Are Open News Systems Credible? - An Investigation Into Perceptions of Participatory and Citizen News
Jonathan Scott, David Millard, Pauline Leonard
2016
Abstract
The growth of the web has led to a shift in the news industry and the emergence of novel news services. Due to the importance of news media in society it is important to understand how these systems work and how they are perceived. Previous work has ranked news systems in terms of their openness to user contribution, noting that the most open systems (such as YouTube) are typically not viewed as news systems at all, despite having most of the same functional characteristics. In this paper we explore whether credibility is an appropriate characteristic to explain this perception by presenting the results of a survey of 79 people regarding their credibility assessments of online news websites. We compare this perceived credibility with the openness of the systems as identified in previous work. Results show that there is a modest but significant correlation between the openness of a news system and its credibility, and suggest that credibility is an appropriate if imperfect explanation of the difference in perception of open and closed news systems.
References
- Aalberg, T. and Curran, J. (2011). How media inform democracy: A comparative approach, volume 1. Routledge.
- Carter, R. F. and Greenberg, B. S. (1965). Newspapers or television: which do you believe? Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 42(1):29-34.
- Chang, L. K. and Lemert, J. B. (1968). The invisible newsman and other factors in media competition. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 45(3):436- 444.
- Choi, J. H., Watt, J. H., and Lynch, M. (2006). Perceptions of news credibility about the war in iraq: Why war opponents perceived the internet as the most credible medium. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(1):209-229.
- Domingo, D., Quandt, T., Heinonen, A., Paulussen, S., Singer, J. B., and Vujnovic, M. (2008). Participatory journalism practices in the media and beyond: An international comparative study of initiatives in online newspapers. Journalism practice, 2(3):326-342.
- Flanagin, A. J. and Metzger, M. J. (2000). Perceptions of internet information credibility. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(3):515-540.
- Flanagin, A. J. and Metzger, M. J. (2007). The role of site features, user attributes, and information verification behaviors on the perceived credibility of web-based information. New Media & Society, 9(2):319-342.
- Fogg, B. J. (1999). Persuasive technologies. Communications of the ACM, 42(5):26-29.
- Gaziano, C. and McGrath, K. (1986). Measuring the concept of credibility. Journalism Quarterly, 63(3):451- 462.
- Hellmueller, L. and Trilling, D. (2012). The credibility of credibility measures: A meta-analysis in leading communication journals, 1951 to 2011. In WAPOR 65th Annual Conference in Hong Kong.
- Johnson, T. J. and Kaye, B. K. (1998). Cruising is believing?: Comparing internet and traditional sources on media credibility measures. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 75(2):325-340.
- Johnson, T. J. and Kaye, B. K. (2009). In blog we trust? deciphering credibility of components of the internet among politically interested internet users. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(1):175-182.
- Johnson, T. J., Kaye, B. K., Bichard, S. L., and Wong, W. J. (2007). Every blog has its day: Politicallyinterested internet users' perceptions of blog credibility. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1):100-122.
- Kim, D. and Johnson, T. J. (2009). A shift in media credibility comparing internet and traditional news sources in south korea. International Communication Gazette, 71(4):283-302.
- Kiousis, S. (2001). Public trust or mistrust? perceptions of media credibility in the information age. Mass Communication & Society, 4(4):381-403.
- Marchionni, D. M. (2013). Measuring conversational journalism: An experimental test of wiki, twittered and “collaborative” news models. Studies in Media and Communication, 1(2):119-131.
- McCroskey, J. C. and Young, T. J. (1979). The use and abuse of factor analysis in communication research. Human Communication Research, 5(4):375-382.
- Melican, D. B. and Dixon, T. L. (2008). News on the net credibility, selective exposure, and racial prejudice. Communication Research, 35(2):151-168.
- Metzger, M. J., Flanagin, A. J., Eyal, K., Lemus, D. R., and McCann, R. M. (2003). Credibility for the 21st century: Integrating perspectives on source, message, and media credibility in the contemporary media environment. Communication yearbook, 27:293-336.
- Metzger, M. J., Flanagin, A. J., and Medders, R. B. (2010). Social and heuristic approaches to credibility evaluation online. Journal of Communication, 60(3):413- 439.
- Meyer, P. (1988). Defining and measuring credibility of newspapers: Developing an index. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 65(3):567-574.
- Mitchell, A. (2014). State of the news media 2014: Overview. Pew Research Journalism Project.
- Schmierbach, M. and Oeldorf-Hirsch, A. (2012). A little bird told me, so i didn't believe it: Twitter, credibility, and issue perceptions. Communication Quarterly, 60(3):317-337.
- Schweiger, W. (2000). Media credibility-experience or image? a survey on the credibility of the world wide web in germany in comparison to other media. European Journal of Communication, 15(1):37-59.
- Scott, J., Millard, D., and Leonard, P. (2015). Citizen participation in news. Digital Journalism, 3(5):737-758.
- Sundar, S. S., Knobloch-Westerwick, S., and Hastall, M. R. (2007). News cues: Information scent and cognitive heuristics. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(3):366-378.
- Sundar, S. S. and Nass, C. (2001). Conceptualizing sources in online news. Journal of Communication, 51(1):52- 72.
- Thorson, E. and Duffy, M. (2006). A needs-based theory of the revolution in news use and its implications for the newspaper business. Technical report, Reynolds Journalism Institute at the Missouri School of Journalism, Columbia, MO.
- Thorson, K., Vraga, E., and Ekdale, B. (2010). Credibility in context: How uncivil online commentary affects news credibility. Mass Communication and Society, 13(3):289-313.
- Tseng, S. and Fogg, B. (1999). Credibility and computing technology. Communications of the ACM, 42(5):39- 44.
- Wathen, C. N. and Burkell, J. (2002). Believe it or not: Factors influencing credibility on the web. Journal of the American society for information science and technology, 53(2):134-144.
- West, M. D. (1994). Validating a scale for the measurement of credibility: A covariance structure modeling approach. Journalism Quarterly, 71(1):159-68.
- Wilson, C. E. and Howard, D. M. (1978). Public perception of media accuracy. Journalism Quarterly.
Paper Citation
in Harvard Style
Scott J., Millard D. and Leonard P. (2016). Are Open News Systems Credible? - An Investigation Into Perceptions of Participatory and Citizen News . In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST, ISBN 978-989-758-186-1, pages 263-270. DOI: 10.5220/0005858702630270
in Bibtex Style
@conference{webist16,
author={Jonathan Scott and David Millard and Pauline Leonard},
title={Are Open News Systems Credible? - An Investigation Into Perceptions of Participatory and Citizen News},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST,},
year={2016},
pages={263-270},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0005858702630270},
isbn={978-989-758-186-1},
}
in EndNote Style
TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies - Volume 1: WEBIST,
TI - Are Open News Systems Credible? - An Investigation Into Perceptions of Participatory and Citizen News
SN - 978-989-758-186-1
AU - Scott J.
AU - Millard D.
AU - Leonard P.
PY - 2016
SP - 263
EP - 270
DO - 10.5220/0005858702630270