Structural and Semantic Analysis of Social Protection Terms in

English and Uzbek Languages

Mohinur B. Nizomova, Maftuna D. Elmirzayeva, Maftuna A. Ashurova, Javohir B. Nusratov

and Ilyos D. Suvanov

Karshi State University, Karshi, Uzbekistan

Keywords: Pension Systems, Social Cohesion, Social Protection, Expansion of Social Safety Nets, Old-Age Benefits,

Rights-Based Approach, Poverty, Rights-Based Approach, Data-Based Decision-Making, Social Protection,

Society, Social Insurance, Social Security.

Abstract: It is desirable to study not only the meaning of the terms of social protection but also the thematic proximity

of the terms in correlations and combinations formed by them. As a general basis for referring pedagogical

terminology to one or another thematic area, the presence of common components in both external design and

internal content is considered. We can give an example of terms that reflect a certain scientific and

pedagogical outlook, or cultural tradition. It made it possible to identify the terminological elements of the

English language related to this topic. We compare them with pedagogical terms in the Uzbek language. The

term "social protection" refers to a set of policies and programs aimed at reducing poverty and vulnerability

by promoting efficient labour markets, reducing people's exposure to risks, and increasing their ability to

manage economic and social risks such as unemployment, exclusion, and disease.

1 INTRODUCTION

The main goal of this article is to analyse the

structural-semantic nature of social protection terms

in both English and Uzbek languages in a

comparative structural analysis. By systematically

studying the morphological, syntactic, and semantic

features of these terms, we aim to uncover insights

into how social protection concepts are linguistically

structured and expressed in these two language

systems. We emphasize that this analysis is important

in several key areas: First, understanding the

structural forms of social protection terms can

provide valuable insights into the conceptual

frameworks underpinning social security systems in

English-speaking countries and Uzbekistan. By

elucidating the linguistic mechanisms for expressing

social protection, we can gain a deeper understanding

of cultural concepts, values, and priorities related to

social welfare. In addition, this comparative analysis

allows for cross-cultural expertise, shedding light on

how linguistic and cultural factors shape the

formulation and interpretation of social protection

policies and programs. By examining similarities and

differences in the structural organization of social

protection terms between English and Uzbek, we can

identify areas of conceptualization convergence and

divergence, potentially informing culturally sensitive

and context-sensitive approaches to social policy

development and implementation. Overall, this

article seeks to contribute to the interdisciplinary

dialogue between linguistics, social policy, and cross-

cultural studies through a nuanced analysis of social

protection terminology in English and Uzbek.

Through this research, we aim to deepen our

understanding of the complex interaction between

language, culture, and social well-being, resulting in

greater inclusiveness and effectiveness of social

protection initiatives in diverse linguistic and cultural

contexts.

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Social protection includes a range of policies and

programs aimed at protecting individuals and

communities from risks and vulnerabilities that

threaten their well-being and livelihoods. It serves as

the main component of social policy aimed at

strengthening economic security, social cohesion and

Nizomova, M., Elmirzayeva, M., Ashurova, M., Nusratov, J. and Suvanov, I.

Structural and Semantic Analysis of Social Protection Ter ms in English and Uzbek Languages.

DOI: 10.5220/0012965800003882

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 2nd Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies (PAMIR-2 2023), pages 1317-1320

ISBN: 978-989-758-723-8

1317

human dignity for all members of society. The

concept of social protection is based on the principles

of social justice and solidarity, and its origins go back

to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when

industrialization and urbanization caused significant

social and economic changes. The emergence of

labour movements and social reform movements

during thisperiod spurred the development of early

social protection measures such as workers'

compensation, social insurance, and social assistance

programs aimed at addressing the negative effects of

industrialization, poverty, and inequality. Over time,

the scope and nature of social protection has evolved

in response to changes in societal needs, economic

conditions, and political ideologies. Today, social

protection covers a wide range of activities, including

social insurance schemes (e.g. pensions, health

insurance), social assistance programs (e.g. cash

transfers, food assistance) and welfare services. (e.g.

education, housing). It is the main means of achieving

the goals of social development, poverty reduction

and fair distribution of resources. Language plays a

crucial role in shaping concepts, policies and

practices related to social protection. The way social

protection is conceptualized and expressed in

language can influence public debate, policy

development, and the implementation of social

welfare programs. In addition, language diversity

within and between communities can create

challenges for effective communication and

participation in social protection initiatives,

emphasizing the importance of linguistic sensitivity

and cultural competence in the development and

delivery of social policies and services. In this

context, a structural analysis of social protection

terms in different languages can provide valuable

insights into the conceptual frameworks, cultural

values, and socio-political dynamics that underpin

social welfare systems around the world. By studying

the morphological, syntactic, and semantic features of

social protection terminology in English and Uzbek,

we deepen our understanding of how these concepts

are constructed and interpreted in different linguistic

and cultural contexts, ultimately informing more

inclusive and effective approaches to social policy.

possible development and implementation.

3 DISCUSSIONS

The subject of this research is the structural analysis

of social protection terms in both English and Uzbek

languages. Social protection encompasses a wide

range of policies and programs aimed at protecting

individuals and communities from risks and

vulnerabilities that may threaten their well-being and

livelihoods. By analysing the structural features of

social protection terminology in English and Uzbek,

this study seeks to reveal how social welfare concepts

are linguistically structured and expressed in these

two distinct language systems.

Morphological analysis includes the study of the

internal structure of words, including prefixes,

suffixes, and root words. Syntactic analysis focuses

on the placement of words within sentences and

phrases, while semantic analysis examines the

meanings and connotations associated with these

terms.

After categorizing social protection terms, the

study compares and contrasts the structural features

of these terms between English and Uzbek languages.

This comparative analysis can reveal similarities

and differences in morphological patterns, syntactic

structures and semantic nuances, and shed light on

how social protection concepts are expressed and

understood in each linguistic context.

The results of the structural analysis are

interpreted and discussed in the context of wider

cultural, historical and socio-political factors that may

influence the formation and interpretation of social

protection terminology. This discussion explores the

implications of linguistic change for social policy

development and implementation, emphasizing the

importance of linguistic sensitivity and cultural

competence in promoting effective communication

and participation in social protection initiatives.

It is desirable to study not only the terms of social

protection in their correlations and combinations but

also the thematic proximity of the terms. As a general

basis for referring social protection terms to one or

another thematic area, the presence of common

components in both external design and internal

content is considered. We can give an example of

terms that reflect a certain social outlook, or cultural

tradition. It made it possible to identify the

terminological elements of the English language

related to this topic. For example: Gender-sensitive

Social Protection: Social protection policies and

programs designed to address the specific needs and

challenges faced by women and girls, including

measures to promote gender equality, address gender-

based violence, and enhance women's economic

empowerment. In Uzbek. Genderga sezgir ijtimoiy

himoya: ayollar va qizlar duch keladigan muayyan

ehtiyojlar va muammolarni hal qilishga qaratilgan

ijtimoiy himoya siyosati va dasturlari, shu jumladan

gender tengligini targ'ib qilish, gender asosidagi

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zo'ravonlikni bartaraf etish va ayollarning iqtisodiy

imkoniyatlarini kengaytirish choralari.

It is known that compound terms are the most

relevant and controversial issue in the system of

scientific and technical terminology, and in several

works of linguists, the opinion that compound terms

appear compared to common words in a common

language is considered to be the priority.

In the course of our analysis, we analyzed about

800 social protection terms that appear without a

combination in the Uzbek language. In English, we

witnessed 1250 social protection terms that

appearwithout this combination. In the languages

where this indicator is used, we can observe the

priority aspect of English. Pension Systems:

Mechanisms for providing income security to

retirees, typically funded through contributions

during a person's working life and distributed as

retirement benefits.

In Uzbek. Pensiya tizimlari: nafaqaxo'rlarga

daromad xavfsizligini ta'minlash mexanizmlari,

odatda, insonning ish hayoti davomida badallar

hisobidan moliyalashtiriladi va pensiya nafaqalari

sifatida taqsimlanadi.

Social Cohesion: The degree of harmony,

solidarity, and inclusion within a society, which can

be fostered through social protection measures that

reduce inequality and promote shared prosperity.

In Uzbek. Ijtimoiy hamjihatlik: jamiyatdagi

uyg'unlik, hamjihatlik va inklyuziya darajasi, bu

tengsizlikni kamaytiradigan va umumiy farovonlikka

yordam beradigan ijtimoiy himoya choralari orqali

ta'minlanishi mumkin.

Social Exclusion: The process by which certain

individuals or groups are marginalized or

disadvantaged in society, often due to factors such as

poverty, discrimination, or lack of access to resources

and opportunities.

In Uzbek. Ijtimoiy himoya: ko'pincha

qashshoqlik, kamsitish yoki resurslar va

imkoniyatlardan foydalana olmaslik kabi omillar

tufayli ma'lum shaxslar yoki guruhlarning jamiyatda

chetga surilishi yoki noqulay ahvolga tushishi

jarayoni.

Social Safety Nets Expansion: Efforts to expand

the coverage and reach of social safety nets, such as

cash transfer programs, food assistance, and social

pensions, to ensure that they reach all those in need

and provide adequate protection against poverty,

vulnerability, and social risks.

In Uzbek. Ijtimoiy xavfsizlik tarmoqlarini

kengaytirish: naqd pul o'tkazmalari dasturlari, oziq-

ovqat yordami va ijtimoiy pensiyalar kabi ijtimoiy

xavfsizlik tarmoqlarining qamrovini va qo'llanilishini

kengaytirishga qaratilgan sa'y-harakatlar, ularning

barcha muhtojlarga yetib borishini ta'minlash va

qashshoqlik, zaiflik va ijtimoiy himoyani ta'minlash.

xavflar.

Old-Age Allowances: Financial assistance

provided to elderly individuals to support their living

expenses and healthcare needs in retirement.

In Uzbek. Keksalik uchun nafaqalar: Keksa

odamlarga pensiyaga chiqishda yashash xarajatlari va

sog'liqni saqlash ehtiyojlarini qondirish uchun

beriladigan moliyaviy yordam.

Rights-based Approach: A framework for social

protection that emphasizes the inherent dignity,

equality, and human rights of all individuals, ensuring

that social policies and programs are designed and

implemented in accordance with international human

rights standards and principles of non-discrimination

and participation.

In Uzbek. Huquqlarga asoslangan yondashuv:

barcha shaxslarning ajralmas qadr-qimmati, tengligi

va inson huquqlarini ta'kidlaydigan, ijtimoiy siyosat

va dasturlarning xalqaro inson huquqlari standartlari

va kamsitilmaslik va ishtirok etish tamoyillariga

muvofiq ishlab chiqilishi va amalga oshirilishini

ta'minlaydigan ijtimoiy himoya uchun asos.

Multi-dimensional Poverty: A measure of poverty

that takes into account multiple dimensions of

deprivation beyond income alone, such as access to

education, healthcare, housing, and social

participation, providing a more comprehensive

understanding of poverty and vulnerability.

In Uzbek. Ko'p o'lchovli qashshoqlik: ta'lim,

sog'liqni saqlash, uy-joy va ijtimoiy ishtirok etish

kabi daromaddan tashqari mahrumlikning ko'p

o'lchovlarini hisobga oladigan qashshoqlik o'lchovi,

qashshoqlik va zaiflik haqida kengroq tushunchani

ta'minlaydi.

Data-driven Decision-making: The use of data

and evidence to inform the design, implementation,

and evaluation of social protection policies and

programs, including the collection, analysis, and

dissemination of relevant information on beneficiary

needs, program effectiveness, and outcomes.

In Uzbek. Ma'lumotlarga asoslangan qarorlar

qabul qilish: ijtimoiy himoya siyosati va dasturlarini

ishlab chiqish, amalga oshirish va baholash, shu

jumladan benefitsiar ehtiyojlari, dastur samaradorligi

va natijalari bo'yicha tegishli ma'lumotlarni to'plash,

tahlil qilish va tarqatish uchun ma'lumotlar va

dalillardan foydalanish. In world linguistics, although

the work of organizing the terms related to the social

sphere has been carried out within the framework of

different systematic languages, until now, the terms

of this sphere have not been compared with the source

Structural and Semantic Analysis of Social Protection Terms in English and Uzbek Languages

1319

of the English language, which is one of the world

languages, according to our national language -

Uzbek. Their structural-semantic, lexicographic and

translational problems have not yet been sufficiently

resolved. In particular, the criteria for regulating

terms related to the field of pedagogy have not been

developed. In this sense, proposals are made for

determining the structural and semantic models of

terms, analysing and researching the processes of

stabilization of international and native units in

national languages, improving translation methods,

regulating and standardizing the cases of synonymy

(variantity), polysemy and homonymy in these terms.

Terminology is the means by which this approach

is focused within the framework of practical

implementation. In the field of pedagogy, terms

include the processes in which the method occurs, in

the classroom, the enrichment and selection of

teaching content, the increase of the teacher's activity

and vocabulary, the role of the student, the materials

in the educational process, and the tasks used in the

classroom. and activities are all products of terms.

The term refers to the elements of technique, strategy,

and tactics used in the class. These conditions are

widely used in the life activity of every pedagogue,

they are taught and introduced in schools, and they

are the main genre of providing spiritual and moral

knowledge.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Social protection terms are an integral part of people's

way of life. It means the rise in the field of mental

activity of a person (nation) and mature results in

spiritual activity. The spiritual culture of each nation

is formed and matures on the basis of the leading

politics, economy, culture, ideology, and religion of

the country where it lives. The leading concept of

education in society is the formation of citizens who

are compatible with the prevailing ideology, support

the ideology, obey the existing laws and regulations

based on this ideology, and are ready to protect it

materially, morally, or militarily.

The study ends with a generalization of the main

conclusions and consequences of the structural

analysis of social protection terms in English and

Uzbek languages.

Based on these findings, research can provide

recommendations for strengthening intercultural

communication and cooperation in the field of social

protection, such as the development of bilingual

dictionaries or language training for policymakers

and practitioners involved in social welfare programs.

Terminology is the means by which this approach

is focused within the framework of practical

implementation. In the social field, the terms include

the processes that occur in the classroom, the

enrichment and selection of teaching content, the

increase of social activity and vocabulary, the role of

people, and materials in the process of living, and the

types of tasks and activities used in the classroom -

are all products of terms. The term refers to the

elements of technique, strategy, and tactics used in

the class. These conditions are widely used in the life

activity of every pedagogue, they are taught and

introduced in schools, and they are the main genre of

providing spiritual and moral knowledge.

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