Some Comments on the Novel "Alisher Navai" by Isajan Sultan
B. N. Karimov
Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Keywords: Novel, Image, Poetic Speech, Idea, Portrait, Method, Realism, Historical Period.
Abstract: This article examines the literary and theoretical aspects of Isajon Sultan's novel "Alisher Navoi." The article
analyzes the reasons for the writer's return to this historical figure, the creative freedom given to the writers
of the new period, the sense of the historical environment, the stylistic uniqueness and individuality of the
artistic image, and the nature of poetic speech. The article also shows how Isajon Sultan uses poetic methods
to illuminate the external and internal world of the characters in the novel, in particular, his skill in comparing
and paralleling the image of nature with the psychological state of a person. The author emphasizes that most
of the names of the chapters in the structure of the novel "Alisher Navoi" were chosen in accordance with the
titles of the works of the great poet. The article concludes by stating that Isajon Sultan's novel is a poetic
interpretation of the life and work of Alisher Navoi that reflects the writer's respect for the great poet.
1 INTRODUCTION
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in
historical figures in modern Uzbek literature. The
images of creative people such as Mahmud Koshgari,
Ahmad Yassavi, Mashrab, Agha-yi Hoji, and Avaz
Otar have appeared on the literary scene. The new
novel Alisher Navoi by the talented writer Isajon
Sultan is a valuable addition to the Uzbek literary
treasure trove. Sultan turned to the figure of Alisher
Navoi out of spiritual necessity.
Sultan (2021) suggests that his novel should be read
slowly and savored. It is not to be rushed through, but
rather read with a sense of the overall feeling and
inner poetic rhythm of the work. The reader should
imagine themselves traveling with the Ghiyosiddin
Kichkinas family to Iraq, or following Alisher on his
trip to Samarkand, or with Hazrat Navoi on his
voluntary pilgrimage to Astrobad. The reader should
wonder what will happen in the coming days.
Towards the end of the novel, the reality intensifies
and the conflict between the characters increases. The
reader may feel a sense of urgency to finish the novel.
However, it is worth taking the time to savor the last
few chapters.
*
Corresponding author
Reading Alisher Navoi is like diving into the depths
of the ocean. The reader travels back five or six
hundred years to the time of Alisher Navoi. In the
treasury of our classical literature, the reader finds a
great jewel. The reader’s eyes are dazzled by the light
of this jewel.
The novel is a poetic observation of Hazrat Navoi.
The reader meets Hazrat Navoi, communicates with
him, accompanies him on his journeys, and witnesses
his hard work and happy moments. Alisher Navoi has
given the reader and us priceless and happy moments
of reading.
The novel is like a palace built as a symbol of high
respect for Alisher Navoi. The officials of this
magnificent palace are kind. The interior is
mysterious. The walls are thick. The rooms are big.
The doors are thick. The patterns are golden. The
flowers are rich.
The architect, as a host, entertains the reader and us at
the table of artistic words with Hazrat Navoi. The
architect does this in accordance with his thinking
power, memory, and artist's pen. Material blessings
give the body. Spiritual food gives rest and strength
to the soul.
Karimov, B.
Some Comments on the Novel "Alisher Navai" by Isajan Sultan.
DOI: 10.5220/0012486800003792
Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
In Proceedings of the 1st Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies (PAMIR 2023), pages 321-327
ISBN: 978-989-758-687-3
Proceedings Copyright © 2024 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda.
321

2 EXPERIMENTAL PART
Writing a novel about past scientists, especially about
Alisher Navoi, is not an easy task. There are already
many novels and books about Navoi, including
Navoi's Heart Notebook (Sultanov, 1969) and Alisher
Navoi (Oybek, 1976). These novels and books offer a
variety of perspectives on Navoi's life and work, but
they all share a common goal: to bring the great poet
and statesman to life for a new generation of readers.
Isajon Sultan's novel Alisher Navoi is a masterful
example of this genre. Sultan does an excellent job of
bringing Navoi to life by using a variety of literary
techniques, including historical accuracy, character
development, and vivid descriptions.
Historical accuracy: Sultan carefully researched
Navoi's life and times, and he incorporates this
knowledge into his novel. For example, he describes
the political and social events of Navoi's day, and he
accurately depicts the customs and traditions of the
time. This attention to detail helps readers to feel as if
they are transported back to Navoi's world.
Character development: Sultan takes the time to
develop Navoi's character. We see him as a child, a
young man, and an old man. We see him as a poet, a
statesman, and a religious scholar. We see his
strengths and weaknesses, his triumphs and his
failures. This well-rounded portrayal of Navoi makes
him a more relatable and complex figure.
Vivid descriptions: Sultan uses vivid language to
describe the world of Navoi. We see the beauty of the
natural world, the bustle of the city, and the grandeur
of the court. We feel the pain of loss, the joy of love,
and the excitement of adventure. Sultan's descriptions
bring Navoi's world to life and make it feel real to the
reader. In addition to these literary techniques, Sultan
also uses a variety of other devices to bring Navoi to
life. For example, he includes fictionalized scenes
that help to illustrate Navoi's character and
experiences. He also uses dialogue to give readers a
sense of Navoi's voice and personality. As a result of
Sultan's careful attention to detail and his use of a
variety of literary techniques, Alisher Navoi is a novel
that is both historically accurate and emotionally
engaging. It is a must-read for anyone interested in
learning more about the life and work of this great
figure.
Historical accuracy: Sultan carefully researched
Navoi's life and times, and he incorporates this
knowledge into his novel. For example, he describes
the political and social events of Navoi's day, and he
accurately depicts the customs and traditions of the
time. (Rasulov, 2017; Sultanov, 1969; Oybek, 1976,
Volume 6)
Character development: Sultan takes the time to
develop Navoi's character. We see him as a child, a
young man, and an old man. We see him as a poet, a
statesman, and a religious scholar. We see his
strengths and weaknesses, his triumphs and his
failures.
Vivid descriptions: Sultan uses vivid language to
describe the world of Navoi. We see the beauty of the
natural world, the bustle of the city, and the grandeur
of the court. We feel the pain of loss, the joy of love,
and the excitement of adventure. Isajon Sultan's novel
has had a significant impact on Uzbek literature. It
has been praised for its historical accuracy, its
character development, and its vivid descriptions. It
has also been praised for its emotional impact. The
novel has helped to introduce Navoi to a new
generation of readers, and it has inspired them to learn
more about his life and work. Isajon Sultan's novel is
a masterpiece of the novel genre. It is a skillfully
crafted work of art that combines historical accuracy,
character development, and vivid descriptions to
create a compelling and moving story. The novel is a
testament to Sultan's talent as a writer, and it is sure
to be enjoyed by readers of all ages.
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Every creator has his or her own lofty ideals and
dreams in their heart; classic citizens like Alisher
Navoi live there. Through the novel, we will get to
know the world of Hazrat Navoi in the artistic
thinking and imagination of Isajon Sultan. When he
comes face-to-face with the image of the Lord we are
thinking about, naturally we are satisfied, happy, and
moved.
In fact, Isajon Sultan, as a talented writer, in a sense,
presented the image of Alisher Navoi that we
imagined to the judgment of dear readers.
Companionship, brotherhood, joy, suffering,
suffering, reciting ghazals, enjoying words,
wandering the streets of Herat and Iraq, receiving
blessings from the world like Ali Yazdi, making
friends with Sultan Husayn.
In Isajon Sultan's novel "Navoi", Alisher Navoi
experiences a number of stages, including giving
advice to Badiuzzaman, calling for peace with
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Abulmuhin Mirzo, listening to people's pain, and
living with the dream of a great journey. Professor
Umarali Normatov rightly stated that Sultan Husayn
Mirza, Abulmuhin Mirzo, and dozens of other
Timurid princes are shown in a unique new light in
Isajon Sultan's novel. According to Normatov, the
vivid images of these historical figures emerge from
the depths of history as a result of the writer's diligent
study of the distant past, social-political, literary-
spiritual historical environment, and his love for the
eloquence and maturity of classical prose, literary
language and style, and Alisher Navoi's work in
general[Normatov Umarali. 2021.].
In the novel, the writer inserts excerpts from the
poet's prose and poetic works in key places, thus
transporting the reader into the aura of the central
figure. The writer establishes a number of beautiful
qualities, such as humanity, loyalty to friends,
faithfulness to promises, kindness, and goodness, as
the foundation of Alisher Navoi's personality. All of
the other secondary characters in the novel serve to
highlight these rare qualities of the protagonist in a
more profound manner. In fact, this is the nature of
great prose works with historical and biographical
content, as they strive to depict the spiritual and
psychological world of the main character in every
way.
The novel is divided into four parts: "Gharaib us-
sigar", "Navodir us-shabab", "Badoe' ul-vasat", and
"Favoid ul-kibor". These parts correspond to the
internal structure of Hazrat Alisher Navoi's book
"Khazayin ul Maoniy". The novel details Alisher's
childhood, youth, middle age experiences, and
especially the benefits of old age. The fourth part,
"Favoid ul-kibor", occupies a relatively large place in
the novel. This is natural, as it is a historical fact that
Navoi's work matured in all respects during this
period of his life. It is also a historical fact that the
masterpieces that he presented to the literary pleasure
of mankind, Uzbek literature, and world literature in
general, were written during these years.
The writer deeply understands the enjoyment of
completing "Khamsa", the situations of remaining
situations, the discussions of "Muhokamatul
lugatayn", and the flights of "Lison ut-tayr". He finds
artistic images and expressions that are suitable for
the delightful stages of Hazrat's work. In such pages
of the novel, which are related to the psychology of
creativity, the words of Isajon Sultan and Alisher
Navoi combine to create a strange, mysterious, and
attractive harmony.
The writer is well aware of the metaphorical
nature of fiction, or "symbolic language." In one
scene, a teenage poet sings a beautiful ghazal in a
circle. Sheikh Kamal Turbati turns to the people of
the assembly and gives an assessment of Alisher
Navoi's insight: "Be witness, this young man who
entered the battlefield of poetry left all the
commanders in a spot and hit Zuhra with a single
arrow, and it was a price!" [Isajan Sultan. Alisher
Navoi. Roman. 2021]. In this way, the writer uses
symbolic language to convey the idea that Alisher
Navoi is a talented poet who has achieved great
success.
The art of artistic words is appreciated for its ability
to convey many meanings with few words. Too many
words spoken or written thoughtlessly can bring
disaster. The rules of artistry play a role in the
definition of textile images, often turning their
behavior towards the expression of an artistic idea in
accordance with the text of the character.
The author is very careful in his writing. He knows
and studies the fate of historical figures, and he writes
thoughtfully and accurately. For example, because
Navoi lives in Herat, he gives a very impartial
assessment of the image of Shaibani Khan, who
restrains his warlike campaigns. He does not make an
enemy out of Shaibani Khan.
If necessary, the author learns the names of birds,
animals, foods, weapons, various historical
household items, and even the verbs, behavior, and
clothing of the peoples living in a certain region—
Pashaji, Gabri, Lamghoni, Luri, Ghurii. For example,
in one scene, the author describes the musicians who
are playing at a party. He mentions the names of the
different musical instruments that they are playing,
such as the duhul, nadir, kos, tablaq, tabal, koshnay,
and trumpet. He also mentions the names of the
musicians who are playing these instruments, such as
the masters of nayi Rumi, steam, nafir, and tirsakki.
I think that the author has the right to know these
things and to express them in his work. When he does
so, he enters the historical and cultural environment
of the time period that he is writing about. For
example, when he describes the music that is being
played at the party, he gives the reader a sense of what
life was like in Herat in the 15th century.
Such labor, study, and research on the part of the
author does not go without a trace. It burdens the
stage of success of the literary-theoretical assessment
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323

and measurement scales. In other words, the author's
attention to detail and his knowledge of the historical
and cultural context of his work make it a valuable
literary work.
In one place, the author describes the horse
accessories that are hung on the stakes. He mentions
seventeen different types of horse accessories. In such
places, the author becomes a horse rider. He describes
the climate of a certain geographical area, the names
of trees and grasses suitable for it, like an expert
scientist. He also considers it a very important detail
to give the quality of prayer to the interlacing veins of
grasses or smallpox. The author explains that "grasses
speak to each other through their veins" in front of his
poetic eyes.
The author of the novel "Navoi" is a talented writer
who is well aware of the metaphorical nature of
fiction. He uses symbolic language to convey the idea
that Alisher Navoi is a talented poet who has achieved
great success. He is also very careful in his writing,
and he knows and studies the fate of historical figures.
He writes thoughtfully and accurately, and he burdens
the stage of success of the literary-theoretical
assessment and measurement scales. He is a talented
writer who is committed to his craft.
The plot of the novel includes a detail of a
celestial comet that carries a symbolic meaning. This
detail is inspired by the fact that Hazrat Navoi
witnessed the comet's movement several times during
his life. Images such as "the janitor of the house with
his broom sweeps the clouds that have strayed from
the north to the edge of the sky, they are like the
spread feathers of a palace peacock" are expressions
of inspiration taken from the content of Navoi's
ghazal about the place of dawn. On another page,
"Like a worm in a cocoon, he stopped eating and
drinking, retreated from worldly affairs and created
silk." That is, it died and became silk. As if it sprouted
like a seed that went into the ground and opened into
a tulip: it became a smallpox" Navoi wisdom is
inculcated.
In fact, the author's philosophy of life is very
important for the novel genre. Isajon Sultan, who was
familiar with the world of the great poet and decided
to show the artistic scenes of the human heart,
sometimes embellished his work with sayings from
his life experiences, such as "The oppressors were
like worms that fell into the fruit of the kingdom",
"The life of the world is a conspiracy, only those who
left it achieved happiness", "The Almighty has
blessed the spring".
In a work of art, if each character is portrayed
according to their nature, the power of believability
increases. It is difficult to imagine the image of
Hazrat Navoi separately from the historical
environment, from the Muslim-dominated times,
from the way of life, piety, sect, prayer, and
obedience of the poet typical of true believers. From
this point of view, the author of the novel feels the
need to alternately refer to the holy verses of the
Qur'an, the content of the hadith, as well as the
Qur'anic stories. In fact, the use of the word of God,
the hadiths of the Prophet (pbuh) in poetic
interpretation, the use of religious and educational
concepts in the process of showing the image of
ancestors, outlook and way of thinking, is appropriate
to consider the possibilities presented by the literary
policy of today's creative people as derivatives of
creative freedom.
One of the episodes in the novel that will shake the
reader's heart is probably the pages related to the
death of Momin Mirza, "a good-natured, intelligent
teenager with little curly and dark hair, straight
eyebrows, a white face, red cheeks, and the fire of
courage in his eyes." At that moment, it is as if "a bird
of misfortune is flying over the palace." According to
the writer, "the witch of the night spreads her web of
deceit after the night has passed." And then" Clouds
of drunkenness completely cover the moon of the
mind" and Sultan Husayn drunkenly signs the
document condemning his grandson to death. In the
image of the runners carrying the label, the author
uses "black night, the runners are even blacker" color
paints, "the sky was full of clouds, and it was raining,"
he adds. The terrible scenes of Momin Mirza's
execution in the season of "Kora Chopar" destroy the
human heart. The reader's heart is shaken by the
proposal of the martyred eleven-year-old smart,
intelligent teenager to tie a label to the string of the
string that strangled himself and send it to his
grandfather. "My will is that when you finish your
work, tie my grandfather's decree with a length of this
bow string and give it back to them. Tell them that I
will definitely ask the question of this case at the
gallows of God!". Such tragedies are also a historical
fact, and its artistic expression, the plea of an innocent
child, the body, the image of the eyes, brave, truthful
and impressive words are the product of Isajon
Sultan's skill.
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In the fourth part of the novel, "Marv", the conflict
between father and son - Sultan Husayn and
Abulmuhsin Mirza - is written. Power is on the
father's side; the fatherless can teach his son a lesson
with one attack. But father goes to istihola. A father
is still a father, therefore, the son - Abulmuhsin feels
in his heart that he will be in taraddud, that is, "the sin
and blame of raising an army against his father is
heavy." Then Sultan Husain, who raised his son and
even wrote the book "Akhlaqi Muhsini" on his behalf,
wants to send Husain Vaiz Koshifi as an ambassador
for peace. But Prince Abulmuhsin wants Alisher
Nawai to be the ambassador. And so it is done. Hazrat
left all his work, even his trip to Makkah Mukarrama,
and left.
In the same place where Alisher Navoi teaches
his father to bow like a bent "dol" in Arabic writing,
Abulmuhsin Mirzo, who is akin to the poet's literary
art, does not bend like a "dol", but indicates that the
letter "sin" flows like water and obeys his father. The
conflict between them will end, and peace will be
established.
At Sultan Husayn's request, Navoi advises Prince
Badiuzzamon. In such pages of the novel, it is deeply
imagined how great services the great poet has done
for the peace and tranquility of the country's kingdom.
Poetic speech in the novel is a very important and
special literary phenomenon. After the mention of an
owl or "the owl's ugly screech", comes a depressing
statement of reality, such as some rudeness or unrest
in some area. The writer mentally prepares the reader
for the next event. The style of Isajon Sultan's novel
draws a parallel line between social-historical,
domestic-moral reality and natural phenomena. On
many pages, the writer draws the reader's attention to
images related to a change in nature, for example,
lightning, golden rays of the sun, a cloudy day, the
sound of winter, the breath of spring. The historical
events, inter-character reconciliation, discussion or
internal conflicts that will be presented in the next
pages will be adapted accordingly. Alisher Navoi's
sojourn, in particular, when he was getting calm after
his hard days in Samarkand and was mentally
preparing for learning, wrote sentences like: "Yes,
spring has changed many things, the sky was
lowering, the stars were getting closer and twinkling
as if promising a wonderful future." Or "Fall has
come again. The sky of Great Samarkand was
covered with rain clouds. There was mud
everywhere." It is natural that the events after such
"muddling" take on a complicated nature. Alisher
Navoi is given very naturally in life, among ordinary
and royal people. Those who envy him many, at the
same time, the novelist animates cities as well as
people. For example, the reader writes about Alisher
Navoi, who is returning to Hiri before his eyes:
"Samarqand, who did not spare the bounty of Nozu,
was grateful for all kinds of blessings with emerald
autumn, silver winter, zabarjad spring and mercury
summer. was returning." After that, Navoi will be
followed by Samarkand.
Sultan Husayn ascended the throne and Alisher Navoi
recalled the happy occasion when he was called to
Herat. It is not difficult to understand from an
expression such as these dead people who were
grazing in puddles up to their stomachs.
Unpleasant events such as conspiracies, treason, riots,
and robbery are described in the style of "an
unpleasant breeze blowing dust and horse dung."
Dozens of expressions such as Gavharshodbegim
putting "a veil of conspiracy on his head" and
"reddening from repentance of the prostrate sun" are
among the artistic achievements of the author. In the
places where phrases such as "another spiritual bird
flapped its wings over the meeting" are used, the
writer remembers the flight of the bird of inspiration
in his heart, which one of his works has progressed.
The saying about a person, "the wheel of the planet
was now pouring water into his mill" turns its source
towards my country. Unique conciseness in the
construction of sentences, similes, decorative
sentences, using as many Uzbek words as possible,
such as "bulukboshi", "chapku", "tolgama",
"chaikalma", "yozloq", "o'truk", "tutuqlanmish",
"ushuk" - All of these gain great value in the novel
about Alisher Navoi, as they are directed towards
showing the charm of the national language that
Hazrat dreamed of. It is not for nothing that the novel
talks about the color, value, power and range of
words. After all, Alisher Navoi settled in the gulshan
of adab precisely because of words.
Another example of Isajon Sultan's sense of the
environment and his thorough understanding of the
style of classical prose and poetry is that at the end of
the novel, the chapter "Mangulik Azimati" and the
following "Khotima" talk about Navoi's desire for the
eternal world. Farhad's exclamation comes from
"Khamsa", someone reads "Munojot" with his
glasses. In this place, Isajon Sultan again dwells on
the poet's ghazal "Chekti", which begins with the
lines "Sahar Khovar Shahi Charkh Uzrakim Khaylu
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325

Hasham Chekti" and his: "Kitoba sun' kilki surai
vash-shams.
Alisher Navoi opened his heart to people like
him, people of the pen. For this, every person's way
of life, heart, intention, and action should be pure,
clean, and moderate. The novel tells the general
readership that Hazrat Alisher Navoi lived up to his
belief that "a pure heart and pure eyes, a pure tongue
and pure words."
In world literature, there is a literary phenomenon
called intertextuality, which refers to the inclusion of
fragments from the works of other writers in a written
work. Literary critics use this term more for
postmodernist works. This phenomenon can be
witnessed in some of the works written by Isajon
Sultan. Perhaps it is appropriate to call them
postmodernist with the term used in world literature.
However, in the writer's novel "Alisher Navoi," the
realistic artistic expression of historical events is
strong, and fragments taken from Alisher Navoi's
own works make up the majority rather than foreign
texts. Because modern realistic novels are enriched
with new methods and images according to their
texture, Isajon Sultan's novel "Alisher Navoi" is an
important literary event in Uzbek literature and
should be considered as a good example of updated
realism.
The figure of Alisher Navoi gave beauty to Herat and
Sultan Husayn's kingdom. If the pen of fate had
written the fate of these two friends in a different way,
perhaps Sultan Husayn would have been forgotten by
mankind as a king and a great man in history, or he
would have been mentioned as a mere ruler on a
simple page of history.
Alisher Navoi is Sultan Husayn's blessing. He was
honored thanks to his poet friend; he drank water
from the fountain of eternity. The new novel
emphasizes the mutual friendship and brotherhood of
the poet-volunteer king and the king-volunteer poet,
on the edge of understanding each other's language
without words.
In philological science, there is a concept called the
statistical method. It deals with counting and
calculations. For example, in the past, when
nanotechnology was not a tradition, a scientist might
have taken five years to count how many words
Hazrat Navoi used in his works. However, now, with
the help of computers, this task can be completed in
minutes. Counting is important in the statistical
method. For example, classifications such as word
counting, new or old, Arabic, Persian, and Turkish are
also based on counting.
According to the application of this method, for
example, what is the number of moving characters in
Isajon Sultan's novel? It can be counted if necessary.
However, I did not count them. Because all small,
episodic, and secondary characters are Alisher Navoi.
The novel "Alisher Navoi" by Isajon Sultan is a
masterpiece of Uzbek literature. It is a realistic and
artistic representation of the life and work of one of
the greatest poets and thinkers of the Islamic world.
The novel is enriched with new methods and images,
and it is a good example of updated realism.
The novel emphasizes the importance of friendship
and brotherhood, and it shows how these qualities can
lead to great achievements. The novel is a must-read
for anyone interested in Uzbek literature, history, or
the life and work of Alisher Navoi.
4 CONCLUSION
The novel ends with a sad and prayerful scene of
Alisher Navoi's illness. The pages describing the
poet's illness, when he said, "he would fall if his leg
got caught in a spider's thread," are very moving. The
dark clouds that thicken in Hiri's sky and the city's
mourning clothes reflect the sorrow of the reader as
they say goodbye to this wise and glorious person.
In the novel, the figure of Alisher Navoi towers over
all others, like an ancient maple tree. This is enough
to say that Uzbek literature is beautiful and rich
thanks to Alisher Navoi. Without Navoi, literature
becomes pale and Mavoraunnahr becomes empty.
This is one of the reasons why people of creativity are
constantly drawn to the image of Hazrat.
When the novel was finished, many people wished
that it would be made into a film. One person who
made this wish was an old man who was a sweeper.
He had a book in his hand, and he was sitting near the
mausoleum of Sheikh Abdullah Ansari. He wanted to
be in the film, even if it was just for a short scene. He
wanted to be near such great people.
The novel "Alisher Navoi" is a masterpiece of Uzbek
literature. It is a beautiful and inspiring story about
one of the greatest poets and thinkers of the Islamic
world. The novel has been translated into other
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languages so that more people can appreciate its
beauty.
In the novel, the writer avoids the traditional
stereotype of criticizing the work and instead focuses
on the wisdom and virtue of the novel.
REFERENCES
Isajan Sultan. Alisher Navoi. Roman. 2021. - Tashkent:
Adabiyot, - 512 pages.
Mirkarim Asim. 1987 Darkness is light / On caravan roads.
- T., - B. 208-332.
Normatov Umarali. 2021.Eternal fascination with Navoi /
Selected works. -Tashkent: Sharq, - p. 570.
Oybek. Navoi 1976.. - Tashkent: Science, Volume 6.
Oybek. 1995.Boy Alisher. - Tashkent: Cholpon, - 80 pages.
Rasulov Abdugafur. 2017 The philosophy of reflections /
Isajon Sultan's prose art. Tashkent. "Turon zamin ziya"
publishing house. page 53.
Sultanov Izzat. 1969 Navoi's heart notebook. Tashkent.
Fiction publishing house named after Gafur Ghulam.
414 pages.
Koshjanov Matyakub. 2019. Great Navoi in the image of
the great Oybek / Election. - Tashkent: Sharq, - p. 319
Khaitmetov Abdukadir. 2015 Navoi's lyrics (completed and
corrected second edition). - Tashkent: Uzbekistan,.
Khakkulov Ibrakhim. 1989.Under the chained lion. -
Tashkent: Yulduzcha,
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