Spiral Drawing Test and Explainable Convolutional Neural Networks for Parkinson’s Disease Detection

Francesco Mercaldo, Francesco Mercaldo, Luca Brunese, Mario Cesarelli, Fabio Martinelli, Antonella Santone

2024

Abstract

There is no definitive test for Parkinson’s disease, and the rate of misdiagnosis, particularly when made by individuals without specialized training, is significantly elevated. The spiral drawing test is a clinical assessment tool used to evaluate fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and tremor in individuals, particularly those with neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. In this test, a person is typically asked to trace or draw a spiral pattern on a piece of paper or a digital tablet. The test measures the smoothness and steadiness of their hand movements. Any irregularities or tremors in the drawn spiral can provide valuable information to healthcare professionals in diagnosing or monitoring conditions like Parkinson’s disease, essential tremors, or other movement disorders. In this paper, we provide a method aimed at automatically analyse spiral drawing tests to understand whether a subject is affected by Parkinson’s disease. We employ two different Convolu-tional Neural Networks: DenseNet and ResNet50, by obtaining an accuracy equal to 0.96 in the evaluation of a dataset composed of 3,991 spiral drawing tests, thus showing the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, with the aim to provide a kind of explainability behind the model prediction, the proposed method is able to visualise, directly on the spiral drawing test image, the areas of the test image that from the model point of view are related to Parkinson’s disease.

Paper Citation

in Harvard Style

Mercaldo F., Brunese L., Cesarelli M., Martinelli F. and Santone A. (2024). Spiral Drawing Test and Explainable Convolutional Neural Networks for Parkinson’s Disease Detection. In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART; ISBN 978-989-758-680-4, SciTePress, pages 443-452. DOI: 10.5220/0012407100003636

in Bibtex Style

@conference{icaart24,
author={Francesco Mercaldo and Luca Brunese and Mario Cesarelli and Fabio Martinelli and Antonella Santone},
title={Spiral Drawing Test and Explainable Convolutional Neural Networks for Parkinson’s Disease Detection},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART},
year={2024},
pages={443-452},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0012407100003636},
isbn={978-989-758-680-4},
}

in EndNote Style

TY - CONF

JO - Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART
TI - Spiral Drawing Test and Explainable Convolutional Neural Networks for Parkinson’s Disease Detection
SN - 978-989-758-680-4
AU - Mercaldo F.
AU - Brunese L.
AU - Cesarelli M.
AU - Martinelli F.
AU - Santone A.
PY - 2024
SP - 443
EP - 452
DO - 10.5220/0012407100003636
PB - SciTePress