Motivation, Euphemization, and Dysphemization in Uzbek Names

and the Factors that Cause Them to Appear

M. Saparniyazova¹, Kh. Kadirova

and M. Sabirova

Toshkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navoi, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Institute of Uzbek language, Literature and Folklore, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

Keywords: Names, Anthroponym, Dictionary of Uzbek Names, Euphemism, Dysphemism, Mobile Application.

Abstract: There are a number of urgent problems that need to be solved in order to increase the status and prestige of

the Uzbek language as a state language. In particular, the creation of explanatory and spelling dictionaries of

Uzbek names is one of the tasks that cannot be delayed. Names are one of the most important factors that

determine a person's position in society and can change their future for better or worse. They should be

pleasant to hear and easy to understand, regardless of the language from which they are taken. Euphemistic

intentions and social reasons must obey the generally accepted rules of society, as well as unwritten linguistic

and cultural laws. The beauty of a name should not be beautiful only to speakers of one language. After all,

as a result of the achievements of the Uzbek nation, their names are reflected in the world.

1 INTRODUCTION

Anthroponyms, which are an integral part of people's

linguistic memory, culture, and spirituality, are the

object of research in world science not only in

linguistics, but also in history, ethnography,

sociology, psychology, sociolinguistics,

psycholinguistics, and linguoculturology. In the new

century, the field of onomastics in linguistics also

requires new directions of research. Therefore,

approaches to the study of onomastic units are being

formed in the sociolinguistic, ethnolinguistic,

psycholinguistic, pragmalinguistic, linguocultural,

and linguopoetic aspects.

Onomastics in general and anthroponymics in

particular have their own internal laws in the

language system. Today's globalization conditions

require that personal names, which are one of the

most important values of the nation, be regularly

enriched on the basis of the vocabulary of the national

language, national and religious values, and in

accordance with them. Due to the importance of the

name issue, in some European countries, special laws

have been adopted on giving historical and national

names and not taking names from other nations. In

Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's reforms in terms of

names for his people are known from history, and

today in the world arena, Turks can be recognized as

Turks by their names.

One of the issues that should be paid attention to

in this regard is the issue of preserving the traditional

anthroponymic fund of this language and fighting

against its decrease.

In the field of Turkology, very effective work has

been carried out on the study of proper nouns. This

includes the candidate dissertations of M.M.

Ginatulin (Danilina N.V. 1986.), V.G. Naumov

(Nosirov O'. 1965. ), N.V. Danilina (Tashkent:

Uzbekistan, 2014.), the book "Onomastics of the

Ancient Turks" by V.Kh. Makhpirov, the book

"Onomastic lexicography" by V.E. Staltmane, and the

book "Toponymy and anthroponymy of the Modern

Gagauz language" by I.V. Dron and S.S. Kroglo.

Collections on the study of proper nouns, such as

"Sociolinguistic aspect of proper nouns" (M., 1984)

and "Problems of onomastics" (Almaty, 2004), have

also been published.

In Uzbek linguistics, the works of E. Begmatov,

G. Sattorov, S. Rahimov, I. Khudoinazarov, R.

Khudoyberganov, and D. Yuldashev are

noteworthy(Begmatov E. 1965).

Saparniyazova, M., Kadirova, K. and Sabirova, M.

Motivation, Euphemization, and Dysphemization in Uzbek Names and the Factors that Cause Them to Appear.

DOI: 10.5220/0012991900003882

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 2nd Pamir Transboundary Conference for Sustainable Societies (PAMIR-2 2023), pages 1677-1681

ISBN: 978-989-758-723-8

1677

2 EXPERIMENT TECHNIQUE

The motives for naming children in Uzbek have been

the subject of research by many scholars. E.

Begmatov and N. Ulukov have defined a number of

terms related to the motivation of names, such as

motive, criterion of motivation, motivated noun,

motivation, non-motivated noun, motivating,

motivating basis, motivating element, nominative

function, nominator, principle of nomination,

nomination, situation of nomination, motive of

nomination, function of nomination, etc. One of the

most common motives for naming a child in Uzbek is

to wish them health and longevity. Names such as

Tursun, Turdi, To'khtasin, and O'lmas are all

associated with these wishes. Other common motives

include wishing the child to be strong and resilient, to

overcome various diseases, and to have a long and

prosperous life. Names such as Tosh, Temur, and

Cho'yonboy are all associated with these wishes.

In some cases, names may be given with the

intention of protecting the child from evil spirits or

the evil eye. These names are often ugly or

unpleasant-sounding, but they are believed to ward

off evil. Examples of such names include Sarimsoq,

So'g'onboy, and Piyozbek. The choice of names for

children has changed over time in Uzbekistan. In the

past, names were often chosen based on the child's

birth order, their physical appearance, or their parents'

wishes for their future. Today, names are more likely

to be chosen based on their meaning or their sound.

There are a number of factors that can influence the

choice of a name for a child in Uzbekistan. These

factors include the child's religion, ethnicity, family

traditions, and the parents' wishes for the child's

future. The naming of children is an important

cultural practice in Uzbekistan. The names that are

chosen for children reflect the hopes and dreams of

their parents for their future.

Experimental Technique for Naming Strategy

The experimental technique for naming strategy

is a method of identifying the factors that influence

the choice of a name for a child. This technique

involves collecting data on the names of children,

their parents' characteristics, and the cultural context

in which the names are chosen. The data is then

analyzed to identify the relationships between these

factors. The experimental technique for naming

strategy can be used to study a variety of aspects of

naming, including the following:

The factors that influence the choice of names in

different cultures

The changes in naming practices over time

The relationship between names and social status

The role of names in identity formation

The experimental technique for naming strategy

is a valuable tool for understanding the cultural

significance of names. By identifying the factors that

influence the choice of a name, we can gain a better

understanding of the ways in which names are used

to express cultural values and beliefs.

Example

The following is an example of how the

experimental technique for naming strategy can be

used to study the factors that influence the choice of

names in Uzbekistan. A researcher collects data on

the names of 100 children in Uzbekistan. The

researcher also collects data on the parents'

characteristics, such as their religion, ethnicity, and

education level. The researcher then analyzes the data

to identify the relationships between these factors.

The researcher finds that the most common names

for children in Uzbekistan are those that have

religious significance. For example, the name

Muhammad is the name of the Prophet Muhammad,

and the name Fatima is the name of the Prophet

Muhammad's daughter. The researcher also finds that

the names of children are often influenced by the

parents' ethnicity. For example, the name Timur is a

Turkic name, while the name Davron is a Tajik name.

The researcher's findings suggest that the choice

of names in Uzbekistan is influenced by a variety of

factors, including religion, ethnicity, and the parents'

wishes for the child's future. The experimental

technique for naming strategy is a valuable tool for

understanding the cultural significance of names. By

identifying the factors that influence the choice of a

name, we can gain a better understanding of the ways

in which names are used to express cultural values

and beliefs.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In early 2022, the website "Silive.com" published a

list of banned names in different countries. The

reasons for banning these names vary, but they all

have one thing in common: they are considered

inappropriate or offensive. In Uzbekistan, there are a

number of names that are banned. These names

include:

• Names that contain the word "slave" or "servant"

• Names that are related to royalty or other high-

ranking officials

• Names that are associated with negative or

harmful concepts

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• Names that are too short or too long

• Names that are considered to be offensive to

religious or cultural groups

The government of Uzbekistan has a number of

reasons for banning certain names. First, they believe

that it is important to protect children from being

named in a way that could be harmful to them.

Second, they want to ensure that all names are

respectful of religious and cultural beliefs. Third, they

want to promote the use of traditional Uzbek names.

The list of banned names in Uzbekistan is constantly

changing. This is because the government is

constantly reviewing the list to make sure that it is up-

to-date and reflects the current values of society.

4 AUTHOR

RECOMMENDATIONS –

REMOVAL OF NAMES FROM

BANNER LIST ON

UZBEKISTAN

The authors of the article make a number of

recommendations for removing names from the list of

banned names in Uzbekistan. These

recommendations include:

• Removing names that contain the word "slave"

or "servant". The authors argue that these names are

outdated and offensive, and that they should no longer

be banned.

• Removing names that are related to royalty or

other high-ranking officials. The authors argue that

these names are no longer relevant in the modern

world, and that they should no longer be banned.

• Removing names that are associated with

negative or harmful concepts. The authors argue that

these names can be harmful to children, and that they

should no longer be banned.

• Removing names that are too short or too long.

The authors argue that there is no scientific basis for

banning names based on their length, and that these

restrictions should be lifted.

• Removing names that are considered to be

offensive to religious or cultural groups. The authors

argue that these names should only be banned if they

are actually offensive to a particular group of people.

• The authors also recommend that the

government of Uzbekistan create a new list of banned

names that is based on the principles of respect,

equality, and inclusion. They argue that this new list

should be more inclusive and less restrictive than the

current list.

• The authors of the article argue that the list of

banned names in Uzbekistan is outdated and harmful.

They make a number of recommendations for

removing names from the list, and they call for the

creation of a new list that is based on the principles of

respect, equality, and inclusion. In addition to the

names that are banned by the government of

Uzbekistan, there are also a number of names that are

considered to be taboo or offensive by some people.

These names often have negative connotations or are

associated with negative concepts. For example,

some people might consider names that are related to

death or disease to be taboo. Others might find names

that are associated with poverty or misfortune to be

offensive.

It is important to be aware of the cultural and

religious sensitivities of others when choosing a name

for a child. By choosing a name that is respectful of

others, you can help to create a more inclusive and

welcoming environment for your child.

Here are some examples of names that are

considered to be taboo or offensive by some people:

• Names that are related to death or disease: For

example, names such as "Mortal", "Cancer", or

"Death".

• Names that are associated with poverty or

misfortune: For example, names such as "Beggar",

"Poor", or "Misfortune".

• Names that are associated with negative

concepts: For example, names such as "Evil", "Hate",

or "Disaster".

• It is important to note that not everyone will find

the same names to be taboo or offensive. What one

person considers to be a perfectly acceptable name,

another person might find to be deeply offensive. It is

always best to err on the side of caution when

choosing a name for a child and to avoid names that

you know might be considered to be taboo or

offensive by others.

5 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, it is appropriate to recall the Russian

phrase "как корабль назовешь, так он и поплывет"

(which can be translated as the English proverb "Give

a dog a bad name and hang him" (Akhmetov A.

1995)). Names are crucial factors that determine a

person's position in society and shape their future for

better or worse. They should be pleasant to hear and

Motivation, Euphemization, and Dysphemization in Uzbek Names and the Factors that Cause Them to Appear

1679

easy to understand, regardless of the language they

are derived from (Begmatov E. 1965.). Euphemistic

intentions and social reasons must conform to the

generally accepted rules of society, unwritten

linguistic norms, and cultural laws (Begmatov E.

1965.). The beauty of a name should not be limited to

a specific language; it should be appreciated globally,

reflecting the achievements of the Uzbek nation

(Begmatov E. 1965.).

Moreover, it is essential to dispel the notion that

"whatever a baby sees in their eyes at birth becomes

their name." Such primitive ideas should not spread

on a global scale (Begmatov E. 1998.). In Uzbek

tradition, there are etiquette standards that discourage

mentioning the names of spouses, parents-in-law, and

other relatives, favoring special nicknames and

euphemisms (Begmatov E. 1998.). For instance, in

Uzbek families, spouses may refer to each other by

the name of their eldest child, as seen in the novel

"Mehrobdan Chayon" (Scorpio from the Altar)

(Begmatov E. 1998.).

The study of Uzbek names reveals ancient beliefs,

high cultural-aesthetic taste, creativity in name

formation, and the effective use of the language

lexicon (Begmatov E. 1998.). It involves an

understanding of the belief in the magic of words and

the influence of names on a person's fate, health, and

prospects (Begmatov E. 1998.). Both euphemisms

and dysphemisms are occasional phenomena that are

continually evolving and flexible (Begmatov E.,

Dosimov Z., Nafasov T., Qorev S. 1991). Over time,

euphemisms may become established linguistic units

and lose their euphemistic character due to frequent

use (Begmatov E., Dosimov Z., Nafasov T., Qorev S.

1991). On the other hand, dysphemisms retain their

negative force and do not transform into orthophemes

(Begmatov E., Dosimov Z., Nafasov T., Qorev S.

1991). In summary, the study of Uzbek names

highlights the intricate interplay of cultural,

linguistic, and social factors (Begmatov E., Ulukov

N. 2005.), and underscores the importance of using

names that embody respect, aesthetic appeal, and

positive intentions for the well-being and identity of

individuals and the Uzbek nation (Begmatov E.,

Ulukov N. 2005.).

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