Off-Chaining Approaches for Cost-Efficiency in Threshold-Based Elliptic Curve Systems over Blockchains

Visakh Vijayan, Maria Francis, Kotaro Kataoka

2024

Abstract

In this work, we propose an off-chaining technique – threshold off-chain computation (TOC) – to reduce the gas cost of threshold-based elliptic curve cryptographic systems over blockchains (TEB), while preserving the security guarantees. We use threshold-based anonymous credentials with opening (TACO) and without opening (TAC) as examples and instantiate them with a PoC implementation of a blockchain-based credential management system. These implementations are built for both Ganache and Sepolia. Based on the evaluation results, we propose a) selective off-chaining where functions are off-chained using the TOC approach solely for gas cost reduction, and b) empirical push-back off-chaining where operations within the off-chained functions are pushed back on-chain for a balance between gas cost reduction and execution time. We observe that selective off-chaining of the TACO system results in a significant reduction of gas cost – 32x and 29x w.r.t. to the on-chain system in Ganache and Sepolia, respectively, but with a degradation in execution time. The empirical push-back off-chaining of the TACO system results in gas costs that are 6x and 4x lower than the original system in Ganache and Sepolia, respectively with an improvement in execution time of 59% in Ganache and 23% in Sepolia.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Vijayan V., Francis M. and Kataoka K. (2024). Off-Chaining Approaches for Cost-Efficiency in Threshold-Based Elliptic Curve Systems over Blockchains. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy - Volume 1: ICISSP; ISBN 978-989-758-683-5, SciTePress, pages 411-422. DOI: 10.5220/0012361600003648

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icissp24,
author={Visakh Vijayan and Maria Francis and Kotaro Kataoka},
title={Off-Chaining Approaches for Cost-Efficiency in Threshold-Based Elliptic Curve Systems over Blockchains},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy - Volume 1: ICISSP},
year={2024},
pages={411-422},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0012361600003648},
isbn={978-989-758-683-5},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy - Volume 1: ICISSP
TI - Off-Chaining Approaches for Cost-Efficiency in Threshold-Based Elliptic Curve Systems over Blockchains
SN - 978-989-758-683-5
AU - Vijayan V.
AU - Francis M.
AU - Kataoka K.
PY - 2024
SP - 411
EP - 422
DO - 10.5220/0012361600003648
PB - SciTePress