Portable Microgrid Development with Power Management and

Quality Power Capability using PLC for Disasster Mangement

Sheila H

1 a

, Kaveri K B

2 b

,Shri Harsha J

3 c

and Thejaswini R

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology,

VTU University, Mysuru, India

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Engineering, VTU University, Mysuru, India

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Rajeev Institute of Engineering and Technology, VTU University,

Hassan, India

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Channabasaveshwara Institute of Technology, VTU University,

Tumkuru, India

Keywords: Microgrid, Power Control, Dynamic Programming, Fuzzy Logic, Power Quality, DSTATCOM, Krill-Herd

Technology.

Abstract:Microgrid is an amalgamation of several generators and grids interconnected by solar photovoltaic systems, diesel

generators and grids to provide quality electricity to customers. Portable microgrid technology is designed f

or emergencies such as peaceful situations such as landslides. Portable microgrids must manage power gene

ration and provide the right power to connected devices. This is the main challenge for good electricity in hy

brid electric power generation. This article introduces the accomplishment of a power control strategy using

dynamic programming and fuzzy logic system and improving the performance of DSTATCOM technology

by developing a control strategy, calculating current information and designing electronic components for ci

rcuit operation.

1 INTRODUCTION

Likely disaster is catastrophic actions of climatic,

geological and hydrological origin. They are events

originating from the environment that cause damage

and injury in life. Declaring a disaster depends on the

severity of the event, the numeral of sufferers

involved, the duration of the event (eg, the

suddenness of the event, accommodation and

clothing, weather conditions, location, etc.).

Causing human suffering and creating human

needs that cannot be solved by the victims, it also

causes degradation of energy sources that have been

widely used for days to heal old life. (J. A. Michline,

2014) (Angel Fernández Sarabia). A microgrid or

power distribution system is a system that distributes

resources and loads with the ability to cut and balance

local power, including local power, otherwise there

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2473-0791

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3212-5719

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4970-399X

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0846-9243

may be a power outage in the area. A microgrid

configuration combines numerous renewable power

sources, such as diesel engines, photovoltaic (PV)

panels, with energy storage and distribution grids.

Renewable energy is used as the main energy source

that can be produced as long as there is wind or solar

energy. However, since solar power and wind speed

are uncontrollable, energy support is needed to

support the management and operation of the

microgrid. Traditionally, this work is done with

energy storage, such as batteries. State of the art

technology must be used to keep production control

running smoothly.

Various artificial intelligence algorithms such as

expert machines, fuzzy logic, and genetic algorithms

have been developed and tested for various energy

sources. Artificial intelligence methods provide the

operation and control of artificial intelligence

H, S., K B, K., Harsha J, S. and R, T.

Portable Microgrid Development with Power Management and Quality Power Capability Using PLC for Disasster Mangement.

DOI: 10.5220/0012506200003808

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Intelligent and Sustainable Power and Energy Systems (ISPES 2023), pages 45-50

ISBN: 978-989-758-689-7

(Sheila.H, 2010) Clarification of PQ problems

ultimately depends on many factors such as what,

why, where, time, reality and frequency that affect the

end customer. Therefore, the increase in demand for

electronic products has revealed a feature that can

adjust the load and network changes of dynamic

payment systems. Normally used filters cannot

respond to changes in the power supply. Therefore,

electrical scientists have developed energy-efficient

filters to solve electrical problems.

2 DISASTER IN THE KODAGU

AREA

Kodagu is most affected by the western cyclone. Rain

in August broke all records in living memory; In

2019, the region saw its highest rainfall since records

began 118 years ago. On July 9, 2018, five years later,

a minor earthquake struck the South Kodagu region,

which is on average 10 km inland between Madikeri

and Sampaje. Kodagu received 768mm of rain on

August 15, 16 and 17, which is almost half of

August's total (1,675mm).72 hours of rain made the

situation worse. Kodagu. Landslides and flooding

occurred in Madikeri and Somwarpet due to heavy

rains.

Fig 1: Ground Report of Landslide.

The earthquake damaged 48 villages in the

Madikeri and Somwarpet taluks. The waters flowed

and the land was abandoned. As a result of

earthquakes and floods, new mountains and rivers are

formed (H. T. Dinh,2016). Thousands of people,

including the elderly and children, walked for miles,

afraid of the terrible sounds heard during the

earthquake. Thousands of people remain silent on

various hills in Kodagu.

The ancient site of Koda was plunged into

complete darkness for about a month. The entire

Kodagu region is in danger of extinction. The only

thought of every family in Kodagu is to save their

own life. The Koda ancients valued life more than

protecting their property, cars, jewelry, and other

material interests. Heavy rains and earthquakes make

noise and cause thousands of deaths.

People climbed mountains, crossed rivers, and

walked together for miles through forests to reach

safety. Even in the pitch black people ran for their

lives, taking the youngest and carrying the oldest.

When disaster strikes, there is a good relationship

between siblings, helping those who need help. Rich

and poor liveunder the same roof. In some cases,

people risk their lives to help others as best they can.

People mourn animals in dangerous places. Dogs,

cows, chickens, pigs and cats are released to escape

danger. The people of Kodagu sleep in fear at night.

People see the worst things they've never heard or

seen before.

3 DEVELOPMENT OF

PORTABLE MICRO-GRIDS

WITH ENERGY

MANAGEMENT AND

PERFORMANCE QUALITY

A. Microgrid Development Figure 2 shows a

simulation model of a portable microgrid linked to

photovoltaic systems, wind turbines, battery storage

systems, diesel generators, grids and loads. Both the

photovoltaic generator and the wind turbine are

designed to be 100 kW, (C.Byers, 1989)

(H.Kakigano, 2013) equipped with a constant voltage

closed loop boost converter that increases the voltage

of the photovoltaic array from 36V to 48V and

connects to the 48V DC bus. LIion battery 180Ah,

48V for charge and discharge controlled energy

storage system. It is advisable to keep all the given

values.

The rectified voltage is connected to the DC bus

via a static transformer to provide power when

equipment is connected and the battery does not have

enough power to support power. The DC bus supplies

1.5kW at the main load of 500W. This article on

microgrids describes modeling and simulation of

electrical systems in matlab(r) and simulink(r) using

simscape electricity (tm). simscape electricity can be

used to schematically represent a single line diagram

of microgrids using blocks that represent (compile)

different electrical devices.

In this example, DER includes renewable energy

sources such as solar power, diesel generators, and

energy storage (ESS). Simulate an electricity

ISPES 2023 - International Conference on Intelligent and Sustainable Power and Energy Systems

distribution or unintentional islanding of a microgrid

with load inverters in a building. Because microgrid

systems often have inverter control for solar and

energy storage, various levels of simulation accuracy

can be used to examine microgrid performance.

Figure 3 and Figure 4 show the output of the proposed

microgrid system. simscape Electricity can be used to

simulate phasors or electromagnetic transitions

(emts) as shown in Figure 5. Transients occurring at

the output indicate that power quality needs

improvement.

Fig.2. Simulation Model of a Portable Microgrid.

Fig.3. Microgrid Output with Inverter Control.

Fig. 4. Microgrid Output with ESS Control.

Fig.5. Electromagnetic Transients.

Portable Microgrid Development with Power Management and Quality Power Capability Using PLC for Disasster Mangement

4 DSTATCOM FOR POWER

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

Many metaheuristic algorithms have been developed

and many researches have been done in biology. The

combination of metaheuristic algorithms is designed

to determine the nature of search and search, which is

most important in metaheuristic algorithms. To

support this, Gandomi proposed the Krill Herd (KH)

algorithm in 2012 as a bio-inspired optimization

technique for solving multidimensional problems. In

the algorithm, krill are small mollusks that form

groups by moving quickly in the ocean to protect

themselves from attack or to find food. The

population framework approach creates an

optimization process.

In the HR algorithm, there are three factors to find

the best one: a) induced motion, b) spurious motion,

and c) physical spread (J.A.MichlineRupa, 2014).

The operation of DSTATCOM (OmPrakashMahela,

2016) (Kushal,2014) is based on the injection of

harmonics into the grid using filters operating during

the harmonics of the grid, which are obtained by

injecting this pure sinusoidal voltage waveform.

Therefore, power quality can be improved by adding

transverse active filters to power distribution systems.

Fig.6. Nonlinear Load with Balanced Supply Voltage.

Figure 6 shows a nonlinear circuit with a balanced

power supply. Current is the current that flows

through the load with harmonics. To compensate for

the compromise in the filter to produce the flow,

apply the KCL we get (Kathiravan, 2018),







 











(1)

The base current and voltage must be known, so

the energy that can be used using the load must be

sent to the location shown in the equation.





 











(2)

Where





 











 





 





(3)

At balanced condition





 





(4)

Where V_R^1=V_Y^1=V_B^1 - rms value of the

phase voltage.

The operation of the DSTATCOM is based on the

exchange of real and reactive powers between the

distribution grid and inverter output of the

DSTATCOM (N. Srinivasa Rao, 2015). The equation

of P and Q power is given by equations 5 and 6

respectively

P=







 / X (5)

Q = 







 



  (6)

Where α -> angle between the bus and inverter

voltages, V

-> inverter output voltage, V

PCC

voltage of coupling, and X->reactance between

the coupling point and grid.

5 KRILL HERD-FUZZY

CONTROLLER ALGORITHM

A very interesting approach in the meta-heuristic

algorithm is the use of a combination of random and

local search. Investigations and manipulations are

performed in the corps using the Krill Herding

Algorithm (KHA)(Amir H,2016). The block diagram

of the proposed krill-Fuzzy herd algorithm is shown

in Figure 7.

Fig.7. Block Diagram of Krill_Fuzzy.

6 PERFORMANCE OF

DSTATCOM USING NOVEL

KRILL HERD-FUZZY (KH-F)

CONTROLLER

The main objective of this work is to select a

technique to enhance the performance of the

DSTATCOM and to design the control strategies

used to calculate the reference current and the trigger

circuit designed to trigger the circuit.

ISPES 2023 - International Conference on Intelligent and Sustainable Power and Energy Systems

Fig 8: Simulink Model of Grid Connected KH-F Controller.

The search of the krill swarm starts without any

information about the optimal solution, the high

random search property of the krill reveals the local

optimal value of the DC link voltage, which the

simulation model shows in Figure 8, and also by

setting the optimal value at the lowest amount of the

krill swarm The algorithm emphasizes the

manipulation of the optimal value using local search.

Fuzzy controller (N. SrinivasaRao, 2015) (M. Kumar,

2015) is used with tuner for tuning between

investigation and manipulation and therefore gives

the best values. The THD is reduced to 0.03% by the

combination, as shown in Figure 9. Line voltage and

line current applied to the gate signal S1, S2 and S3

applied to the DC voltage source inverter from the

KH-F controller and Figure 10 shows Mains voltage

and circuit current with load current and injection

current waveform.

Fig 9: FFT of Source Current with KH-F Controller.

Fig 10: Grid Voltage and Grid Current with KH-F

Controller.

7 CONCLUSION

This paper shows the effective implementation of a

power management scheme using dynamic

programming and a fuzzy logic system and improving

the performance quality of the DSTATCOM

performance enhancement technique by designing

the control strategies used to calculate the reference

current and the trigger circuit designed to trigger the

circuit.

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ISPES 2023 - International Conference on Intelligent and Sustainable Power and Energy Systems