Table 5: PV System Performance with Integration of 40%

Solar Blocking Film and Red Color Filter.

Time

Voltage

(

Volt

)

Current

(

ere

)

Power

(

Watt

)

08.00 19,85 1.67 33,15

09.00 18,66 1,59 29,66

10.00 18,27 1,55 2835

11.00 18,02 1,53 28,31

12.00 18,05 1,53 27,61

13.00 17,9 1,52 27,21

14.00 18,05 1,54 27,79

iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

716

The results shows that the best performance is

shown by the PV system with the integration of 40%

Solar Blocking Film and Yellow Collor Filter.

The comparison with the system without any

Filters is presented in the table below:

Table 6: Comparison with the system without any Filters.

Time

Without

Filter

With 40% Blocking

Film + Yellow Collor

Filter

P P

Δ P (%)

08.00 3.423,02 3914,42 14,36

09.00 3.262,12 3956,92 21,30

10.00 3.193,91 3316,93 3,85

11.00 3.027,24 3282,67 8,44

12.00 3.142,04 3203,37 1,95

13.00 3.225,75 3212,30 -0,42

14.00 3.095,65 3255,52 5,16

Average 7,81

From the table, we can see that there is 7,81% of

increase in Power Output if the system integrated

with the 40% solar blocking Film and Yellow Color

Filter.

4 CONCLUSION

The research is aiming to measure the performance

of the PV system with and without addition of

Blocking films and Color Filter under the

meteorological condition of Timor Island. The

results shows that the best performance is shown by

the system with the integration of 40% of Solar

Blocking Films and Yellow Color Filter where there

was an increase around 7, 81 % of its power output

compared to the system without integration of any

Filter. On the contrary, the addition of the different

colors (Violet and Red) integrated with 40%

blocking Film in this research show reduc the

performance of the panel.

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