chatting with friends, having short rest, one-hour
meetings with hot tea are the most interesting cultural
page in the history of the peoples of the East.
Traditionally, tea has been consumed in teahouses
since ancient times. The teahouse is a special place
where you stop the time and talk about everything
calmly and from the heart. The teahouse was a place
to slowly discuss the latest news and plans with
friends, talk with neighbors, and have serious
negotiations. In Central Asia, after the mosque, the
tea house is considered one of the most famous and
most visited places. Currently, the culture of Central
Asia is distinguished throughout the world. Today,
teahouses can be found in many countries of the
world. Teahouses have existed since ancient times
among the Tajiks, Uzbeks, and Turkmens living in
the center and south of this region.
Figure 4: The teahouse.
The soup made in teahouses in Tashkent is very
popular in Asian countries. Teahouses have existed
since ancient times among the Tadjiks, Uzbeks, and
Turkmens who live mainly in the center and south of
this region, and since those times, the way of life
(urban and rural) that they lived until the beginning of
the 20th century, compared to the Kazakhs, Kyrgyz,
and Karakalpaks, has become mainly nomadic, so
there were no traditional teahouses for this area.
In the history of the Uzbek people over the
centuries, folk decorative art has been diverse and
distinguished from the art of other peoples by its
uniqueness. The royal roots of this art go back to the
primitive society. We can see that people's artistic
processing of bodies began in ancient times, that is,
from the Stone Age. As a result of the high attention
paid to practical and visual art and philosophical
approaches, the art of decoration based on symbolism
began to develop. That is why, in Uzbek interiors,
other types of practical art, such as carpentry,
painting, goldsmithing, embroidery, pottery, and
calligraphy, have been formed wonderfully and
admirably in harmony with architecture. All types of
applied and visual arts enrich people's spiritual world,
form their artistic taste, and have a positive effect on
universal education, scientific outlook, and mentality.
3 DISCUSSION
With the introduction of Islam to the territory of
Uzbekistan, images of people, animals, and birds
began to be replaced by Arabic inscriptions and
geometric and unique plastic shapes. As a result, a
style of writing titles with patterns (epigraphy) has
appeared. Together with the patterns, the harmony of
the Arabic script was achieved. Arabic writing also
began to be used in decorations.
The painting art of the Middle Ages has been
popular all over the world since ancient times. The
magnificent buildings that our ancestors saw in the
past have not lost their charm until this day. Patterns
made with high taste amaze both us and foreigners.
Painting as a type of folk decorative art has been
an important part of Uzbek culture since ancient
times. Artistic painting is the art of creating beauty in
color combinations and unique compositions. A
master artist skillfully uses the natural luster of color,
shape, and texture of material to achieve vivid
expression in his work. From the form of copies of
"Almond", and "Pepper", it is possible to create
various unique patterns in folk art, such as painting,
jewelry, pottery, embroidery, and goldsmithing.
In the traditional architecture of Uzbekistan,
painting is mainly used to decorate ceilings, pillars of
palaces, public places such as mosques, schools,
teahouses, houses of the rich, and wooden products.
The rhythmic movement of branches, branches, and
luxuriously depicted flowers in an elegant plant-
geometric pattern, classical patterns of Uzbek
masters, and girikh patterns are adapted to the shape
of the ceilings. The pattern was used to decorate the
interior of the bridge and covered porches.
The pattern compositions of each village and city
are different from each other. Khorezm, Tashkent,
and Fergana painting schools have their decorations
and colors.
The project begins with the study of the planned
construction site. In the process of research, its
condition, climate, and soil samples are studied,
taking into account the fact that the place is an open
area, within the territory of the neighborhood.
Because Uzbekistan is located far from the ocean
and the sea, it has a continental climate due to its
location in the interior of the Eurasian continent. The
characteristic features of the continental climate are
as follows: The sky is clear and sunny; the
temperature is extremely high, the amount of annual
precipitation is sufficient, and evaporation is high;
summer lasts for a long time up to +50°C, it is very
hot, and winter is somehow cold for this geographical
latitude, the difference in annual and daily
Architectural Evolution and Developmental Phases of Chayxana Teahouses
1467