by Angin, et al. (2021) the results of the application
of erythropoietin therapy have been proven
successful in 78 patients with a percentage of 73.58%
successful in treating anemia that occurs in patients
with GGK.
Research conducted by Pasek, et all on 26 End
Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients undergoing
hemodialysis. The mean hemoglobin level pre-
erythropoietin therapy is 8.1 gr/dl and the mean
hemoglobin level post-erythropoietin therapy is 8.7
gr/dl. The results of the paired T-test of pre and post-
erythropoietin therapy hemoglobin levels found a p-
value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). There is a significant
difference between hemoglobin levels before and
after receiving erythropoietin therapy. Furthermore,
Rahayu's research, et al. (2019) involved 36
respondents of chronic renal failure patients
undergoing hemodialysis. The results showed the
mean value of pre-hemodialysis hemoglobin levels of
9.3 g/dl and post-hemodialysis of 10.7 g/dl, with
91.7% of respondents experiencing an increase in
post- hemodialysis hemoglobin levels. Based on these
results, it is concluded that there is a significant
difference in pre- and post-hemodialysis hemoglobin
levels in patients with chronic renal failure.
Research conducted by Kurniawanto., at all
(2018) The results of research on 10 samples of
hemoglobin profiles before (Hbpre) giving EPO
therapy and after giving hemoglobin (Hb-post) giving
erythropoietin therapy the increase in Hb during the
study, where the therapy given to patients is
erythropoietin alpha (α) with two different doses of
2000 IU dose, namely 16,88%, and erythropoietin
alpha (α) 3000 IU, namely 12.53%, where the results
obtained were an increase of 0.16x from Hb before
erythropoietin therapy was given for erythropoietin
alpha (α) 2000IU and 0.12x from Hb before
erythropoietin therapy was given for erythropoietin
alpha (α) 3000IU. Similarly, in a study conducted by
Weinhandl., (2023) almost two-thirds of the total
number of patients per month had hemoglobin levels
between 10.0 to 11.9 g/dL. The average use of
erythropoietin was 76.7% per month, with increased
use of pegylated epoetin beta. Erythropoietin dosing
remained stable; epoetin alfa dosing was slightly
lower than in the NHCT low target group. The
prevalence of erythropoietin nonresponse was 22.2%.
Research by Faizah, et al. (2021) 52 respondents
met the inclusion criteria, of which 29 patients in the
alpha erythropoietin group and 23 patients in the beta
erythropoietin group. The average increase in Hb of
subjects using beta erythropoietin was greater than
that of alpha erythropoietin. The average increase in
Hb levels pre-post administration of erythropoietin
beta was 0.48 g/dl while the average increase in Hb
levels pre-post administration of erythropoietin alfa
was 0.02 g/dl. Furthermore, research by Ahsana, et al.
(2021) as many as 94 participants were involved in
the analysis of patients observed after 3 months of
initiation of erythropoietin preparations a significant
increase in Hb levels (p = 0.025) in beta
erythropoietin compared to alpha erythropoietin. The
average increase in Hb levels was 9.80 ± 1.20 to 10.25
± 1.10 g/l on alpha erythropoietin, and 9.66 ± 1.49 to
10.63 ± 1.52 g/l on beta erythropoietin. Furthermore,
in a study conducted by Dian, et al. (2022) where a
sample of 139 CKD patients used epoetin who
underwent routine hemodialysis. Anemia therapy in
CKD patients with the most widely used
hemodialysis is epoetin alfa compared to epoetin
beta. The average value of Hb increase in 3 months
on epoetin beta therapy is higher than on epoetin
alpha therapy and is not statistically significantly
different with a value of p>0.05.
In Widianti's research, et all, this study calculate
the total cost based on the use of erythropoietin used
as anemia therapy in renal failure patients who
undergo between HemapoR, EpotrexR, and
NeorecormonR, so that it can be seen which one is
more effective by comparing the cost-effectiveness
ratio of the three drugs. The most widely used EPO
consistently for 3 (three) consecutive months is
NeorecormonR as much as 41.05. The most effective
erythropoietin to increase Hb levels is NeorecormonR
with a percentage of the number of patients whose Hb
levels increased by 56.41%. Meanwhile, in
AlKharboush research, et al. (2020) study involved a
comparison of the potential therapeutic and economic
impact of using two erythropoietin drugs (epoetin-
beta and darbepoetin- alfa) in patients with stage 5
CKD for the treatment of associated anemia. Baseline
serum Hb was 10.68 ±0.98 g/dL for darbepoetin-alfa
patients and 11.63 ±0.32 g/dL for epoetin-beta group
(p=0.003).
In contrast, in Prasetya research, et al. (2019) the
mean increase in hemoglobin levels in the alpha
erythropoietin group after treatment was 1.28 ± 0.80
g/dL (p = 0.001) and the beta erythropoietin group
was 0.37 ± 0.95 g/dL (p = 0.254). A comparison of
hemoglobin and hematocrit achievement in both
groups showed that erythropoietin alpha gave better
achievement in hemoglobin parameters (p=0.033).
Similarly, in Azmandian research, et al. (2018) A
total of 156 patients were involved in this clinical trial
to compare the efficacy and safety of CinnaPoietin®
(epoetin beta, CinnaGen) with Eprex® (epoetin alfa,
Janssen Cilag) in the treatment of anemia in ESRD
hemodialysis patients. The results showed that there