Conservative and Innovative Form of Proto Malay in Malay Asahan

Dwi Widayati, Gustianingsih, Rosliana Lubis

2018

Abstract

This paper aims to describe the innovative and conservative forms of Proto Malay (PM) in Malay Asahan (BMA) through its reflexes. These forms include vowel and consonant phonemes. The method is a comparative historical method with the probability theory of language change. From the analysis it is concluded that the vowels are generally reflected in an innovative rather than consonant. Innovative reflexes on the vowels cause the reflected lexicons to be innovated. The high vowel /*i/ is reflected into /i/ and /e/. Meanwhile the vowel /*u/ is split into /u/ and /ɔ/. The middle vowel /*ə/ is reflected into /a /and /ɔ/ innovatively. The vowels /*a/ and /*ə/ simultaneously merge into /a/. Innovatively reflected consonants are found in /*h/, /*k/, /*ʔ/, and /*r/ consonants. The plosive voiceless consonants /*p/, /*t/, and /*k/ are reflected at all positions linearly. Meanwhile, the /*c/ consonant appears only in the initial and medial positions, and /*ʔ/ only appears in the final position. The plosive voiced consonants i.e /*b/, /*d/, /*j/, and /*g/ are only reflected in the initial and medial positions linearly. The nasal consonants /*m/, /*n/, and /*ŋ/ are also reflected in all positions linearly, but /*ɲ/ is reflected only in initial and medial positions. The liquid consonant /*r/ and /*l/ and fricative /*s/ and /*h/ are reflected in all positions. /*r/ consonant is innovated into /R/, while /h/ is split into /h/ and /Ø/.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Widayati D., Gustianingsih. and Lubis R. (2018). Conservative and Innovative Form of Proto Malay in Malay Asahan.In Proceedings of the International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramification Researches - Volume 1: ICOSTEERR, ISBN 978-989-758-449-7, pages 1178-1183. DOI: 10.5220/0010069111781183

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icosteerr18,
author={Dwi Widayati and Gustianingsih and Rosliana Lubis},
title={Conservative and Innovative Form of Proto Malay in Malay Asahan},
booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramification Researches - Volume 1: ICOSTEERR,},
year={2018},
pages={1178-1183},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0010069111781183},
isbn={978-989-758-449-7},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramification Researches - Volume 1: ICOSTEERR,
TI - Conservative and Innovative Form of Proto Malay in Malay Asahan
SN - 978-989-758-449-7
AU - Widayati D.
AU - Gustianingsih.
AU - Lubis R.
PY - 2018
SP - 1178
EP - 1183
DO - 10.5220/0010069111781183