Modern Teachers and Their Pedagogical Skills

Sora S. Burieva

, Gulchekhra S. Kabilova

, Zamira Sh. Suyarova

, Iroda R. Rakhimova

and Firuza E. Otamurodova

Samarkand State Institute of Architecture and Construction Samarkand, Uzbekistan

Keywords: Didactic Skills, Academic Skills, Perceptive Skills, Speaking Skills, Organizational Skills, Authority Skills,

Communicative Skills, Authoritarian Skills.

Abstract: This article describes the modern pedagogue and his image, the requirements for a teacher, and what a modern

teacher should be. The teacher is the main participant of the society’s social order for the education of the

young generation. Pedagogical skill is an important component of the teacher’s quality. Language skills were

also discussed. The teacher is the engineer of the child’s heart.

1 INTRODUCTION

It is known that all professions are first taught by a

teacher. The teacher also gives the first lesson. The

teacher also teaches the meaning and essence of the

first words Motherland. Therefore, among all

professions, the teaching profession is considered to

be very honourable and responsible. A question

naturally arises here. So, who is the teacher? What

qualities should he have? In particular, today’s

teacher should be armed with what qualifications, etc.

The teacher is the main participant of the society’s

social order for the education of the young generation.

In the teaching profession, he cannot be a good

mentor-teacher if he does not have deep knowledge,

ingenuity and passion to regularly develop his

professional skills. After all, the perspective of our

country is the positive solution of all the reforms

promoted by our President and this is the result of

many millennia of intellectual work. That is why, in

the conditions of today’s independence, the attention

and need for the teaching profession is increasing

more than ever. At the same time, the requirements

for the teacher are different. Because today

Uzbekistan is facing the world as an independent

country, it should not be forgotten that pedagogues

have their own place and their own essence in this

regard.

2 THE MAIN FINDINGS AND

RESULTS

In class, the speech of a competent teacher is always

aimed at the students. Whether the teacher is

explaining new material, commenting on a student's

response, approving or reprimanding the students’

response, their behaviour or behaviour, whatever he

is doing, his speech is always credible, should be

distinguished by its internal power, such as

attractiveness. The teacher’s speech, his

pronunciation should be clear, simple and

understandable for students. The information given

should be structured in such a way that it activates the

students’ thoughts and attention at a high level. For

this, the teacher asks a question in the middle and

gradually leads the students to the correct answer,

activating the attention of the students. He uses words

and expressions like “Think, think again!” The

teacher’s speech should not use sentences, complex

verbal explanations, difficult terms, and different

definitions if it is not necessary. At the same time, the

teacher should also take into account that the short

speech of the teacher, which is broken, often becomes

incomprehensible to the students. The teacher’s

speech mixed with humour and a little sarcasm

expressing goodwill greatly enlivened the students

and was well received by the students.

The speech of a competent teacher should be

vivid, figurative, clearly intonation and expressive,

full of emotion, detailed, and there should be

absolutely no stylistic and grammatical errors. A

monotonous speech will tire the students very

1386

Burieva, S., Kabilova, G., Suyarova, Z., Rakhimova, I. and Otamurodova, F.

Modern Teachers and Their Pedagogical Skills.

DOI: 10.5220/0012967200003882

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 2nd Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies (PAMIR-2 2023), pages 1386-1391

ISBN: 978-989-758-723-8

quickly, make them bored and frustrated. At the same

time, according to the physiological teaching of I.P.

Pavlov, such a speech becomes a permanent stimulus,

causing the inhibition process in the cerebral

hemispheres, making the student restless and sleepy.

The speed of speech largely depends on the individual

psychological characteristics of the teacher. Some

teachers speak quickly, while others speak slowly.

But the teacher should not forget that the speech at the

most convenient speed for students to acquire

knowledge is an average lively speech.

Hasty speech interferes with the acquisition of

knowledge, quickly tires children, and creates

protective inhibition. Too slow leads to laziness and

boredom. Loudness of speech - speaking loudly will

also result in similar points. Excessively harsh, sharp,

shouting speech gets on the nerves of the students,

makes them tired quickly and creates a protective

inhibition. Here, one of the Eastern thinkers,

Nasriddin Tusi, “...the teacher’s speech cannot be

poisonous, rude or harsh at some time and anywhere.

It would be very appropriate to quote his advice that

the teacher’s lack of self-control during the lesson can

spoil the work...” The teacher’s husky, slow voice

sounds bad. Speech gestures, various sharp

movements enliven the students. In this way, gestures

and actions are used in moderation by experienced

teachers. But too much of the same experienced

actions get on a person’s nerves.

Organizational ability is, firstly, the ability to

organize a group of students, to make such a group

cohesive, and secondly, to be able to properly

organize one’s personal work.

Students have different opinions about their

teachers. For example, some students: “...We love

Azim brother very much. They quickly organize a

business mood in our class and surprise us all with

their punctuality, neatness, dexterity and

entrepreneurship,” some students say: “Sabir brothers

return our loyalty and make money from our

disappointment. They try to do many things, but they

don’t finish any of them...” they say. Sometimes some

students say about their teacher: “...Nadira sisters are

busy with us like a mother hen. If we start to talk, they

will try not to notice. She was a wonderful woman,

but no one did anything in her class”.

A teacher’s ability to organize his work means

that he can properly plan and control his work.

Experienced teachers develop a special sensitivity to

time - the ability to properly distribute work and use

the allotted time. Of course, in many cases, it is

possible to waste time during the lesson. But this lost

time may be in cases where there is a need to correct

the lesson plan. Experienced teachers recommend

that the lesson plan or text be used to monitor time in

order to learn to sense time. In particular: during 10,

20, 30 and other minutes of the lesson, they give

advice on how to prepare additional materials for use

in case of unexpected time increase, or what material

can be left for the next lesson if there is time left.

Authoritative ability is the ability to directly

influence students emotionally and voluntarily, and

gain prestige in them.

Authoritative ability refers to the wilful qualities

of the teacher, such as honesty, wilful perseverance,

self-control, prudence, demandingness, as well as a

number of personal qualities, as well as a sense of

responsibility for the education of students, his faith,

to students it also depends on such qualities as the

belief that he was able to instil spiritual and

educational beliefs.

“He has a wonderful character - he can work

without any fuss and shouting’; “We admire him very

much for his seriousness, restraint and

demandingness. All the time, he only asks politely,

gently, but his request is so impressive that it is

impossible not to listen to him”; “Our math teacher is

punctual, calm, reserved, and at the same time has a

great influence on the whole class”; “Don’t ignore the

reputation of our chemistry teacher, he will achieve

what he says under any circumstances”; “Brother

Nigmat has a masterful influence on us. He doesn’t

demand anything, if they demand it, he won’t extort

it from him”, or the students’ opinions about their

teachers: “We were glad that brother Polvon left our

school. He tried to catch us by yelling, yelling, and

commanding us, but he only forced us to endure.” In

this regard, it would be appropriate to cite the very

regrettable comments of the President of the Republic

of Uzbekistan I.A. Karimov about the state of affairs

in school education: “If a student objects to a teacher,

tomorrow he will who gets into a situation that he

doesn’t want. The teacher dominates the process in

schools. He requires the child to understand only what

he is explaining. The principle is also ready: what I

say means what I say”.

At the same time, the students criticize the

teacher’s qualities such as emptiness, laziness,

laziness, gullibility, laziness, over-observance, lack

of will: “he is a good person, but he is empty-headed:

there is no point in deceiving him”; “It is impossible

to understand: there is no such thing as a very strict,

demanding, sometimes very demanding”; “Too

loose, lazy: as soon as you try it, you will fall

asleep”...

Communicative ability is the ability to

communicate with children, to be able to find the

right way to help students, and to have a pedagogical

Modern Teachers and Their Pedagogical Skills

1387

tact to interact with them in a pedagogically

appropriate way.

Psychologist I.V. Strakhov made a great

contribution to the study of pedagogical tact

psychology. In his opinion, it is important to find the

most convenient ways to influence students, to pay

attention to appropriate pedagogical measures in the

application of educational influence, to take into

account specific pedagogical tasks, the psychological

characteristics of the student’s personality and his

capabilities, and this it is necessary to take into

account pedagogical situations.

One of the obvious manifestations of pedagogical

tact is to be able to feel the measures applied to any

pedagogical effect. A resourceful teacher pays

attention to children, looks at them with intelligence,

calculates with their individual psychological

characteristics. “He has a surprisingly good

relationship with us, like wonderful close friends”;

“The strength of our history teacher is that the teacher

flatters the students”. Our zoology teacher, Farida,

was one of those: no matter what they did, she

flattered the children to make them look at her! Why

do they humiliate themselves so much? I was a house.

After all, they know their subject well”; ‘Brother

Ibrahim, you see that a person who has nothing would

hurt his heart, let him down, or fight in vain and leave

him alone.”

Regarding the issue of the teacher’s pedagogical

tact, it should also be said that when students talk

about the teacher’s positive qualities, they always put

the teacher’s fairness in the first place.

“In many cases, they act unfairly - they act

without thoroughly investigating an issue.” Pupils

have an attitude of demanding and pitiful towards

such a teacher’s character. The unfairness of the

teacher can lead to bad consequences. Each of us has

some idea about this from school practice.

In order to acquire the teaching profession, it is

necessary to develop physical and mental qualities

along with natural abilities. Otherwise, there will be

no benefit to society or others from such persons who

have chosen the teaching profession.

Pedagogical activity mainly refers to the special

activities of individuals who are responsible to the

people and the state for preparing the young

generation for life and work. To be more specific, the

work of teachers is a complex, conflicting and long-

lasting process aimed at educating a perfect person.

First of all, every person who has a teaching

profession should embody the characteristics of a

teacher’s personality; as well as having thoroughly

mastered the requirements for the teacher’s mental

and pedagogical preparation; It is very important to

have pedagogical skill, technique, tact, intelligence,

observation, and the ability to convey knowledge to

children within the required scope of the chosen

specialty.

The teacher is the owner of beauty. You can say

that some dear people took a pen in their hands and

expressed their best wishes on white papers about

those noble and honourable professions. Life is

eternal, but alive with the younger generation. As

long as there is a generation, the loving river teachers

who give it education and training will live forever.

Life’s need for the owners of this honourable

profession is also eternal.

A teacher is a gardener. He is the gardener of the

flower of youth. School, educational institution is a

flower of education, young children are its priceless

sprouts, and teachers are intelligent, compassionate

and kind gardeners of this garden. He fights for the

fruits in his garden to be colourful and healthy. He

dreams of seeing every student happy. The tree is

decorated with sweet fruit, and the teacher is

decorated with an intelligent and well-rounded

person.

“Teaching is a highly honourable profession.

This profession is not like any other profession. The

famous Russian pedagogue A.S. Makarenko gives a

very high assessment of the teaching profession and

defines it as follows: An educator must know how to

organize, walk, joke, be cheerful or angry, he he

should behave in such a way that his every action,

behaviour, and dress should educate the children'”.

From this definition, it can be concluded that a

pedagogue should be perfect in every way, an ideal

person for students. Even the dress of the teacher

should educate the children.

It is appropriate for teachers to pay attention

to clear and concise expression of their opinion in the

process of communication with students, parents and

colleagues. In the process of dealing with them, it is

necessary not to start the conversation with evidence

of negative situations, but on the contrary, to

recognize the successes of students (or colleagues,

parents), and to express confidence in further

enriching them. In the process of communication,

benevolence, sincerity, friendly attitude, and good

mood should be felt from the words of the teacher

towards the interlocutor ensures that it gains

attention.

Pedagogical technique is one of the components

of pedagogic skills, and it is a means of teacher’s

influence on students. A teacher who has sufficiently

mastered pedagogical techniques will have high

communication skills with students. Using the right

words and sentences at the right time, in the right

PAMIR-2 2023 - The Second Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies- | PAMIR

1388

tone, how to look, quick and accurate use of gestures,

allows you to maintain calmness and the ability to

think clearly and analyse even in the most acute and

unexpected pedagogical situations. Pedagogical

technique consists of the following components:

speech skills; teacher’s mime and pantomime; be able

to manage his psychological (spiritual) state; acting

and directing skills. First of all, as a component of

pedagogical technique, it is possible to mention the

speech skills of the pedagogue, that is, to speak

literately, to express his speech in a beautiful and

understandable, impressive way, and to clearly

express his thoughts and feelings in words. According

to the calculations of scientists, approximately 1/4 -

1/2 of the time allocated for study is spent listening to

the teacher’s speech and PEDAGOGS international

research journal www.pedagoglar.uz 103 Volume-3,

Issue-1, February–2022 used for their understanding.

So, the thorough assimilation of the educational

material by the students depends on the perfection

and brilliance of the teacher's speech. In fact, as A.

Avloni said, “The word is a scale that shows the level

and perfection, knowledge and grace of a person.

People with intelligence know their thoughts and

intentions, knowledge and strength, value and value

from what they say”. In particular, students pay a lot

of attention to the teacher’s pronunciation and speech

technique. Stuttering, introductions, imitations of

words such as “let’s say’, “well”, “so”, “so on”, “so”

or repeating the same word up to three times in a row

Unnecessary repetition of words like. It is a pity that

such a situation occurs not only among secondary

school teachers and students, but also among

professors and teachers of higher educational

institutions. Nowadays, a system of exercises on

speech technique has been developed. This system is

based on the experiences of theatre pedagogy and

consists of a training-methodical complex of skills

such as proper breathing, pauses and diction during

speech. Any person who has regularly worked on

himself to master this system, including teachers and

trainers of young people, can correct his speech. One

cannot agree with the opinion that a person's voice

and nature are unchangeable. Modern physiology

shows that it is possible to completely change the

quality of the voice. This is also proven by historical

facts. For example, the great orator Demosthenes

overcame his stammer through practice and became a

great orator of ancient Rome. Mime and pantomime

have their place and importance in pedagogical

activity. Pantomime. Body, arm and leg movements

are called pantomime. Skilled pedagogues use

pantomime actions to express their thoughts and

create images. Teachers should pay special attention

to body movements during the lesson. For example,

when greeting, keeping the body straight and holding

both hands as if to hug each student, the right leg

should be thrown 15-20 cm in front of the left leg, that

is, run and hug the students. means to press on,

humbly invite the students to sit down, emphasize the

important points of the topic being studied, lead

towards the students, walk forward with bold steps,

back when justifying their opinions, i.e. the class

should walk towards the board. Sidewalks are not

recommended. It is impossible to say that the teacher

should sit with his hands waving his palms towards

the students. Such a movement of the hands means let

your face be blessed. In general, all the teacher's

actions should be distinguished by their elegance,

simplicity and naturalness. Adhering to the aesthetics

of body posture, negative habits (swaying back and

forth, throwing weight from one leg to another,

holding the back of a chair, leaning over a table or

student’s desk with the palms of the hands, going to

class with hands they are required to be free from

carrying unrelated objects, head scratching, nose

picking, ear picking, etc. Mimicry. Mimicry is the art

of expressing one’s thoughts, feelings, and mental

state through facial muscles, eyebrows, eyes, and lips.

Sometimes, a teacher’s facial expression has a

stronger impact than his words. Gestures and facial

expressions increase the emotional impact of

information and cause it to be well received by the

student. Students learn the teacher’s thoughts from

his facial expression. Therefore, the teacher should be

able to hide his inner feelings. Mimic actions are

mainly used for educational purposes. In the process

of pedagogical activity, it is important for the

pedagogue to manage his psychological (spiritual)

state. It is a very important role for the teacher to have

the most comfortable emotional (creative)

seriousness, humaneness, optimism, benevolence,

joyous mood towards his students and other people

around him, and the ability to organize his own

emotional rest plays This skill ensures self-control of

the pedagogue in the course of his professional

activity, helps to maintain a healthy nervous system

for many years, to refrain from nervous breakdowns,

emotional and mental stress. In order to successfully

organize pedagogical interaction, the pedagogue

needs to master acting and directing skills. Actor (fr.

acteur, Latin actor) means performer, director (fr.

regisseur, Latin rego) means manager. In this regard,

our great-grandfather Abu Nasr Farabi (873-950),

who was glorified in the eastern countries and became

famous as “Al-Muallim as-Sani” (after Aristotle,

‘The Second Teacher’), “Aristotle of the East”,

needed the desire and will of the enlightened person

Modern Teachers and Their Pedagogical Skills

1389

is the art of direction management,” he said.

Therefore, a skilled teacher learns the secrets of

acting and directing, acquires the skills to influence

not only their intelligence, but also their emotions

when dealing with children, bringing his professional

activity to the level of art output is required.

Pedagogical technique is assembled in such a way

that it helps the pedagogue to effectively influence

students in any pedagogical situations. The first step

is for teachers to acquire knowledge of pedagogical

skills, and their artistic application to professional and

personal activities with skill, mastery and dexterity is

the main goal. For example, in some teachers, we see

the ability to see the future and predict that “this

student will not become a good person in the future.”

In fact, this teacher should work on timely elimination

of the reasons why his student is a “bad’ person.

Because even that one child, when he reaches a

certain age, is required to support his parents, his

family, and bear the burden of the country.

Therefore, the fact that we teachers ignore one of our

students is a sin before God and a crime before

society, and he has an answer. Let’s also take the

constructive ability. We developed the project of the

lesson. If we conduct lessons based on this project,

we will know in advance which of our students will

not master the subject. So, this created lesson plan is

useless, we need to work on another perfect plan.

Because we teachers are responsible for equipping

each of our students with guaranteed knowledge at

the level of their closest intellectual development

Modern requirements for the professional activity

of a teacher, the purpose of the reforms implemented

in all spheres of the social life of our country is aimed

at ensuring the safety and well-being of a person and

his interests, as well as raising a mature generation.

The path of development that has been followed in a

short period of time after gaining independence is

gaining meaning and essence worthy of centuries. It

is known that the important issue of educating young

people as well-rounded individuals, who are

important subjects of social-political, economic,

cultural-spiritual renewal of the society, is important

in driving development and influencing the processes

taking place in life. The future of every society is

determined by the level of development of the

education system, which is an integral part of it and a

vital necessity. In order to increase the effectiveness

of education, to ensure that the individual is at the

centre of education and to ensure that young people

learn independently, they are well prepared for

educational institutions and, in addition to solid

knowledge in their field, they know modern

pedagogical technologies and interactive methods

teachers who know the rules of use in the organization

of educational and educational activities are needed.

For this, it is necessary to equip all science teachers

with pedagogical and information technologies,

interactive methods, and continuously improve their

skills in applying the acquired knowledge in

educational activities. The activity of the teacher of

the educational institution should be directed to the

creation of educational conditions in the process of

educating a person, to meet his needs, and to open and

develop his abilities. The qualification of a teacher of

an educational institution should have two sides,

illuminated by special and pedagogical sciences, and

he should always answer the questions “Why should

we teach?”, ‘How should we teach?” it is necessary

to find answers to these questions. These answers

should be interpreted in accordance with the basic

rules and laws of pedagogy, as well as based on

knowledge that takes into account the characteristics

of education. One of the important problems of

pedagogy is the development of the theory of the

pedagogical process, which must form the basis of the

teacher's specialization and activity. Pedagogues

should have the necessary knowledge of pedagogical

and psychological knowledge, technology and

teaching methods when entering the educational

process in addition to their existing knowledge in the

field of specialization. That is why, in improving the

qualifications of pedagogues: - formation of

pedagogical qualifications that ensure the

effectiveness of the teaching process; - formation of a

new professional mindset aimed at understanding

socio-economic, political, humanitarian knowledge; -

mastering the system of pedagogical knowledge as

the methodological basis of the teacher’s activity; -

the issues of mastering the teaching technology as a

system of methods brought closer to the professional

activities of teachers are defined as the main ones.

Requirements for knowledge and skills of modern

teachers, Teachers should be able to communicate in

accordance with the mentality of their students,

acquire modern pedagogical technologies and use

them in the educational process. Today, technology-

based education is not the only way to modernize

traditional education.

3 CONCLUSIONS

Usually, elements of several technologies are used in

education at once, because pedagogical technology is

a project that fully occupies the educational process,

integrity, result, i.e., a specific goal of the educational

process, taking into account the human and technical

PAMIR-2 2023 - The Second Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies- | PAMIR

1390

capabilities, is a result-oriented process. The teacher

will learn the role of modern pedagogical

technologies in the educational process, their use, as

well as the ability to differentiate the concepts of

method, method and technology, “Brainstorming”,

“Networks” (Cluster), “Assessment” methods,

“Boomerang”, They should have knowledge about

“Skarabey”, “Charkhpalak”, “Resume”, “Case-

study” and similar technologies and be able to use

them in the educational process. In order to solve the

problems faced by the educational system in the

innovative processes taking place at the present time,

we need people who are able to absorb new

information and evaluate their acquired knowledge,

make necessary decisions, and think independently

and freely. That is why the role and importance of

modern teaching methods, i.e. interactive methods,

innovative technologies in the educational process of

educational institutions is incomparable. Pedagogical

technology and the knowledge and experience of their

use in education ensure that students acquire

knowledge and advanced skills. In order to be able to

see each lesson as a whole and imagine it, the teacher

should design the future lesson process. For this

purpose, the technological map of the lesson is drawn

up based on the characteristics of each subject, the

subject taught for each lesson, the capabilities and

needs of the students. Practical experience in the

modern education system shows that a well-planned

lesson in advance certainly makes the lesson

interesting for the teacher and the student, as well as

provides an opportunity to achieve a positive result

and increases the effectiveness of the lesson.

REFERENCES

Shukurov O.U. Regarding the factors affecting the lexical

fund of the Uzbek language in education. “Science and

Education” Scientific Journal August 2020 / Volume 1

Issue 5.

Gapparov, A. (2023). DIACHRONIC ANALYSIS OF

SOCIO-POLITICAL VOCABULARY. Eurasian

Journal of Academic Research, 3(4 Part 3), 140-147.

Karshiboyevich, G. A. (2023). ON THE SOCIAL

POSITION OF SOCIO-POLITICAL VOCABULARY

IN A JOURNALISTIC TEXT. American Journal of

Social Sciences And Humanity Research, 3(04), 23-31.

Chudinov A. P. Political linguistics. Yekaterinburg: Ural

Humanitarian Institute, 2003.

Baranov A.N. Russian political metaphor / A.N. Baranov,

Yu.N. Karaulov. - Moscow, 1991.

Karaulov Yu.N. Russian language and linguistic

personality / Yu.N. Karaulov. - M., 1987.

Protchenko I.F. Vocabulary and word formation of the

Russian language of the Soviet era / I.F. Protchenko. -

Moscow, 1975.

Modern Teachers and Their Pedagogical Skills

1391