Analysis the Principle and the State-of-Art Scenarios for

Asteroid Detection

Jietang Zhang

Chengdu Shude High School, Bairohongxi road, Chengdu, China

Keywords: Asteroid Detection, Celestial Investigation, Space Exploration.

Abstract: As a matter of fact, small celestial bodies are home to the elements that first made up the solar system and

may hold crucial secrets about the beginnings of life and water on Earth especially based on the observations

in recent years. In reality, they are living fossils that may be used to learn about the solar system's formation

as well as evolution. For the main spaceflight nations, asteroid detection has emerged as one of the main

development objectives in the realm of deep space exploration in recent years. With this in mind, this study

briefly summarizes the international asteroid detection process and demonstrate the principle as well as the

state-of-art detection facilities. At the same time, this research summarizes the research and development

trends of asteroid detection and focuses on the main key technologies facing future asteroid detection

missions. According to the analysis, this study puts forward relevant suggestions for China's subsequent

asteroid detection activities.

1 INTRODUCTION

Small solar system objects refer to celestial bodies

that orbit the sun but do not qualify as planets or

dwarf planets, including asteroids, comets, meteors

and other interstellar materials. Among them ,

asteroids contain valuable information regarding the

beginnings, development, and evolution of the early

solar system. They may additionally hold crucial

hints regarding the beginnings of water and life on

Earth. They serve as "living fossils" for research on

the solar system's formation. Since the 1990s,

exploration activities targeting asteroids have

increased, becoming a hot topic in the field of deep

space exploration and achieving relatively fruitful

results (Ye et al., 2018; Sun & Meng, 2015). The

lunar exploration project implemented in 2004 kicked

off Chinese deep space exploration. In January 2019,

Chinese "Chang'e 4" probe achieved the world's first

soft landing detection on the back of the moon and

achieved five achievements (Wu et al., 2017; Ye et

al., 2017).

On the basis of the phased results achieved by the

lunar exploration project, in January 2016, the first

Mars exploration mission was approved (Geng et al.

2018), and deep space exploration was included in the

"Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for

National Economic and Social Development of the

People's Republic of China.” Science and

Technology Innovation 2030—Major Project”. The

white paper "China's Space in 2016" published on

December 27 of the same year clearly stated that carry

out in-depth demonstration and key technology

research on plans for Mars sample return, asteroid

detection, Jupiter galaxy and planetary transit

detection, etc., and conduct timely research on key

technologies. Start the implementation of the project

to study major scientific issues such as the origin and

evolution of the solar system and the search for

information about extraterrestrial life. For the main

spaceflight nations, asteroid detection has emerged as

one of the main development objectives in the realm

of deep space exploration in recent years. In August

2013, the International Space Exploration

Coordination was jointly established by 14 space

agencies including the China Space Administration,

the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National

Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The

group (referred to as ISECG) released the "Global

Exploration Roadmap" (European Space Agency,

2019), which determined that the main tasks of small

celestial body detection are: verifying innovative

outer space exploration technologies and capabilities;

deepenning the understanding of the evolution and

life of natural celestial bodies in the solar system

Zhang, J.

Analysis the Principle and the State-of-Art Scenarios for Asteroid Detection.

DOI: 10.5220/0013075600004601

Paper published under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Innovations in Applied Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy (IAMPA 2024), pages 313-320

ISBN: 978-989-758-722-1

313

Evolution as well as testing methods for resisting

risks from near-Earth asteroids. Based on a brief

review of the history of human exploration of small

celestial bodies, this article discusses the future

planning of asteroid detection and the main key

technologies it faces, and gives corresponding

enlightenment and suggestions.

2 DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF

SMALL CELESTIAL BODY

DETECTION

Humans initially used ground-based telescopes to

observe and study asteroids, and could only obtain

basic orbital parameters and some physical

characteristics. The measurement of material

composition, internal structure, gravitational field

and other parameters was almost blank. With the

development of aerospace technology, humans used

spacecraft to conduct close observations of small

celestial bodies in the 1970s. The last three decades

have seen the completion of several distinct historic

missions by the US, Europe, and Japan as part of an

international effort to explore minor celestial bodies.

14 minor celestial body discoveries have been made

so far by nations all around the world. Among them,

the asteroid sampling return missions of Japan and

America have reached the detection target, and

sampling and other on-orbit operations are ongoing as

shown in Figure 1 (Geng et al. 2018).

The exploration of asteroids has progressed from

close flybys (e.g., the Deep Space 1, Stardust, and

Rosetta missions) to asteroid orbiting detection (like

the Near Earth Asteroid RendezvoHs (NEAR)

detector and the Dawn detection mission). Following

this, attached and in-place detection (like the Rosetta

mission) has led to the current asteroid surface sample

return programs (like the Hayabusa 1, Hayabusa 2,

and OSIRIS-REx missions).

Judging from scientific results, through different

detection missions, the precise orbit, movement

speed, volume, material composition, and internal

structure of the target small celestial body have been

determined (Binzel, 2015; Bottke et al., 2006; Daly et

al., 2017; Delbo et al., 2014; Hiroi et al., 2006;

Hergenrother, 2013; Lauretta et al., 2015; Lauretta,

2017; Scheeres et al., 2016). For example, during its

flight by comet 19P/Borrelly, the dimensions, shape,

surface characteristics, brightness, mass, density, and

rotational state of the cometary nucleus of both

comets and asteroids were seen by the U.S. "Deep

Space 1" mission. Additionally, the plasma properties

of the coma were explored. The interaction between

the comet's core and the solar wind, along with the

brightness and characteristics of the dust and gas

flows erupting from it, are crucial factors to take into

account. the samples returned by the Japanese

"Hayabusa 1" mission were analyzed in the ground

laboratory for amino acids, polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbons Analytical tests of organic compounds

have shown that Itokawa's organic compounds are of

abiotic origin. These missions are mostly focused on

scientific questions, such as how the solar system

formed, how life first emerged, how to better

understand the principles governing planet formation

and evolution, and how life first emerged.

Figure 1: The mission's history of tiny body exploration (Geng et al. 2018).

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3 CHARACTERISTICS AND

DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF

SMALL CELESTIAL BODY

DETECTION MISSIONS

In recent years, space agencies and countries such as

the United States, ESA, and Japan have also planned

multiple asteroid detection missions (Landis, 2019;

Zou, 2017), as shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Planed asteroid exploration missions.

Mission

Country Time Main Tas

Lucy United

State

2021 Fly to the Trojan

asteroi

DART United

State

2021 Hitting a near-Earth

double bod

asteroi

Psyche United

State

2022 Detecting the main belt

M-type of Psyche

Destiny Japan&Ger

man

2022 Asteroid dust detection

Gastonia Europe 2028 Main belt comet 133P

orbiting detection

GAUSS Euro

e 2029 Ceres sam

lin

return

3.1 Situation of United States

The U.S. that has initiated the detection of tiny

celestial bodies earliest and carried out the most tiny

celestial body detection missions to date is the United

States. It has launched a total of 4 detectors with the

main mission of asteroid detection. From comets to

Kuiper belt asteroids, the detected objects range from

near-Earth asteroids and main belt asteroids. Among

them, the "Dawn" probe has completed the orbiting

detection of the main belt "Ceres" (Ceres) and

"Vesta" (Vesta); the "New Horizons" (New Horizons)

flew over the The Kuiper belt small object 2014

MU69 (Ultima Thule) is a large solar object with a

distance of 43 AU, and its shape directly confirms the

pebble accretion model of planet formation. So far,

human detectors have visited eight major planets,

asteroids, comets, and Kuiper Belt objects. On

September 9, 2016, the United States launched the

asteroid sampling return probe "Osiris" to the ancient

asteroid Bennu (Chesley et al., 2014; Lauretta, 2012),

and arrived near the carbonaceous asteroid on

December 3, 2018, a detailed investigation is

currently being carried out, the sampling point has

been determined, and the samples will be returned to

Earth in September 2023. This mission is another

NASA deep space sampling return mission after the

"Apollo" lunar landing project collected lunar rock

samples and the "Stardust" probe brought comet

samples back to Earth. Through the implementation

of this mission, the United States will continue to

expand the technological gap with other countries and

maintain its dominant status in the aerospace

industry. NASA unveiled the "Lucy" and "Psyche"

missions, two newly chosen low-cost, discovery-

level detection missions, in January 2017. Among

them, A mission named "Lucy" is scheduled to launch

in 2021, enter the asteroid belt in 2025, and search for

the Trojan group of asteroids between 2027 and 2033.

The mission consists of five Trojan asteroids orbiting

Jupiter and one target in the asteroid belt. Launched

in October 2023, the "Psyche" mission is scheduled

to reach the 16th asteroid, Psyche, in 2030. A huge

metal body made of iron, nickel, and rare metals

(including gold, platinum and copper) is the target.

With a diameter of More than 200 km, the detector

will launch a 20-month detection study. In addition,

NASA will soon implement a Dual Asteroid Impact

Mission (DART) to conduct early on-orbit

verification of the "Kinetic Impact" defense

technology. The DART impactor is expected to be

launched in 2021 and will hit the target asteroid in

October of the following year. The probe will detect

the surface morphology and geology of the primary

and secondary stars before impact. The impact will be

carried out when ground observation capabilities

allow. The entire process will be observed from the

ground and the implementation effect of the dynamic

impact will be evaluated.

3.2 The State of Japan

Japan started late in the field of asteroid detection, but

with unique ideas and planning, it launched a mission

with the goal of achieving a one-step return of

asteroid samples and achieved major breakthroughs.

In June 2010, Japan's Hayabusa successfully

completed the world's first sample return mission and

returned to Earth, causing a huge sensation in the

industry. JAXA took advantage of the situation and

launched the "Hyabusa 2" project. The "Hyabusa 2"

was successfully launched on December 3, 2014,

Beijing time. The probe arrived at the target asteroid

in 2018 and has now completed two touch sampling

operations in orbit, will return to Earth with samples

in 2020. n 2022, Japan and Germany collaborated to

launch the "Destiny+" probe. Around 2026, it will

approach the near-Earth asteroid Phaethon, where it

Analysis the Principle and the State-of-Art Scenarios for Asteroid Detection

315

will measure the dust's velocity and direction and

examine its composition. Fig. 2 shows Japan’s small

celestial body exploration plan. According to

Japanese specialists, "Hyabusa 1" and "Hyabusa 2"

are just the beginning of its program for deep space

exploration. Japan will adhere to the concept of

independent development and continue to conduct

systematic and step-by-step research on the solar

system and the origin and evolution of life.

detection.This demonstrates Japan's aspiration to join

the world's elite in the field of deep space exploration

by leveraging the world-class research outcomes in

asteroid detection (Chesley et al., 2014; Lauretta,

2012).

Figure 2: Roadmap of Japan asteroid exploration (Chesley et al., 2014).

3.3 The Status of European

Europe actively promotes asteroid sampling return

missions through international cooperation. While it

lacks experience in asteroid detection, Europe leads

the world in comet detection. The implementation of

asteroid detecting missions is aggressively promoted

through international cooperation. On March 2,

2004,the "Rosetta-Philae" detector by ESA was

launched successfully, and the target rendezvoused

with the comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko

(67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko) and detect its

position. The probe flew for ten years, relying three

times on the gravitational acceleration of Earth and

Mars. Philae touched down on the target comet's

surface on November 12, 2014, and conducted in-situ

detection.

While comet detection has made major

achievements, Europe is also actively promoting

asteroid detection missions. In 2015, the MarcoPolo-

2D project was jointly proposed and applied for by

the Beijing Institute of Technology, the Paris

Observatory in France, the Open University in the

UK, the China Academy of Space Technology, and

other international and domestic research institutions

to finish the 2011 SG286 asteroid. The samples were

sent back, but for a variety of reasons they were not

chosen. A Ceres sample return mission and a main-

belt comet 133P detection mission have both been

proposed recently by European scientists.

3.4 The status of China

In the early 1990s China launched relevant basic

research on asteroid detection. With ongoing

observations of solar system asteroids by

astronomers, the Observatory System of the Chinese

Academy of Sciences has a solid basis in asteroid

observation, asteroid orbital mechanics, and

ephemeris prediction. Theoretical research has been

conducted on asteroid detection orbit design, faint

celestial body identification and tracking, and other

technologies. On December 13, 2012, at 16:30, the

"Chang'e 2" spacecraft of China successfully detected

Toutatis (Toutatis/4179), an asteroid located around 7

million kilometers from Earth, through a near flyby.

The successful acquisition of the first-ever high-

resolution optical photograph of an asteroid

established the foundation for engineering practice

that China will need to conduct comprehensive

asteroid exploration (Huang, 2013). Tutatis has an

uneven form, as determined by the study of the

asteroid's interior structure, physical properties, and

potential origin using high-resolution photos of

asteroid No. 4179 taken by "Chang'e 2". A flat

surface, shaped like a piece of ginger, consisting of a

smaller end "Head" and a larger end "Body". Through

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research, some new features of Toutatis' surface were

discovered that had not been discovered in earlier

ground radar observations: at the end of the "body" is

a massive basin with a diameter of approximately 800

meters, and more than 50 clearly visible spots may be

located on the surface. Craters of various sizes,

including two that partially obscured one another

after being created close to the same spot; the "neck"

connects the "head" and "body" at a nearly vertical

angle; there are There are more than 30 areas with

boulder features; evenfeatures such as smaller linear

structures can be distinguished via Fig. 3 (Huang et

al., 2013). Tutatis is most likely a Close Approach

binary asteroid with a rubble pile structure based on

its structural features. It could be the result of the

YORP effect or the slow approach of two separate

little objects. Alternatively, there may be a

widespread impact to blame. In addition, since 2010,

relevant domestic research institutions and

universities, with the support of civil aerospace

advance research, natural funds, etc., have carried out

research and advanced technical research on asteroid

detection, including research on asteroid monitoring

and defense technology and small celestial body

detection strategies ( Relevant research results have

been achieved in aspects such as target selection),

asteroid resource development and utilization

technology, and surface detection of weak gravity

small celestial bodies.

Figure 3: Physiognomy Features of Tutattis (Huang et al., 2013).

3.5 Main Implications

Summarizing the development history of asteroid

exploration over the past many years, it can be seen

from the implemented tasks and plans of various

countries that asteroid exploration, lunar exploration,

and Mars exploration are both important research

directions for deep space exploration in the 21st

century. The following trends are shown:

Asteroid detection has progressed from flyby and

companion flight detection to surface soft landing and

sample return detection. In the early days of asteroid

detection, only flyby or companion flights could be

completed due to technical limitations, making it

impossible to accomplish asteroid surface landing

and return detection. Asteroid detection was mostly

completed as an expansion stage of a certain detection

mission. However, with the continuous advancement

of orbit design and navigation control technology,

advanced propulsion technology and surface

operation technology, the form of asteroid detection

has gradually developed into in-place detection and

sample return detection, thus enabling greater

scientific detection results. At present, Japan has

achieved the return of samples from the surface of the

asteroid, and the European "Rosetta-Philae" probe is

also conducting more detailed scientific research on

the surface of the comet. The United States, Europe,

and Japan are all actively promoting follow-up plans.

Implementation of the asteroid sampling return

mission.

The asteroid exploration mission has many bright

spots in scientific objectives and new technologies are

highly motivating. Small solar system objects,

including asteroids and comets, are thought to

represent leftovers of the solar system's early

development and can offer crucial hints for

fundamental scientific studies on the genesis of

planets, the solar system's history, and the beginning

of life. Scientists have brought up cutting-edge

scientific questions about small celestial bodies,

including "the origin of organic matter, the

distribution and source of water, dynamic formation

and evolution, and the threat of collisions with near-

Earth asteroids." Scientists' interest in exploring these

scientific questions has grown significantly. The

Analysis the Principle and the State-of-Art Scenarios for Asteroid Detection

317

implementation of small celestial body detection

missions also involves a series of key technologies

such as space propulsion technology, space energy

technology, small celestial body surface attachment

technology, and sampling technology under

microgravity conditions. The long detection mission

cycle, long target distance, and moderate target size

make the detection of small celestial bodies has

become a unique testing ground for these new

technologies. The U.S. Deep Space 1 probe and

Japan's Hayabusa probe have both achieved

important results in the demonstration and

verification of new technologies. The verified

technologies have also provided important technical

support for countries in subsequent deep space

exploration missions.

A potential basis for global collaboration in the

high-tech aerospace sector is asteroid detection.

There are a large number of small celestial bodies,

complex and changeable orbits, and different shapes,

making detection very difficult. International

cooperation is now necessary because no one nation

or institution can carry out in-depth research on

several asteroids on its own. For example, the

scientific payload of the "Dawn" probe came from

multiple aerospace departments or research institutes

such as Germany and Italy, and the "Rosetta-Philae"

probe brought together the efforts of America, Italy,

Germany, France, and other countries to complete the

current mission. Complete scientific payload

configuration and international cooperation will

achieve "normalization" in subsequent asteroid

exploration.

4 MAIN KEY TECHNOLOGY

An environment of "microgravity and uncertainty" is

what asteroids are like. "Microgravity" means that the

surface of the asteroid is in a microgravity

environment (about 10-4g) and the escape velocity is

very low; "uncertain" means that there is very little

prior knowledge about the asteroid, and before the

detector arrives, it can generally only be determined

with the help of Astronomical observations and

theoretical assumptions predict its rotation period,

topography, surface physical properties, etc., and

there is little prior knowledge. Therefore, the

implementation process of asteroid sampling return

technology is fundamentally different from that of

large planets such as the moon and Mars. Further

advancements in many of key technologies are

required to support programs aimed at exploring Mars

and the Moon. Among these are critical technologies

that urgently require advancements: light and

compact high-speed re-entry and return; long-life

electric propulsion; precise point attachment control;

and mild gravity attachment sampling.

Because of the asteroid's great distance from

Earth, only a limited set of physical attributes and

fundamental orbital parameters can be obtained by

ground observations. The asteroid's weak

gravitational field prevents the establishment of an

orbit, so the resolution of the asteroid's material

composition and shape is very limited, and the size

and structure of the asteroid are very limited,

topography, motion characteristics (rotation axis

direction, precise rotation period), gravitational field,

magnetic field and other physical information are

almost blank. Traditionally, the laws of detection

targets and their environment are the conditions for

spacecraft landing and navigation, but asteroid

attachment detection is a scientific activity carried out

to obtain these laws. Traditional navigation methods

cannot support the safe and accurate attachment of a

probe to the surface of an asteroid with a size of only

a few hundred meters. In addition, there is a certain

deviation in the ephemeris of asteroids. As the

detector's distance from the earth increases, the

accuracy of ground-based orbit determination also

decreases significantly. It is difficult to rely solely on

ground-based orbit determination results to meet the

mission requirements of the detector to rendezvous

and attach to the asteroid.

In summary, whether in terms of model

establishment, control schemes or sensor capabilities,

higher margins and greater robustness are required to

adapt to the impact of uncertainty in asteroid target

characteristics (Cui & Cui, 2002; Li et al., 2012). For

the detector to be safe and to fulfil its mission

objectives, it must be equipped with high-precision,

high-robust autonomous navigation and fixed-point

attachment control capabilities (Ye et al., 2015).

The asteroid's surface is where the detector is

fixed. Sampling the asteroid is an important way to

obtain asteroid information. It is necessary to achieve

the rendezvous, attachment and sampling of asteroids

in a weak gravity environment. Long-term attachment

will be crucial for future missions due to the need for

the growth and utilization of asteroid resources, and

multi-point sampling detection on the surface will

increase the mission's detection range and enhance its

return on investment. The asteroid attachment

sampling process can be divided into attachment

surface, sample collection, sample transfer and other

links. Each link faces new problems and technical

challenges.

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During the process of attachment to the surface,

the gravitational field of the asteroid is weak and the

surface escape velocity is small. The most likely

possibility is that it will rebound during attachment.

Uncontrolled rebound is the most dangerous part of

the asteroid attachment. The detector may lose

control of its attitude, roll over, or even be damaged

by collision. How to maintain posture and avoid

losing control during contact with an asteroid is one

of the challenges. During the sample collection

process, unlike the moon and Mars, all materials

during the asteroid sample collection process are

basically in a state of free movement, and the open

shovelling and digging methods that can be used in a

gravity environment are ineffective. Special sample

collection methods adapted to microgravity

environments need to be developed, and challenges

such as how to constrain the movement direction of

the samples need to be solved.

The sample transfer process is similar to sample

collection. It is necessary to find a solution to the

constraint problem regarding the direction of sample

movement and to maximize the sample transfer

method's flexibility. In addition, in order to ensure

successful sampling and meet mission requirements,

it is also necessary to confirm the final state of the

sample transfer to the returner and measure the

sample collection volume. The asteroid attachment

sampling process is complex and has many interface

constraints. The technical challenges in each link

mentioned above have brought great difficulties to the

system design, test verification, etc. of the sampling

mechanism, sample container, etc. It is necessary to

carry out integrated and refined design of the attached

sampling system and build an integrated verification

environment based on the top-level requirements of

the task, carry out sufficient ground testing and

verification work.

The probe flies from the earth to the target

asteroid far away from the main belt for orbiting

detection. The whole process requires a speed

increment of about 8 km/s. On the one hand, as the

detector travels further from the sun and the main

belt, the solar wing's power production capacity

reduces correspondingly. A wide range of multi-

working point adjustments must be possible for the

power of the ion electric propulsion system in order

to match the output power of the solar sail panel under

different distances of solar conditions. On the other

hand, the electric propulsion system must be able to

operate continuously for an extended period of time.

For example, the ion electric thruster of the "Dawn"

detector has been ignited in orbit for more than

30,000 hours; at the same time, considering the harsh

environmental conditions during the mission, the

electric propulsion is in hot Design, dust-proof design

and other aspects also need to be considered.

Therefore, the ion electric propulsion for asteroid

detection needs to be able to adjust at multiple

operating points within a wide power range and can

work autonomously and continuously for a long time.

Technical research and experimental verification

need to be carried out based on the specific needs and

constraints of the mission.

In the asteroid sampling return mission, the re-

entry speed of the returner will exceed the second

cosmic speed, reaching about 13 km/s; the re-entry

process will withstand a heat flow of up to about 12

MW/m

. According to the on-orbit data study of the

American Stardust and Origin returners, the turbulent

heat flow after return is several times higher than the

laminar heat flow (Ye et al., 2015). If the traditional

laminar flow thermal environment prediction method

is directly used to predict the re-entry thermal

environment of the returner, the heat protection

structure on the leeward side may be too weak, and

the structure may burn through under turbulent heat

conditions during re-entry. However, according to the

turbulent heat design. This will cause the structure to

be overweight. In view of the mission requirements

and constraints of high-speed re-entry and return of

asteroids, research and analysis on transition criteria

for ultra-high Reynolds number and ultra-high sonic

turbulence are required; research and development of

functionally graded anti-insulation materials and

high-strength materials that are resistant to high

enthalpy and high heat flux density Supersonic

parachute; carry out lightweight and refined system

design of returners.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Asteroid exploration "sees the big from the small",

the mission reflects the diversity and uniqueness,

focuses on exploring the origin and evolution of the

universe, material structure and other major basic and

cutting-edge scientific issues, and reflects the basic

engineering issues of public interest (resource

development and impact warning) , has become a hot

spot for deep space exploration. It is of significant

significance for opening new territories, revealing the

origin of life, promoting technological progress,

developing natural resources, and protecting the

security of the earth. It is one of the major practical

activities to promote the transformation from a space

power to a space power and implement the national

strategy of innovation-driven development. Asteroid

Analysis the Principle and the State-of-Art Scenarios for Asteroid Detection

319

detection will face more new technological

challenges and more cutting-edge and fundamental

issues. China used the "Chang'e 2" probe to seize the

opportunity and successfully realized the flyby

detection of the asteroid "Tutatis" and accumulated

certain engineering experience; the successful

implementation of the "Chang'e 5" flight tester" made

a breakthrough and has mastered the key technology

of high-speed re-entry and return; "Chang'e 5" will

break through in unmanned automatic lunar sampling

technology. These engineering achievements prove

that China has initially mastered multi-target

detection mission design, detector orbit

measurement, and high-reliability autonomous

control and management target acquisition and other

theories and technologies have laid a good foundation

for carrying out multi-target and multi-mission

detection of asteroids. Activities related to asteroid

exploration can serve as a solid foundation for both

regional and global space collaboration, and they are

a potent first step for China when it comes to pursuing

international space exploration cooperation. The

realization of scientific results and engineering

practices can greatly enhance China’s participation in

international space coordination and activities. The

implementation of asteroid exploration will drive the

coordinated development of China's space science

and detection technology, and play a role in

connecting the past and the future in the planetary

exploration development plan. Choosing the right

time to implement asteroid detection missions and

obtaining scientific results with originality and world

influence will further promote innovation and

breakthroughs in aerospace technology, space science

and other fields.

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