Problems of Eastern and Western Literary Relations in the

Interpretation of Najmiddin Komilov

Botir H. Okbutayev

and Khuriyat M. Khudoimurodova

Termiz State University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Keywords: World Civilization, Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indian, Chinese, Greco-Roman and Central Asian Culture,

"Avesta", "Quran", Hadiths, Eastern and Western Literature and Culture, Mutual Influences and Traditions,

Religious Tolerance, Eurocentrism, Comparative Literary Studies (Comparative Studies), Translation Studies,

Navoi Studies, Mystical Literature, Homer, Aristotle, Socrates, J. Boccaccio, V. Shakespeare, Dante, N. G.

Chernyshevsky And A. Beruni. Korogli, N. Konrad and "Zapad I Vostok", F. Sulaimanova and "East and

West", Najmiddin Komilov and "Caravans Of Thought".

Abstract: This article, is an impartial, scientific study and assessment of the great contribution of Eastern and Western

literature and culture to the development of world civilization by the famous literary critic, navoi-ologist,

translator and mystic scientist, doctor of philological sciences, professor Najmiddin Komilov, which has been

a priority in world science for many years literary-aesthetic, philosophical-logical views on criticism of non-

scientific ideas of "Eurocentrism". In the article, the scientist's science of comparative literature (comparative

studies) formed in Europe in the 19th century, schools, and French comparative literary scholars such as Paul

Azar, Georg Brandes, Ferdinand Bruneter, Paul van Tieghem, and the world culture under the influence of

the ideas of "Eurocentrism" ("Eurocentrism") only in Europe Criticism of the biased, unscientific views that

appeared and is developing based on the culture and the great contribution of the Eastern culture to the world

civilization is analysed.

1 INTRODUCTION

Throughout history, the civilizations of Ancient

Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, China, and the Greco-

Roman world have been celebrated for their profound

contributions to human development. Yet, nestled at

the crossroads of these great cultures lies Central Asia,

a region whose peoples have also made significant

and lasting impacts on world civilization. The diverse

and vibrant cultures of Central Asia have enriched the

global tapestry with their unique blend of literature,

art, and philosophy, which are imbued with universal

values such as justice, goodness, science, peace, and

creativity. This region's material and spiritual

heritage stands as a testament to the ingenuity and

resilience of its people and serves as one of the

foundational pillars of Eastern culture.

Central Asia, often referred to as the heart of the Silk

Road, has been a melting pot of ethnicities, languages,

and traditions. Its strategic location facilitated not

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7377-3995

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1278-5290

only the exchange of goods but also the flow of ideas

and knowledge between East and West. This cultural

confluence fostered an environment where

innovation thrived, and a rich tapestry of artistic and

intellectual achievements emerged.

The literature of Central Asia, for example, reflects a

deep reverence for learning and a profound

appreciation for the human experience. Poets and

scholars from this region have penned works that

explore themes of love, justice, and the quest for

knowledge. These writings, often characterised by

their lyrical beauty and philosophical depth, have

influenced neighbouring cultures and continue to be

studied and admired to this day.

In the realm of art, Central Asian contributions are

equally remarkable. The region boasts a rich tradition

of visual arts, from intricate textiles and ceramics to

stunning architectural marvels. The vibrant colours,

intricate patterns, and symbolic motifs found in

Central Asian art not only demonstrate the aesthetic

1560

Okbutayev, B. and Khudoimurodova, K.

Problems of Eastern and Western Literar y Relations in the Interpretation of Najmiddin Komilov.

DOI: 10.5220/0012985500003882

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 2nd Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies (PAMIR-2 2023), pages 1560-1563

ISBN: 978-989-758-723-8

sensibilities of its people but also convey deeper

spiritual and cultural meanings. The art and

architecture of Central Asia have inspired and been

influenced by various cultures, creating a unique and

enduring legacy.

The scientific achievements of Central Asian

civilizations are also noteworthy. Scholars from this

region made significant advancements in fields such

as astronomy, mathematics, and medicine. Their

works laid the groundwork for many modern

scientific principles and were instrumental in the

transmission of knowledge across continents. The

emphasis on scientific inquiry and intellectual

curiosity in Central Asian culture highlights the

region's commitment to progress and innovation.

Moreover, the philosophical and ethical teachings

that emerged from Central Asia have had a profound

impact on the development of thought in the broader

Eastern world. Concepts such as justice, peace, and

the pursuit of goodness are deeply embedded in the

region's cultural and intellectual heritage. These

universal ideas have shaped the moral and ethical

frameworks of many societies and continue to

resonate in contemporary discourse.

In conclusion, the rich and diverse cultural heritage of

Central Asia stands as a testament to the region's

significant contributions to human civilization. Its

literature, art, science, and philosophy embody

universal values that have transcended time and space,

influencing countless generations and cultures. As we

study and celebrate the achievements of Central

Asian peoples, we gain a deeper appreciation for their

role in shaping the world we live in today. This

heritage is not only a source of pride for the people of

Central Asia but also a priceless treasure for all of

humanity.

2 ANALYSIS

Our spiritual and material heritage, which has had a

worthy place in the world civilization for thousands

of years, shows that loving life, honoring it, and

devoting life to goodness, beauty, and creativity was

the main essence of the life of our ancestors. Avesta,

Orkhun-Enasoy inscriptions, Alpomish saga and

Qutadgu knowledge pandnoms, and ancient cities

such as Termiz, Kesh, Samarkand, Bukhara,

Khorezm, Shosh, and Fergana in the spirit of our

people from the desire for a prosperous lifestyle, state

building, and creative potential. came into being, and

at the same time a unique civilization was formed.

It is known that folk art (folklore) is oral art consisting

of various genres - worldview, creative potential,

artistic-aesthetic thinking, and dreams of mankind

from the earliest times to the present day. reflects his

thoughts, dreams, and hopes. If we look at the pre-

Islamic history of oral creativity (folklore) and

written literature of the people living in the Central

Asian region as blood relatives and friends, their folk

oral creativity (folklore) and written literature we are

sure that it consists of myths and legends, narratives,

tales and stories, stories and epics, folk books with a

common plot in the content of animism, totemism,

Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, blue-eyedism, monism

and shamanism. In world science, the contribution of

the advanced culture created by our ancestors in

Central Asia to the development of world civilization

is receiving its impartial and appropriate scientific

recognition based on the conclusions of scientific

research conducted in all fields of science in the years

of independence in Uzbekistan. Doctor of Philology,

Professor F. Sulaymonova, Doctor of Philology,

Professor F. Sulaymonova, about the role of the

Zoroastrian doctrine, which arose in Central Asia in

the VI-V centuries BC, which contributed a great deal

to the development of Eastern and Western scientific

and philosophical thinking, "It is possible that if

ancient Greek science and philosophy was the basis

for Eastern and European science and philosophy of

the later period, then the service of Zoroastrian

doctrine cannot be denied".

The complex process and situation in this regard

is primarily because the material and spiritual

foundations of the advanced culture that arose in the

region in its time were destroyed as a result of regular

wars and religious-faith struggles;

- secondly, in the course of the emergence, formation,

and development of world civilization, the study of

the contribution of the cultures of the peoples of this

or that region, and the scientific justification of the

national culture, history, language, literature, and art

of the peoples of Central Asia in the 19th and 20th

centuries. the fact that they are deprived of the right

to an impartial study, that is, their subjection to the

colonial powers;

- Third, it can be explained by the fact that the views

of scientists interpreting the world civilization with

the ideas of "Eurocentrism" gained priority in certain

periods in world science.

After our country gained independence, national

spiritual revival was defined as the priority direction

of state policy. Special attention was paid to the

realization of national identity, the restoration of

national spiritual and religious values. During the

years of independence in Uzbekistan, along with all

fields of science, literary studies (history of classical

literature, comparative literary studies (comparative

studies), Navai studies, translation studies, and

Problems of Eastern and Western Literary Relations in the Interpretation of Najmiddin Komilov

1561

mysticism) created by our ancestors and contributed

to the development of world civilization for centuries.

Professor Najmiddin Komilov, an eminent scientist,

and doctor of philology, devoted his life to the fields

of science, education, and religious education in

Uzbekistan. N.Komilov took an active part in

spiritual reforms as a scholar with his articles on

national identity, national spirituality, and religious

values. The main task should be to rediscover his

spiritual treasure and bring it into the life of our

people: "Especially, after Uzbekistan gained

independence, Navoi became more dear and close to

us. After all, Navoi himself is a symbol of national

independence, national unity and national pride,

national self-awareness. The great poet fought for this

goal throughout his life, dedicated his life to it. With

his immortal works, he showed the power of the

Turkish language to the world and brought Uzbek

literature to the status of world literature. It was a

great courage, an incomparable service to the nation.

With the rich scientific heritage of the hard-working

scientist, doctor of philology, professor Najmiddin

Komilov - specific features of the literature of Eastern

and Western peoples, mutual literary relations,

comparative literary studies (comparative studies),

Sufism literature and Navoi studies, and the most

relevant topics of translation studies. is important.

Especially in the scientist's historical-philosophical,

moral-artistic, and logical observation, pieces of

evidence, and conclusions about the proper place and

share of the literature of Eastern and Western peoples

in the multi-thousand-year human civilization

(civilization) recognized by scientists. It is known

that the one-sided views of Eurocentrism

(Eurocentrism) dominated many times world science,

including world literature, and its negative

consequences, unfortunately, are still present today in

one or another sphere of world science and social life.

'y shows. While criticizing the one-sided views of

Eurocentrism that the world culture was created only

on the basis of the culture of Western nations,

Professor N. Komilov, with his deep thinking, broad

outlook, and logical conclusions in his scientific

research on Uzbek and world literary studies, the

study of Eastern and Western cultures, scientifically

justified its huge share in civilization. In his research,

the scientist praised the perspective of humanity, the

friendship between peoples, interethnic harmony,

justice, prejudice, sincerity, truthfulness, patriotism,

honesty, and universal ideals such as modesty,

decency, and scientific knowledge. Representatives

of Homer, Aristotle, Socrates, J. Boccaccio, V.

Shakespeare, Dante, and N.G. Chernyshevsky

studied the works of thinkers such as A. Beruni, Ibn

Sina, Al-Farghani, J. Rumi, Omar Khayyam, Hafiz

Shirazi, Fariduddin Attar, Alisher Navoi. The

scientist's scientific research in this regard was

published under the title "Tafakkur karvanlari" with

the foreword by the great literary critic and historical

scholar, doctor of philological sciences, Professor B.

Kasimov entitled "Nobility".

It is known that A. Palacios, M. Pidal, A. Arberry, I.

Krachkovskii, I. Orbeli, V. Zhirmunsky, I. S.

Braginsky, who studied Eastern and Western culture

and literature in world science, H.G. Scientists like

Korogli created major scientific taboos. In particular,

academician N. I. Konrad's "Zapad i Vostok" and

professor F. Sulaimanova's "East and West" are

among the most important fundamental studies. The

culture, literature, and art of the peoples of the East,

especially Central Asia, and the West are

comparatively studied, and their literary relations,

and issues of interaction are analyzed.

As one of the impartial, scientific thinking and

evidence-based studies in this context, it is necessary

to highlight the work of Najmiddin Komilov entitled

"Caravans of Thought" dedicated to the comparative

study of the culture, spirituality, literature, and art of

the peoples of the East and West. The main content of

this study is as follows, the share of Eastern and

Western peoples in the world civilization is equal, this

civilization was created based on many millennia of

cultural relations and interaction of mankind, in

which the peoples of all regions have a worthy

contribution. The research consists of the foreword by

Professor Begali Kasimov entitled "Asillik" and the

introduction entitled "East and West", chapters

entitled "From Homer to Beruni", "Ibn Sino and

Dante", "Boccaccio's Fairy of Inspiration",

"Khayomnoma", "Chernishevsky and the East".

consists of As can be seen from the introduction and

section names, the literature of Eastern and Western

nations is studied on the basis of comparative

literature.

Professor Najmiddin Komilov's profound scientific

observations and views in "Caravans of Thought"

indicate that the scientist is a scholar of the East and

the West. The scientist is a science of comparative

literary studies (comparative studies) formed in

Europe in the 19th century, a non-scientific study

influenced by the schools and French comparative

literary scholars such as Paul Azar, Georg Brandes,

Ferdinand Bruneter, Paul van Tieghem, and their

"Eurocentrism" ideas. analyzes their views. N.

Komilov criticizes the biased, unscientific views of

the European comparativist scientists that the world

civilization arose and is developing only based on the

European culture, and in his research, he emphasizes

the great contribution of Eastern culture to the world

PAMIR-2 2023 - The Second Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies- | PAMIR

1562

civilization with rich literary-philosophical

observations, logical thinking. with scientific

justification.

The scientist compares his views with Zoroastrianism,

Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Sufism, as well as

the folklore and literature of Arab, Indian, Persian,

Turkish, and European peoples based on historical

sources, and analyzes the issues of literary influence

in concrete examples. In substantiating his opinions,

the Eastern scholars of Abu Rayhan Beruni, Ibn Sina,

Ibn Rushd, al-Farfani, A. Firdawsi, Hafiz, U.

Khayyam, J. Rumi, A. Nawai, Said Nafisi, A.

Bauzani, Mirza Shafi Wazeh, A. Rasulov, Sh.

Shomuhamedov, G'. Salomov and Dante of the West,

J. Boccaccio, A. S. Pushkin, V. V. Barthold, V. G.

Belinsky, M. A. Salye, I. Yu. Krachkovsky, P. G.

Bulgakov, P. A. Eckermann, B. Chaloyan, Adam

Metz, G. Herder, R. M. Pidal, I. N Golenishev -

Kutuzov, Hegel, F. Aquinas, I. A. Orbeli, Ye. E.

Bertels, S. Serebryakov, A. Palacios, A. B. Gribanov,

B. Shdifar, P. A. Grintser, Stefan Zweig, P.

Baccholini, B. L Riftin, A. Aliyev, V. A. Zhukovsky,

A. Arberry, T.S. Eliot, I. M. Katarsky, V. Varjanetyan,

V. K. Kuchelbecker, N. M. Chernyshevsky, M.

Gorky, N. Gudziy, A. S. Demin, S. Yu. Neklyudov,

P. Tartakovsky, A. A. Fet, thinkers refer to the works

of poets and scientists and start an analysis.

3 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, it can be said that the rich scientific

heritage of the famous scientist, doctor of philology,

and professor Najmiddin Komilov is dedicated to the

most relevant topics of literary studies, mysticism,

translation studies, religious studies, leadership

studies, and spirituality. Studying and researching the

research of scientists on the research of East and West

cultural relations and issues of interaction as a

product of deep thinking on a global scale is of great

importance in the development of the science of our

country.

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